分娩时子宫下段MMP-9及其组织抑制剂TIMP-1的变化

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)及其组织抑制剂(TIMP)在分娩发动、宫颈成熟和扩张中的作用和机制.方法:采用ELISA方法测定子宫下段组织中MMP-9和TIMP-1的浓度.有宫缩剖宫产组56例,其中第一产程组44例,第二产程组12例.以无宫缩剖宫产组16例为对照组.结果:有宫缩剖宫产组子宫下段组织中MMP-9和TIMP-1的浓度分别明显高于无宫缩剖宫产组(P<0.05,P<0.05).第一产程组中随宫口开大,MMP-9和TIMP-1的浓度各组间无显著性差异.第二产程组MMP-9和TIMP-1的浓度分别明显高于第一产程组(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论:MMPs和TIMPs的动态变化是分娩发动、宫颈成熟和扩张过程中的重要中间环节.     

术后恶心呕吐的危险因素分析及防治

恶心呕吐是术后常见的并发症，而且可引起切口裂开、吸入性肺炎、水电解质紊乱等严重后果。近年来，虽然对术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的发生机制进行了大量的研究，也出现了很多新型的抗呕吐药，但PONV发生率依然较高。PONV的治疗可分为非药物疗法和药物疗法，作者对药物疗法进行综述。     

介入栓塞术在头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血中的应用

目的:探讨介入栓塞术治疗头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血的临床应用价值。方法 :对 6例头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血患者采用数字减影血管造影技术 (DSA)对颈外动脉分支进行介入栓塞治疗。结果:6例病例在DSA下均显示出血血管 ,栓塞后出血停止 ,临床效果满意。 结论:DSA下介入栓塞止血对头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血是一种较为理想的治疗手段 ,操作简便、安全。     

电针对糖尿病大鼠学习记忆的影响

目的：探讨电针对糖尿病所致学习记忆损害的防治作用。方法：采用四氧嘧啶腹腔注射法制备糖尿病大鼠模型，观察电针6周后糖尿病大鼠血糖、体重的变化，并用Morris水迷宫法观察电针对糖尿病大鼠学习记忆的影响。结果：（1）治疗后电针组与模型组的体重均明显低于正常组，电针组体重明显高于模型组（P＜0．05）；（2）电针组治疗前后血糖差异非常显（P＜0．01），但仍然高于正常组（P＜0．01）；（3）模型组的逃避潜伏期较正常组明显延长，P＜0．01。电针组的逃避潜伏期较模型组明显缩短，P＜0．05，与正常组比较，其逃避潜伏期仍较长，但两之间差异无显性，P＞0．05。与正常组比较，模型组大鼠每天的逃避潜伏期均较正常组延长，差异有显意义，P＜0．05或P＜0．01。与模型组比较，电针组第1、2、4、5天的每天逃避潜伏期均较模型组明显缩短，P＜0．05或P＜0．01；电针组第3天的逃避潜伏期较模型组有所缩短，但差异无显意义，P＞0．05。与正常组比较，电针组大鼠每天逃避潜伏期均较正常组延长，但差异无显意义，P＞0．05。结论：（1）电针能够降低糖尿病大鼠血糖并增加其体重。（2）电针能够改善糖尿病大鼠的学习记忆能力。     

