Protective effects of Lepidium draba L. leaves extract on testis histopathology,oxidative stress indicators,serum reproductive hormones and inflammatory signalling in oxymetholone-treated rat

This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of Lepidium draba L. (L. draba) extract on oxymetholone (OM)-induced testicular injury in rat. Six groups of n = 5 adult male rats were used as; 1: control, 2: OM (5 mg/kg OM orally), 3, 4 and 5: L. draba extract (100, 200 and 400 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹) +OM (5 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ OM) and 6:400 mg/kg/d L. draba extract for 30 days. Serum testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β), oxidative stress (OS) indicators [superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide (NO)], apoptotic related genes (Bcl-2, p53, caspase-3 (c3) and Bax) were investigated. OM significantly increased the serum levels of T, proinflammatory cytokines and pro-apoptotic genes expression. Also, it decreased LH and FSH, sperm viability, count and motility. L. draba extract especially could markedly normalise the serum levels of LH and FSH, and T, restore serum antioxidant enzymes and suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines. Also, germ cells apoptosis was inhibited against via downregulating the p53, c3, Bax and upregulating Bcl-2. It concluded that L. draba extract could protect the function and structure of testis against OM-induced testicular toxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.     

玛咖醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌激素及血脂水平的影响

目的:研究南美植物玛咖的醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌激素以及血脂水平的影响.方法:采用双侧卵巢切除术制备去卵巢大鼠模型,造模2周后大鼠灌胃给予玛咖醇提取物,剂量以干粉计分别为1.25和0.5 g·kg-1,qd,连续给药7个月.同时设假手术组、去卵巢模型组(均给予等体积的0.1%聚山梨酯'80)和阳性对照组(给予己烯雌酚0.05 mg·kg-1,隔日一次,连续灌胃7个月).给药3和7个月末测定大鼠血清内分泌激素雌二醇(E2)、睾丸酮(T)和卵泡刺激素(FSH)以及血脂水平.结果:与模型组比较,给药7个月后玛咖醇提取物高、低剂量组的血清FSH均显著降低(P<0.01),低剂量组的大鼠血清E2水平显著升高(P<0.01),但血清T值无显著改变.玛咖醇提取物对血清胆固醇水平具有一定的降低作用,血清三酰甘油在治疗中期呈现上升趋势,而在治疗末期又恢复正常.结论:玛咖醇提取物对去卵巢大鼠内分泌失调具有一定的改善作用.     

丽江产玛咖中的1个新玛咖酰胺

目的研究产自丽江的玛咖Lepidium meyenii的干燥根茎的化学成分和生物活性。方法样品经90%乙醇水提取后,再经硅胶柱、微孔树脂(MCI)和高效液相色谱法等方法分离有效成分,通过核磁共振技术(包括二维核磁HSQC、HMBC和COSY)进行结构鉴定,采用MTT法对新化合物进行抗肿瘤活性测试。结果从玛咖根中分离得到3个玛咖酰胺类化合物,分别鉴定为N-(3,4-二甲氧基苄基)十六碳-9Z-烯酰胺(1)、N-苄基-13-酮基-9E,11E-十八碳二烯酰胺(2)和N-(3,4-二甲氧基苄基)-十六碳酰胺(3)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为玛咖新胺A;该化合物对人5种癌细胞(NB4、A549、SHSY5Y、PC3、MCF7)没有明显细胞毒活性。     

