深部脓肿合并糖尿病患者外科治疗效果分析

目的:探讨B超引导下脓肿穿刺联合切开引流术治疗糖尿病合并深部脓肿与单一方式治疗的疗效差别。方法:将 48 例经B超或CT检查确诊为深部脓肿的患者分为超声引导穿刺引流组（穿刺组）、手术切开引流组( 切开组)以及穿刺联合切开引流组（联合组）,比较3组的切口长度、住院时间、脓肿愈合情况及复发情况等。结果:采用穿刺引流联合切开引流患者术后较另外两组患者术后脓腔愈合时间更短,术后1年复发率较穿刺组低,住院时间及切口长度较切开组短,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:对于深部脓肿,将脓肿穿刺引流后再行切开引流效果优于两种中任何一种单一治疗方法,能达到较好的治疗效果,在临床上可用于更好的治疗深部脓肿。     

原位再生医疗技术治疗肛肠疾病术后创面疼痛的疗效分析

目的探讨原位再生医疗技术治疗肛肠疾病术后创面疼痛的临床疗效。方法将2015年1月—2016年12月清镇市中医院普外科收治的161例肛肠疾病患者随机分为试验组(82例)与对照组(79例),试验组患者术后创面应用湿润烧伤膏治疗,对照组患者术后创面应用马应龙麝香痔疮膏治疗,对比观察两组患者的创面疼痛情况及住院时间。结果试验组患者住院时间为(6.11±2.13)d,使用盐酸哌替啶止痛者(即严重疼痛者)4例,使用盐酸曲马多止痛者(即重度疼痛者)6例,使用氯诺昔康止痛者(即中度疼痛者)16例,未使用镇痛药物者(即无疼痛或轻度疼痛者)56例;对照组患者住院时间为(8.36±2.26)d,使用盐酸哌替啶止痛者(即严重疼痛者)54例,使用盐酸曲马多止痛者(即重度疼痛者)16例,使用氯诺昔康止痛者(即中度疼痛者)9例,未使用镇痛药物者(即无疼痛或轻度疼痛者)0例。两组患者住院时间及镇痛药物使用情况对比,P均0.01,差异具有统计学意义。结论原位再生医疗技术治疗肛肠疾病术后创面,可有效缓解术后创面疼痛,促进创面愈合,缩短患者住院时间,值得临床推广应用。     

输卵管卵巢脓肿影像学表现及误诊分析

目的：总结输卵管卵巢脓肿的影像学表现,探讨该病影像学诊断价值并分析误诊原因。方法回顾性分析13例术后病理确诊或临床确诊输卵管卵巢脓肿影像学资料,4例行 CT 平扫,9例行 MRI 平扫及增强(其中5例同时行超声检查),并与病理结果对照。结果10例表现为附件区腊肠样病变(其中1例超声误诊为肠梗阻),CT 平扫呈均匀低密度影,MRI 平扫呈长/短 T1长T2信号、部分可见液-液平面形成,增强扫描脓肿壁轻度增厚并明显均匀强化,所有患者表现不同程度腹腔、盆腔积液及周围筋膜增厚;3例表现为单侧附件区厚壁多房囊实性包块(其中2例术前误诊为卵巢肿瘤性病变),增强扫描表现为厚壁及分隔明显强化。结论CT 及 MRI 对腊肠样表现的输卵管卵巢脓肿诊断的特异性及敏感性较高,多能做出定性诊断,对囊实性病灶能清楚显示,但定性诊断困难,误诊率较高。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并感染32例临床分析

目的:探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并感染的临床特点及诊治策略。方法:回顾性研究2000年1月至2016年1月在北京协和医院住院且经手术病理证实为卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并感染的32例患者,分析其临床特点、诊治经过及预后。结果:56.3%(18/32)的患者同时表现出发热、腹痛及盆腔包块。3例(9.4%)重症患者出现感染性休克。术前正确诊断率12.5%(4/32)。腹腔镜手术组较开腹手术组手术时间短、术中出血量少、术后肛门排气时间短(P0.05);急诊手术组和择期手术组患者手术过程及术后恢复差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访率71.9%(23/32),中位随访时间72月(7~191月)。1例患者术后8月盆腔脓肿复发,复发后保守治疗成功;3例患者术后6~12月卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿复发。7例不孕患者,2例体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠至活产。结论:卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿合并感染半数以上患者可同时出现发热、腹痛及盆腔包块,严重者甚至出现感染性休克。术前诊断率低。手术是主要治疗方式,腹腔镜手术有一定的优势,必要时应行急诊手术。     