Immunoglobulin G4 antibodies to rat urinary allergens, sensitization and symptomatic allergy in laboratory animal workers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We have previously reported that high rat urinary allergen (RUA) exposure was not associated with increased risk of rat allergy in long-term-exposed laboratory animal (LA) workers. We aimed to assess whether strong allergen-specific IgG4 responses could explain the absence of a dose response in these subjects. We investigated whether IgG4 was associated with allergen exposure and prevalence of sensitization or respiratory symptoms to rats. The longitudinal relation between IgG4 and rat allergy was studied using data obtained during 2 years of follow-up. METHODS: Five hundred and twenty-nine LA workers answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and occupational history and participated in skin prick testing. Blood samples were analysed for specific IgG4 and IgE to RUA. Exposure to RUA was estimated based on personal air samples. The relation between IgG4 and newly occurring sensitization or rat allergy was studied in workers who were not sensitized or did not report respiratory symptoms to rats. RESULTS: IgG4 titres were higher in atopic than in non-atopic subjects, and increased with higher allergen exposure. Titres were highest in subjects who were sensitized and reported respiratory symptoms to rats when compared with those who were not (geometric mean [geometric standard deviation] = 202 [5.7] vs. 8.4 [18.3] AU). The association between IgG4 and sensitization or symptomatic rat allergy was independent of estimated allergen exposure. IgG4 was a strong predictor of newly occurring sensitization and symptomatic rat allergy during follow-up in atopic and rat-sensitized subjects. CONCLUSION: High exposure to RUA is associated with a strong allergen-specific IgG4 antibody response. High anti-RUA IgG4 is a strong predictor of prevalent and incident sensitization and symptomatic rat allergy in atopic and rat-sensitized subjects. IgG4 can therefore not explain the absence of a dose response between allergen exposure and allergy in long-term-exposed workers. We consider anti-RUA IgG4 to be a marker that combines aspects of exposure and susceptibility.     

高校科技创新工作的若干问题及对策

我国高等学校的科技队伍不断发展和壮大 ,在我国的科技事业发展中具有举足轻重的地位 ,高等学校的科技创新对推进我国国家创新体系的建设起着越来越重要的作用。但高校科学研究工作中存在一些困难和问题 ,必须采用改革现行管理体制和运行机制等对策予以解决     

Removing the effect of SVD algorithmic artifacts present in quantitative MR perfusion studies.

Quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) values can be obtained from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MR perfusion studies using the standard singular value decomposition (sSVD) deconvolution algorithm. Reports in the literature from simulation and in vivo studies suggest that CBF estimates obtained using sSVD deconvolution depend on the arterial-tissue delay (ATD). By contrast, Fourier transform (FT) deconvolution produces CBF estimates that are independent of ATD. The diagnostic reliability of quantitative CBF measurements to define areas of normal tissue flow and tissue at risk is brought into doubt by such gross sensitivity to the specifics of the deconvolution approach. This variation of CBF values with ATD is shown to be an artifact associated with the current implementation of the sSVD deconvolution algorithm. A reformulated version of the SVD deconvolution algorithm (rSVD) is presented and compared to the standard SVD algorithm through simulation and patient case studies.     

不同湿热环境下颅脑火器伤死亡因素分析

目的　研究高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤后生命体征变化特点及死亡因素。　方法　杂种猫 3 2只随机分为 4组 ,火器伤后分别放入A (2 5℃、相对湿度 50 % )、B (3 5℃、相对湿度85% )、C(3 8℃、相对湿度 90 % )、D(40℃、相对湿度 95% )四种环境中。每隔 10min记录一次血压、脉搏、呼吸频率及体温 ,到 6h时结束实验。　结果　常温枪伤组实验过程中生命体征稳定 ,随着温度及湿度的增加 ,各组动物相同时相点的体温、呼吸及心率均明显不同 (P <0 .0 5)。A组、B组动物在伤后 6h内均无死亡。C组 1.5h开始死亡 ,至 5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 3 .4h。D组 0 .5h开始死亡 ,至 2 .5h动物全部死亡 ,平均生存时间为 2 .0h。　结论　高温高湿环境对颅脑火器伤时的生命体征变化和死亡率影响显著     

1515例精神科住院患者医院感染调查与分析

目的：了解精神科住院患者医院感染情况，以利采取切实可行的预防控制措施，降低感染率。方法：对我院两年半间住院患者进行有关医院感染的调查，逐份查阅原始记录，填写统一表格，将所得资料进行相关分析。结果：医院感染72例，感染率为4．75％；感染多发生在20～29岁和30—39岁组：精神分裂症为医院感染例数最多的病种(占68．06％)；皮肤及软组织和下呼吸道感染为主要感染部位，分别为23．61％和22．22％；男女两性在年龄和病程方面差异均无显著性。结论：预防及控制精神病患者的医院感染应从病人初入院时即开始；在积极控制精神症状的同时，采取多方面措施，尽可能去除医院感染的易感因素；合理规范使用抗生素，增强患者体质等，这些均有助于预防及控制医院感染。