独行菜幼苗叶片乙酰CoA酰基转移酶基因克隆、序列分析与原核表达

目的:研究独行菜强心苷生物合成途径的相关基因,从独行菜幼苗叶片中克隆强心苷生物合成途径关键酶乙酰CoA酰基转移酶(acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase,AACT)基因,进行序列分析和原核表达。方法:根据独行菜转录组数据中LaAACT基因序列设计特异性引物,克隆得到LaAACT基因的cDNA序列,构建pET-32a-LaAACT原核表达载体,诱导表达LaAACT重组蛋白。结果:LaAACT基因ORF全长为1 212 bp,编码403个氨基酸。序列分析结果显示LaAACT蛋白没有跨膜区,不含信号肽,位于细胞质中,含有硫解酶家族保守结构域。系统进化结果显示LaAACT蛋白与十字花科植物的AACT蛋白亲缘关系较近。通过IPTG诱导,在大肠埃希菌中成功表达LaAACT重组蛋白,并得到了纯化的LaAACT重组蛋白。结论:首次从独行菜幼苗叶片中克隆了LaAACT基因,建立其稳定的原核表达体系,为LaAACT蛋白抗体的制备,进一步研究LaAACT基因在独行菜强心苷生物合成途径中的功能奠定了基础。     

Severe ocular injury and its management following self induced plant extracts: A case report

IntroductionHomemade and folk remedies’ use is widely practiced in under developed countries, of the used materials are plant extracts, lemon juice and some dried insect bodies.Case presentationWe report a case of severe ocular injury and its management after self administered plants seeds in both the eyes of a 47-year-old man who had bilateral severe ocular damage after he put the seeds of a plant Lepidium Sativum (Rashad) in his eyes. He reported severe ocular pain and redness, conjunctival epithelial defect and symblepharon. A conjunctival biopsy was taken which turned out to be negative for the immunological staining studies for Ocular Cicatricial Pemphegoid (OCP). The patient’s visual acuity improved from 20/40 before treatment to 20/25 after treatment with no further sequelae after 3 months follow-up.ConclusionsSelf induced plant extracts can cause ocular complications. Public awareness is necessary to help in discouraging the use of these harmful plant extracts in human eyes.     

新疆产三种独行菜的生药学研究

本文对新疆产三种独行菜属植物:栽培独行菜(Lepidium sativum)、抱茎独行菜(L.perfoliatum)及独行菜(L.apetalum)进行了原植物、药材性状、解剖结构、理化鉴别的比较研究。     

北葶苈子中木脂素类化学成分研究

目的研究北葶苈子Lepidium apetalum的化学成分。方法采用Diaion HP-20、Toyopearl HW-40、MCI Gel CHP-20、ODS、硅胶、半制备液相等柱色谱技术进行分离,经波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从北葶苈子水提物中分离得到9个木脂素类化合物,分别鉴定为北葶新木脂素A(1)、北葶新木脂素B(2)、erythro-1-(4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1,3-propanediol(3)、(7R,7′E,8S)-4,9-dihydroxy-3,3′,5-trimethoxy-4′,7-epoxy-8,5′-neolign-7′-en-9′-oic acid(4)、spicatolignan B(5)、松脂醇-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、异落叶松脂素(7)、aegineoside(8)、丁香脂素-4′-O-β-D-单葡糖苷(9)。结论化合物1、2为新化合物,命名为北葶新木脂素A和B,化合物3~9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

不同pH值水体对独行菜种子黏粘库蚊幼虫的影响

应用生物防制技术，在独行菜种子与库蚊幼虫数目的一定比例，但在不同ｐＨ值水体的条件下，观察该种子对库蚊幼虫黏粘的程度。实验结果表明，水体在不同ｐＨ值时对独行菜种子黏粘库蚊幼虫有不同的影响，偏酸、偏碱都导致黏粘数目的减少，而中性条件下黏粘数目最多；本实验还发现在同一龄期库蚊幼虫之间，不同ｐＨ值对其黏粘效果亦有显著的影响。     

葶苈子黄酮对血小板激活因子的拮抗作用

目的研究葶苈子黄酮对血小板激活因子(PAF)诱导的家兔中性粒细胞(PMN)和洗涤家兔血小板(WRP)的聚集及黏附作用的影响。方法比浊法观察PAF诱导的PMN(或WRP)聚集;PAF诱导已着色PMN(或WRP)黏附,比色法测定此PMN(或WRP)破膜后溶液吸光度,表示其黏附活性。结果葶苈子黄酮可明显抑制PAF诱导的PMN和WRP聚集及黏附活性的升高(P<0.05)。结论葶苈子黄酮具有拮抗PAF的作用。