Impacto del nivel socioeconómico sobre el perfil del paciente amputado de miembro inferior por causa no traumática

IntroductionTo analyse the influence of socioeconomic status on the clinical profile of patients undergoing non-traumatic lower-limb amputation.MethodsRetrospective study of 697 lower-limb amputee patients in an Angiology and Vascular Surgery Department during a 5-year period. Patients were classified according to their socioeconomic status (low, medium and high). We analysed demographic (age and gender) and clinical variables (cause of amputation, comorbidity, cardiovascular risk factors and amputation level).ResultsMean age was 70.5 ± 11.9 years, and the median was 72 years. The low socioeconomic status group presented a higher frequency of amputations in men. Cardiovascular risks factors were more frequent in this socioeconomic group, and the difference was statistically significant for diabetes (85.8% low, 69.3% medium, 65% high; P<.01) and obesity (31.4% low, 22.6% medium, 12.5% high, P<.01). Diabetic retinopathy was the only comorbidity with a significant association with low socioeconomic status (21.1% low, 15.3% medium, 12.5% high, P<.03). Regarding the cause for amputation, there was no difference in terms of socioeconomic status. The low socioeconomic level showed a higher frequency of major amputation, which was a significant difference (63.6% low, 41.2% medium, 55% high, P<.04) and a higher predisposition for this amputation level.ConclusionsThe low socioeconomic status has been shown to determine an unfavourable vascular risk profile in lower-limb non-traumatic amputees and a higher predisposition of a major amputation. This socioeconomic level demonstrates a negative influence on these patients’ diabetes, obesity and diabetic retinopathy.     

可调节式内膜剥离器用于亚急性下肢动脉栓塞治疗32例分析

正多数下肢动脉栓塞病人在急性期内(发病6～8 h以内)行手术治疗可取得较好的治疗效果,但部分病人可能因医疗条件或个人原因而选择保守治疗(如仅使用抗凝药物等),下肢动脉部分开放或仅侧支开放,将疾病由急性期拖入了亚急性期,此时的血栓机化,并且与血管内膜粘连紧密不易分开。笔者团队自制可调节式内膜剥离器用于取出亚急性下肢动脉栓塞病人的陈旧性机化血栓。现报告如下。     

银黄洗剂治疗下肢血栓性浅静脉炎的临床疗效观察

目的:观察银黄洗剂治疗下肢血栓性浅静脉炎的临床疗效。方法:将62例诊断为下肢血栓性浅静脉炎的患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各31例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上应用硫酸镁湿敷,观察组在常规治疗的基础上应用银黄洗剂湿敷,疗程均为10 d。比较两组患者临床症状评分(皮肤颜色、患肢肿胀、硬索结节及疼痛的评分)、相关实验室指标(超敏C反应蛋白及纤维蛋白原)的变化情况以及总有效率。结果:观察组总有效率90.32%,高于对照组的64.52%(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组症状体征评分明显改善,超敏C反应蛋白及纤维蛋白原明显降低(P<0.05)。观察组在改善症状体征及降低炎性反应方面较对照组更明显(P<0.05),两组治疗后纤维蛋白原数值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:银黄洗剂治疗下肢血栓性浅静脉炎,可有效改善患者临床症状及降低炎性反应,明显提高临床疗效。     

Upper Extremity Overuse Injuries and Obesity After Spinal Cord Injury

Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at high risk for developing neurogenic obesity due to muscle paralysis and obligatory sarcopenia, sympathetic blunting, anabolic deficiency, and blunted satiety. Persons with SCI are also at high risk for shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand injuries, including neuromusculoskeletal pathologies and nociceptive pain, as human upper extremities are poorly designed to facilitate chronic weight-bearing activities, including manual wheelchair propulsion, transfers, self-care, and day-to-day activities. This article reviews current literature on the relationship between obesity and increased body weight with upper extremity overuse injuries, detailing pathology at the shoulders, elbows, and wrists that elicit pain and functional decline and stressing the importance of weight management to preserve function.     

The PROMIS Upper Extremity Computer Adaptive Test Correlates With Previously Validated Metrics in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Upper Extremity (PROMIS UE) computer adaptive test was developed to improve precision and reduce question burden. We hypothesized that in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS): (1) PROMIS UE would correlate with established patient-reported outcome measures (PROs); (2) the time and number of questions required would be lower than current metrics; (3) there would be no floor or ceiling effects; and (4) PROMIS UE would not correlate with disease severity. Methods: Patients undergoing electrodiagnostic evaluation found to have a primary diagnosis of unilateral CTS prospectively completed PROMIS UE, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (qDASH), and Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ). Electrophysiologic and clinical severity was recorded. The relationships among PROs were described with Spearman coefficients. A floor or ceiling effect was confirmed if >15% of patients achieved the lowest or highest possible score, respectively. Results: Fifty-one patients (average, 53.9 years) were enrolled. An excellent correlation was identified between PROMIS UE and qDASH (R = −0.76, P < .001). There was a good correlation between PROMIS UE and BCTQ (R = −0.58, P < 0.001). The PROMIS UE required less time and fewer questions than qDASH and BCTQ (P = .02 and P < .001). There were no floor or ceiling effects. Neither neurophysiologic nor clinical severity correlated with PROMIS UE (R = 0.24, P > .05 and R = −0.18, P > .05). Conclusions: The PROMIS UE has an excellent correlation with qDASH and a good correlation with BCTQ in patients with CTS. Furthermore, PROMIS UE required less time and fewer questions than established PROs. Used as a single PRO, PROMIS UE represents a practical alternative to current metrics in patients with CTS.     

