氟伐他汀对糖尿病肾病大鼠足细胞分布及排泄的影响

目的探讨氟伐他汀对DN大鼠足细胞分布及排泄的影响。方法将大鼠分为3组：对照组、DN模型组、氟伐他汀治疗组。腹腔注射链脲菌素（STZ）诱导DN大鼠模型。实验10周末测24小时尿蛋白定量（TP）、血清总胆固醇（TC），间接免疫荧光法检测尿沉渣足细胞特异性标志蛋白podocalyxin（PCX）以检测尿液足细胞（UPC）水平；免疫荧光染色观察肾小球上皮细胞蛋白-1（GLEPP1）的分布。结果DN模型组UPC、TP、TC较对照组均明显升高；氟伐他汀治疗组TC、UPC及TP较DN模型组均降低；对照组GLEPP1正常、DN模型组呈节段性明显缺失、氟伐他汀治疗组缺失较轻。UPC与TP呈正相关，与TC无显著相关性。结论尿液中脱落足细胞检测可作为判断DN病情活动性的标志之一。氟伐他汀可减轻DN大鼠尿蛋白、降低胆固醇、减少足细胞脱落及排泄。     

Inguinal hernia is a common complication in lower midline incision surgery

Inguinal hernia is a known complication after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). We have investigated whether other types of lower midline incision surgery in males increase the risk of inguinal hernia. Male patients operated with open prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia (n = 95), pelvic lymph node dissection for staging of prostate cancer (n = 88), or cystectomy for bladder cancer (n = 76) were identified and were sent questionnaires in which they were asked about postoperative inguinal hernia morbidity. Two-hundred and seventy-one men operated with RRP had previously received a similar questionnaire. The answers were compared with those from a control group of 953 men who had not undergone surgery. Annual attributional hernia morbidity and Kaplan–Meier hernia-free survival were calculated. The cumulative incidence of post-operative inguinal hernia and annual attributional hernia morbidity after the respective surgical procedures were clearly higher during the early years post-operation than for nonoperated patients. Inguinal hernia is a common postoperative complication in males after all the lower midline incision surgery investigated.     

妊高征与眼底视网膜病变的临床探讨

目的 :探讨妊高征患者临床特征与视网膜病变的关系。方法 :观察 2 2 0例妊高征患者的眼底情况。结果 :视网膜病变与水肿关系不密切 ,与平均动脉压、蛋白尿的严重程度、病程及红细胞压积有密切关系 ;有眼底改变者 118例 ,占 5 0 .3%。结论 :眼底镜检查是临床上借以了解视网膜血管的常用方法 ,并可反映妊高征病情的程度 ,为产程处理提供依据     

早期糖尿病视网膜病变的视网膜电图分析

目的 分析早期糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的闪光视网膜电图(F—ERG)和视网膜电图震荡电位(OPs)各参数的变化特点，寻找反映早期DR的敏感指标。方法 对16例(32只眼)正常人进行OPs和F-ERG检测。对27例(53只眼)糖尿病病人进行眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、OPs和F—ERG检测。结果 OPs中Os波幅、O4波幅、OPs总波幅及F-ERG中b波峰潜时较其他指标敏感，其中O4波幅和b波峰潜时为最敏感指标，但均不能反映早期DR的严重程度。结论 OPs的O4波幅和F—ERG的b波峰潜时可作为早期糖尿病视网膜病变诊断的敏感指标。     

亚低温治疗患者鼻饲营养并发症的观察及护理

报道48例亚低温治疗患者采用一次性投给、间歇滴注和连续输注营养膳的方式鼻饲营养，其并发症有：腹泻、腹胀、肠蠕动亢进，便秘，食物反流，吸入性肺炎，代谢紊乱，高血糖，水、电解质失衡，鼻胃管堵塞等。护理中体会到亚低温治疗患者鼻饲营养的时机最好在急性期1～2d后，应用鼻饲泵连续输注，适时使用胃肠动力药西沙比利．掌握营养膳的配制和正确的鼻饲方法，严密观察，发现异常及时处理，可大大降低并发症的发生。     