Abcès de la rate : du diagnostic au traitement

Splenic abscess is septic collection which occurs after haematogenous spread or local dissemination. Splenic abscess is an uncommon and rare condition, more frequently affecting male and immunocompromised patients. There are no guidelines regarding its diagnosis and management. Computed tomography (CT) scan is highly sensitive and specific (95% and 92%, respectively) in the diagnosis of splenic abscess. Diagnosis is based on blood cultures which are positive in 24 to 80% of cases. Bacterial growth culture of abscess after drainage is more efficient (50?80%) and can be performed after surgery or percutaneous drainage under imaging, including CT scan. Microorganisms involved are frequently enterobacteriaceae, gram-positive cocci and anaerobes. This particular ecology leads to an empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, with a variable duration, from 10days to more than one month. Management remains very close to the one applied in case of liver abscesses. The role of splenectomy in the prevention of recurrence remains controversial. We reviewed the literature regarding splenic abscesses, from diagnosis to therapy.     

食管异物治疗20年经验分析

目的 分析食管异物的临床特征、诊断方法、治疗及预后,总结严重并发症原因。方法 1993至2012年治疗食管异物415例,术前均行胸部透视或者上消化道钡餐透视检查,继后采用气管插管全麻,行食管镜检查异物取出术412例,经开胸异物取出术后转胸外科治疗3例。结果 该组病例并发食管黏膜损伤206例,并发食管穿孔48例,纵膈脓肿3例。415例患者均治愈出院,无死亡病例。结论 食管异物是耳鼻咽喉科常见急诊之一,具有腐蚀性的新型异物有增多趋势,若不及时处理易出现并发症, 甚至危及生命。食管镜检查异物取出术是治疗食管异物的有效方法。     

Effects of induced periapical abscesses on rat pregnancy outcomes

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of induced periapical abscesses on pregnant rats.

Design

In 1/2 of the animals (n = 16), the pulps of the maxillary right molars were exposed to the oral environment, which resulted in a periapical abscess. The other 1/2 (n = 16) were sham-operated. 1/2 of the animals of both groups became pregnant 2 weeks later. The pregnancy duration, and weight and number of pups were assessed at delivery. Serum, liver and uterine horn samples were taken from all animals at euthanasia and serum IL-6, endothelin-1, TNF-α, IL-10, cortisol and insulin were determined by ELISA. Liver concentrations of IL-6, CRP and IL-6 and uterine horn concentrations of IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-1-β were assessed by ELISA. Blood glucose concentrations were determined using a glucometer. Outcome variables were compared by factorial ANOVA, a post hoc Tukey test, and Pearson’s correlation test.

Results

Pregnant rats with periapical abscesses had a significantly longer pregnancy and delivered pups with a significantly higher birthweight (p < 0.05). They had significantly higher concentrations of IL-6, VEGF, IL-1-β, and IL-10 within the uterine horn and IL-6, CRP and TNF-α within the liver (p < 0.01). Blood glucose and serum TNF-α, IL-6, endothelin-1, IL-10, and insulin concentrations were significantly higher in the pregnant animals with pulpal abscesses (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The significant increase in serum TNF-α, taken together with significant increases in blood glucose and serum insulin concentrations, suggest that animals with induced periapical abscesses developed insulin resistance, which significantly affected their pregnancy outcomes.     

In vitro evaluation of microbiological flora of orofacial infections

Objective  

To assess the most common micro-organisms causing odontogenic infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility.     

糖尿病病人合并细菌性肝脓肿的临床特点(附42例报告)

目的　总结糖尿病病人合并细菌性肝脓肿的临床特点和治疗经验。方法　回顾性分析 42例糖尿病病人合并细菌性肝脓肿临床资料,并与同期收治非糖尿病肝脓肿病人比较。结果　糖尿 病病人合并肝脓肿脓液细菌培养阳性率、脓腔大小、住院时间与非糖尿病肝脓肿病人比较有显著性差 异,而治愈率无差异。结论　糖尿病肝脓肿病人主要为隐源性肝脓肿,常见致病菌为肺炎克雷白杆 菌,治疗应强调有效控制血糖、合理应用抗生素、全面营养支持和脓腔个体化治疗,可使预后与非糖尿 病肝脓肿病人无差异。