湖北省血吸虫病流行区初中学生血防知识抽样调查

目的 目的 了解湖北省不同血吸虫病流行程度地区初中学生血防知识状况。方法 方法 在湖北省血吸虫病传播控制和 疫情控制地区, 随机整群抽取初中学生进行血防知识问卷调查。结果 结果 调查3 204名中学生, 血防知识知晓率为65.1%～ 90.3%。疫情控制地区初中学生的各项知识知晓率均高于传播控制地区 （P均＜0.05）。学生血防知识主要来源为老师、 家 人、 医务人员。结论 结论 学生血防健康教育应针对不同流行程度采取不同方式。     

Evaluating knowledge about human papillomavirus infection among Brazilian health professionals

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Although two safe and clinically effective vaccines against HPV have been developed, they are not available to the public health network in Brazil. This study was performed to assess knowledge about HPV among seventy-nine professionals who completed a questionnaire about diagnosis, transmission, symptoms, prevention and general information. General knowledge about HPV was high, as most of them recognized that HPV is transmitted sexually (98.7%), the disease can be asymptomatic (82.3%) or warts can be present on the genitals (84.8 ) and the Pap smear is the screening method to identify cellular changes on the cervix (88.6%). However, many professionals did not know that there are now vaccines available for many HPV variants (38.0%) and that not all of them are oncogenic (44.3%). These data show that further educational programs, especially about HPV prevention, are needed in Brazil.     

Knowledge of colorectal cancer among patients presenting with rectal bleeding and its association with delay in seeking medical advice

Background: Knowledge is believed to be a driving factor for patients’ early presentation for healthcare. This study was conducted to assess knowledge of colorectal cancer among subjects presenting with rectal bleeding and to determine its association with late presentation. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 80 patients with rectal bleeding, aged 40 and above, was conducted between December 2008 and June 2009 in the endoscopy unit, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. The research instruments used in this study was a self-administered questionnaire including data on duration of rectal bleeding, first medical consultation and knowledge of colorectal cancer. Results: Sixty percent of subjects with rectal bleeding delayed seeking medical advice. Subjects were more aware of symptoms of non-colorectal cancers compared to symptoms of colorectal cancer. The majority of subjects (63.8%) correctly identified rectal bleeding as a symptom but were not aware of the best screening method to detect colorectal cancer. Half of the subjects knew increasing age and genetic background to be risk factors for colorectal carcinoma. However, knowledge of colorectal cancer was not found to be significantly associated with delay in seeking help. Conclusion: Findings indicate poor awareness of colorectal cancer among the subjects. Although public education of colorectal cancer is important for early presentation on rectal bleeding, further studies are advocated to evaluate other factors influencing patients’ help seeking behavior other than knowledge.     

Knowledge and attitude of colorectal cancer screening among moderate risk patients in West Malaysia

Colorectal cancer is the commonest cancer among males and the third commonest cancer among women in Malaysia. However, almost 80% of patients sought treatment for cancer only when they were already in late stage due to lack of awareness. Hence, the objectives of this study were to determine the knowledge and attitude of colorectal cancer screening among moderate risk patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2009 till April 2010 in 44 health clinics with Family Medicine Specialists in West Malaysia. Stratified multistage random sampling was applied and a validated Malay version of the questionnaire with the Cronbach' alpha of 0.65 to 0.82 was used. Data were entered using SPSS 12.0 and analysed with STATA 8.0. A total of 1,905 (93.8%) patients responded. The mean (SD) knowledge and attitude score among moderate risk patients were 69.5 (6.11%) and 66.5 (7.07%), whereas, the percentages for good knowledge and attitude were 4.1% and 3.3% respectively. Less than 1% had undergone colorectal cancer screening and the main reasons were not bothered, busy and embarrassment. The majority of patients who had moderate risk for colorectal cancer had extremely low knowledge and attitude towards colorectal cancer screening. As a result, the majority did not undergo any form of colorectal cancer screening.     

Face up to challenge of virology world

Welcome to the World Journal of Virology (WJV), a new member of the World Journal Series. The World Journal Series was first launched as a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering aspects of research, diagnostics and clinical practice in biomedicine in 1995. WJV is an online and open-access peer-reviewed periodical focusing on virology. WJV covers a variety of topics in different areas of virology, including advances in basic research, updates in nomenclature, the development of novel diagnostic assays, the epidemiology of viral disorders and, new developments in the clinical management of viral diseases, including new vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. The purpose in launching the WJV is to promote knowledge exchange related to the classic human viruses as well as newly emerging viruses and their associated clinical disorders. Continually updating knowledge in a timely manner in this field where information related to the unceasing evolution of viruses is becoming available at a rapid pace is challenging. Thanks to the World-Wide-Web we are able to provide a podium for all authors and readers of WJV to address this challenge. I would like to acknowledge the Baishideng publisher, the members of the editorial board, and all contributing authors involved in this inaugural issue of the WJV. I sincerely hope all readers, i.e. future contributing authors, will like WJV and we look forward to your input in assisting WJV to grow and mature.     

深圳市福田区小型印刷企业负责人职业卫生知识态度行为调查

目的了解深圳市福田区小型印刷企业负责人职业卫生知识、态度和企业职业卫生行为现状,探索促进企业开展职业病防治工作的有效措施。方法采用随机抽样的方法,对福田辖区86名小型印刷企业负责人进行横断面问卷调查。结果被调查对象知识得分,在文化程度、近3年内是否参加过职业卫生知识培训、近3年内被卫生监督次数组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);态度和行为得分,在近3年内是否参加过职业卫生培训、近3年内被卫生监督次数组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。影响企业负责人知识的因素依次为近3年内被监督次数、文化程度、近3年内是否参加过职业卫生培训,影响企业负责人态度和行为的因素依次为近3年内被监督次数、近3年内是否参加过职业卫生培训。结论深圳市福田区小型印刷企业负责人知识水平不高,对职业病防治工作不够重视,加强对小型印刷企业的职业卫生监督、职业卫生培训是行之有效的干预措施,同时对低文化水平的负责人要加强干预。     

Awareness and knowledge of oral cancer among university students in Malaysia

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of oral cancer and its associated factorsamong university students in Malaysia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 universitystudents in Malaysia. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect data. It included questions on sociodemographicdata, awareness and knowledge of oral cancer. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 21.5±2.5and the age ranged from 18 to 27 years. The majority of the respondents were aware of oral cancer (92.0%)and recognized the followings as signs and symptoms of oral cancer: ulcer and oral bleeding (71.0%), followedby swelling (61.5%). A satisfactory knowledge was observed on the following risk factors; smoking (95.5%),poor oral hygiene (90.5%), family history (90.0%), alcohol (84.5%) and poor fitting dentures (83.0%). However,unsatisfactory knowledge was observed about hot/spicy food (46.5%), obesity (36.0%), old age (31.5%), dietaryfactor (29.0%) and smokeless tobacco (25.5%). Knowledge of oral cancer was associated significantly with age(p<0.01), year of study (p<0.01) and course of study (p<0.01). Conclusion: Instead of satisfactory awarenessand knowledge of oral cancer and its clinical presentations, inadequate knowledge was observed about its riskfactors. There is a need to introduce oral cancer education among university students.     

高校图书馆与大学生知识产权素养教育

阐述了知识产权素养教育的目的、内容、现状及层次,分析了高校图书馆开展知识产权素养教育的可行性,并提出了开展大学生知识产权素养教育的策略。