枸杞果柄对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响

目的 探讨枸杞果柄水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响.方法 制备四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠模型,将其分为降糖灵治疗组、低剂量枸杞果柄治疗组、高剂量枸杞果柄治疗组、模型对照组,另设正常对照组(非糖尿病小鼠).前3组小鼠分别以25 mg·kg-1·d-1降糖灵水溶液、5.0 g·kg-1·d-1枸杞果柄水煎剂、7.5 g·kg-1·d-1枸杞果柄水煎剂灌胃,后2组小鼠均灌服等量的生理盐水.14 d后测定小鼠空腹血糖.结果 给药14 d后降糖灵治疗组、低剂量枸杞果柄治疗组小鼠血糖较治疗前有极显著下降(P<0.01),高剂量枸杞果柄治疗组小鼠血糖较治疗前有显著下降(P<0.05);降糖灵治疗组、不同剂量枸杞果柄治疗组血糖降低平均值与模型对照组、正常对照组血糖变化平均值之间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01).结论 一定剂量的枸杞果柄水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖有降低作用.     

Small Bowel Obstruction Secondary to Intragastric Erosion and Migration of A Gastric Band

We describe what we believe to be the first reported case of intragastric erosion and migration to the jejenum of a laparoscopically inserted gastric band, 3 months after the original bariatric surgery was performed. This had caused ulceration and necrosis of the small bowel as the tension in the port tubing had caused the bowel to become concertinaed over it and resulted in a cheese-wire effect through the jejunal convolutions. As bariatric surgery becomes more common, patients with complications of their procedure may present to the general surgeon as an emergency. We recommend early intervention in patients with gastric erosion.     

胃癌术后膳食纤维和早期肠内营养与消化道并发症的关系

目的探讨胃癌术后膳食纤维和早期肠内营养(EN)与消化道相关并发症的关系。方法采用随机对照的方法,把56例胃癌术后患者随机分成能全素组和能全素加膳食纤维组,经鼻肠管进行早期肠内营养(EN),观察两组EN常见消化道并发症的发生情况。结果两组患者在临床资料方面具有可比性(P>0.05)。两组患者的术后腹胀、腹泻的发生率相似,均P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。1例能全素加膳食纤维组患者因吻合口水肿、输入袢不完全性梗阻而发生恶心、呕吐,其余患者均未发生恶心和呕吐。结论胃癌术后的早期膳食纤维EN并不增加EN消化道并发症的发生率。     

改良开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症

目的探讨巨大良性前列腺增生症的开放性手术治疗方法及效果。方法回顾分析16例巨大良性前列腺增生症,年龄61~88岁,平均74岁。作耻骨上经膀胱前列腺切除术。结果手术均成功;手术时间35~65min,出血量100~200mL,术后前列腺重量为200~520g,平均215g;膀胱冲洗2~3d,拔导尿管5~7d;术后3d再出血1例,经DSA同侧髂内血管栓塞止血成功,排尿困难1例,短期尿失禁1例,其余患者术后均排尿通畅,控尿良好。结论开放性手术治疗巨大良性前列腺增生症,其梗阻解除彻底,是一种合理的治疗方法。恰当的手术方法是提高疗效及降低并发症的关键。     

小儿腮腺炎并发中枢神经系统感染52例临床分析

目的:探讨小儿腮腺炎并发中枢神经系统感染的临床特点.方法:对52例小儿腮腺炎并发中枢神经系统感染的临床资料进行回顾性总结分析.结果:3～7月份为小儿腮腺炎并发中枢神经系统感染的发病高峰季节(92.31%).发病年龄以6～12岁为主(82.69%),多发生于腮腺肿痛3天以上伴有持续发热者(78.85%),少数患者同时有其它脏器的损害,一般治疗疗效较好.结论:腮腺炎极易并发中枢神经系统感染,年长儿发生率高,应推广接种流腮活疫苗降低发病率.