Fatty acid balance studies in term infants fed formula milk containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP) are thought to be required for optimal nervous system development in the newborn. A commercial milk formula containing LCP (Aptamil-LCP) with a fatty acid profile closely resembling breast milk, has recently been introduced for term infants. The absorption of fatty acids in term infants was examined in a double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing Aptamil-LCP ( n = 20) and standard Aptamil ( n = 20). Formula-fed newborn infants were studied from birth for 14 d. Fat balances (3 d) were performed from d 10. A 3-d stool collection was performed from d 10 in a parallel breastfed group ( n = 21). Plasma samples were taken on d 6. Median fat excretion (mg kg⁻¹) was 897.1, 615.0 and 355.2 with Aptamil, Aptamil-LCP and breastfeeding, respectively. The median total fat absorption coefficient in Aptamil-LCP-fed infants was higher than in those fed standard Aptamil ( p < 0:01). These findings were accounted for by differences in the excretion and absorption of long-chain saturated fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0). Higher fat excretion was associated with bulkier and firmer stools. Only trace amounts of LCP were detected in the stools of all groups. This accounted for less than 4% of dietary intake in Aptamil-LCP-fed infants. No differences in the utilization of LCP from Aptamil-LCP and breast milk feeding were apparent. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition data reflected differences in dietary LCP intake. Thus, PL LCP levels were highest in the breastfed infants and lowest in the Aptamil-fed infants, with values for the Aptamil-LCP-fed group falling in between.     

鹿角方对实验性心力衰竭兔血流动力学的影响

采用腹主动脉半结扎术复制家兔慢性心衰模型，发现术后１２ｄ其心脏重量指数增加，心脏舒张、收缩功能降低，与假手术组和正常对照组相比，差异显著。给心衰兔喂服鹿角方，可显著改善其心脏收缩功能，但对舒张功能无明显作用     

精制芎归缓释滴丸的制备

目的:筛选水溶性和水不溶性载体的种类、配比,研究缓释滴丸剂的成型处方。方法:以圆整度、硬度、料液的黏度、流动性、易滴制程度、累计释放百分数等为考察指标,采用正交设计试验对精制芎归缓释滴丸的成型处方进行优选。结果与结论:按照选定的处方既能有一定的速释量,还能保证10h持续释药80%以上,达到了释药设计目的。     

补肾活血方治疗多囊卵巢综合征105例

采用补肾活血方治疗多囊卵巢综合征105例,痊愈72例,有效23例,无效10例,妊娠52例,总有效率90．48％。     

补肾益气方对流产大鼠胎盘孕酮生成通路的影响

目的:探讨补肾益气方对流产大鼠胎盘孕酮生成通路中相关重要上游因素低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)、细胞色素P450链裂解酶(P450scc)、3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3β-HSD)的影响及其与孕酮(P)分泌的关系。方法:溴隐亭皮内注射法建立流产大鼠模型,分别于孕1-8 d、1-11 d灌服补肾益气方药,黄体酮肌注作为阳性对照组,采用放免法测定大鼠血清P水平;RT-PCR技术检测LDLR、P450scc、3β-HSD在不同组动物胎盘中的mRNA表达。结果:模型组LDLR、P450scc、3β-HSD mRNA表达较正常对照组明显降低;中药组及黄体酮组不同程度提高模型大鼠胎盘LDLR、P450scc、3β-HSD mRNA表达,表达强度随孕天和给药时间逐渐升高,与血P有显著相关性。结论:补肾益气方清热益气、固肾安胎,能调控胎盘滋养细胞LDLR、P450scc、3β-HSD基因表达,促进孕激素合成分泌增加,从而达到保胎维持妊娠的目的。     

不同配伍比例芍药甘草汤对痛经大鼠子宫组织内皮素和一氧化氮的影响

目的探讨不同配伍比例的芍药甘草汤治疗原发性痛经镇痛作用机制.方法采用催产素所致大鼠子宫剧烈收缩作为痛经症模型,以阿司匹林作对照,分别测定子宫内皮素(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)的变化.结果芍药甘草汤不同配伍比例能明显抑制催产素诱发大鼠扭体反应次数(P＜0.01),具有镇痛作用;模型组大鼠子宫NO的含量降低.与正常组比较差异显著(P＜0.01);经芍药甘草汤不同配伍比例治疗后,子宫组织ET-1含量降低,而NO含量有所升高,与模型组比较差异显著(P＜0.01);芍药甘草汤不同配伍比例治疗中,3:1组与1:1、2:1、阿司匹林组比较差异显著(P＜0.01).结论提示芍药甘草汤能对抗催产素所致的大鼠扭体反应,其临床治疗痛经症的作用可能与调节子宫组织中ET-1、NO活性有关,且芍药与甘草比例为3:1时镇痛作用可能较佳.     

复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂的研制

目的研制高效驱避剂.方法在实验室筛选最佳配方,然后在野外进行效果评价.结果涂擦复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂后,在14 h内对蚊的驱避率为100%;10 h内对蠓的驱避率为100%,11h后为92.8%,14 h后为82.6%.结论复方桉叶油素缓释驱避剂对吸血昆虫具有很好的驱避效果.     

金实教授中医药治疗系统性红斑狼疮伴中枢神经损害的临床经验

金实教授认为,系统性红斑狼疮伴中枢神经损害癫痫发作病理因素以风、痰、瘀、毒为主,常用经验方定痫汤加减;以发作性头痛为特点的中枢神经损害患者,配合经验方活血定痛汤加减;中枢神经损害症状不严重者,标本同治,以益肾化毒的狼疮方合定痫汤治疗。      

中药配方颗粒的发展现状及国际化对策探讨

近年来,世界各国对天然药物日益重视,而中药配方颗粒既能在中医理论指导下随证加减,又有服用便捷、适宜工业生产等优点,成为推动中药"走出去"的有力助力。通过回顾中药配方颗粒的发展历程、分析相关数据和国内外发展形势,对中药配方颗粒的研究现状、市场情况及国际化发展面临的主要挑战进行探讨,提出利用政府间交往推进中药国际贸易、充分发挥海外资源平台作用、帮助监管部门建立符合中药配方颗粒特点和审批国政策的合理化国际审批方案、争取国际标准主导权的建议,为推动中药配方颗粒产业在世界范围内高质量发展提供参考。