DSA引导下腰交感神经阻滞治疗妇科肿瘤术后下肢淋巴水肿

目的观察DSA引导下腰交感神经阻滞治疗妇科肿瘤术后下肢淋巴水肿的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析20例妇科肿瘤术后下肢淋巴水肿患者,均接受DSA引导下腰交感神经阻滞治疗(均治疗2次)。分别于阻滞前、首次阻滞后第1天及第2次阻滞后第1、7天测量患侧腿围,记录患侧腿围缩小值。采用Inbody720多频生物电阻人体成分分析仪检测阻滞前及第2次阻滞后1周时的组织水肿程度;观察症状改善及功能恢复情况。结果 20例均顺利完成阻滞。1例术后出现短暂下肢无力,余无不良反应。首次阻滞后第1天及第2次阻滞后第1、7天患侧下肢各测量点腿围均不同程度缩小,且各测量点第2次阻滞术后第1、7天腿围缩小值均高于第1次术后第1天(P均0.01)。第2次阻滞后1周组织水肿程度较术前降低(P0.01),髋关节活动度较术前增加(P0.01),患侧下肢肿胀感、紧绷感、疼痛感、麻木感均消失。结论 DSA引导下腰交感神经阻滞治疗妇科肿瘤术后下肢淋巴水肿有效且安全。     

Progress of laser and light treatments for lower eyelid rejuvenation

Laser and light treatments have recently become popular owing to its efficacy in treating laxity, rhytids, hyperpigmentation of the lower eyelids, and drooping of septum fat. For several decades, our department has explored the application of laser and light treatment for eye rejuvenation. This paper summarizes common treatment methods and analyzes the published literature on the indications and outcomes of multiple laser and light treatments for lower eyelid rejuvenation. An extensive survey of peer-reviewed literature was performed using PubMed, with the search terms “noninvasive treatment”, “infraorbital”, “palpebral bags”, “lower eyelid”, “radiofrequency (RF)”, “laser”, “nonsurgical skin tightening”, and “noninvasive fat reduction”. The results showed that the use of lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL), monopolar RF, bipolar RF, AdipoLASER rejuvenation (ALJ), and fractional RF microneedling are safe and effective treatments for palpebral bags. We conclude that using Q-switched lasers, IPL, RF, ALJ, and fractional RF microneedling is safe and effective for lower eyelid rejuvenation, with minimal complications and quick recovery. Further research and development of optoelectronic therapy may encourage breakthroughs in lower eyelid treatment, such as simplified complex surgery and noninvasive methods.     

补气活血止痛汤配合硫辛酸注射液对糖尿病周围神经病变 患者炎症反应和下肢神经功能的影响

目的:探讨补气活血止痛汤配合硫辛酸注射液对糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)患者的炎症反应和下肢神经功能的影响。方法:选取2018年1月—2019年12月在上海市静安区江宁路街道社区卫生服务中心收治的DPN患者148例,按照随机对照的方法,随机分为对照组(n=74)和观察组(n=74),对照组给予硫辛酸注射液治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予补气活血止痛汤治疗,4周为1个疗程,连续用药2个疗程后比较临床疗效。结果:观察组治疗后患者IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α及CRP水平较对照组显著下降(P<0.05);观察组治疗后左胫神经、右胫神经、左腓总神经和右腓总神经传导速度较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);观察组治疗后TCSS、TSS和NRS评分较对照组临床症状评分下降更明显(P<0.05)。结论:补气活血止痛汤配合硫辛酸注射液可显著降低炎症反应、促进神经传导功能,从而改善DPN患者的临床症状。     

多功能充气式介入术后上肢垫的设计与应用

经桡动脉行冠状动脉造影(CAG)术后使用弹力绷带进行加压止血,患者手腕经常出现肿胀、疼痛、麻木等症状,而使用上肢垫抬高肢体有利于促进静脉回流,减轻症状,但是,临床以往使用的上肢垫存在种种弊端,无法满足使用需求。该研究设计了一种多功能充气式介入术后上肢垫,用于经桡动脉行CAG术后抬高、制动、冷敷术肢,可以缓解术肢肿胀、疼痛,减少皮下出血,提高患者的舒适度。