喉副神经节瘤：1例报道及文献复习

目的 :提高临床诊治喉副神经节病的水平。方法 :总结喉副神经节病 1例诊治的全过程 ,并对文献进行复习。结果 :经右颈侧进路 ,从右梨状窝外侧壁切开暴露下咽腔 ,见右侧杓会厌皱裂隆起 ,黏膜下切除肿瘤约 3 0cm× 3 0cm ,术后 6年肿瘤复发。结论 :喉副神经节瘤的治愈依赖于对本病的认识 ,早期诊断和对肿瘤完整地切除     

成年股骨颈骨折临床特征分析:一项基于医院的回顾性研究

目的分析天津市天津医院股骨颈骨折患者的临床特征。方法收集2016年1月1日至2017年12月31日在天津市天津医院出院的股骨颈骨折患者资料并进行回顾性研究,统计患者的性别、年龄、骨折分型、受伤机制及治疗方法等并进行分析比较。结果共筛选出符合条件的患者2150例,男736例,女1414例,不同年龄段患者男、女分布的差异有统计学意义(χ^2=91.63,P<0.001)。青年(18~44岁)患者中,男性多于女性,中年(45~64岁)、老年(≥65岁)患者中,女性多于男性。骨折类型以移位型为主(75.56%,1646/2150),移位率青年患者最低(55.17%,64/116),老年患者最高(81.91%,1159/1415)。三个年龄段患者的主要受伤机制均为摔倒[青年61.21%(71/116),中年80.29%(497/619),老年91.24%(1291/1415)]。不同年龄段患者治疗方式的差别有统计学意义(χ^2=1057.11,P<0.001),中、青年患者无论骨折是否移位,主要治疗方式均为内固定术;中年无移位患者采用内固定术的比例(86.22%,169/196)高于移位患者(62.88%,266/423)(χ^2=34.93,P<0.001)。老年患者中无移位者多采用内固定术,移位者多采用半髋置换术。陈旧性股骨颈骨折患者年龄(中位年龄74岁)大于新鲜骨折患者(中位年龄70岁)(Z=-2.777,P=0.005)。陈旧性股骨颈骨折患者移位率(92.41%,73/79)高于新鲜股骨颈骨折患者(75.95%,1573/2071)(χ^2=11.48,P=0.001)。陈旧性股骨颈骨折患者多采用全髋置换术,新鲜骨折患者采用内固定术、半髋置换术、全髋置换术比例相差不大,内固定术最多。结论股骨颈骨折老年女性患者最多;移位患者多于无移位患者;青、中、老年患者受伤机制均为摔倒;中、青年患者多采用内固定术治疗,老年患者主要采用关节置换术治疗。     

Do hospital type or caseload make a difference in chemotherapy treatment patterns for early breast cancer? Results from 104 German institutions, 2008–2017

BackgroundOver the past decade, chemotherapy has been used more selectively in early breast cancer (EBC) due to better risk stratification. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has evolved to the primary treatment option. The type and size of hospitals is known to have a substantial influence on the kinds of treatment they provide, and therefore on patient outcomes (e.g. rates for pathological complete response, pCR), but it is not yet known how this has affected delivery of chemotherapy for EBC in Germany.MethodsThis study analyzed chemotherapy use and pCR rates after NACT for EBC patients treated at 104 German institutions 2008–2017. Institutions were separated into associated hospital type (university hospital; teaching hospital; community hospital) and annual caseload (≤100; 101–250; >250 cases/year).ResultsOverall, 124,084 patients were included, of whom 11.6% were treated at university hospitals, 63.1% at teaching hospitals, and 25.3% at community hospitals. In total, 46,274 (37.3%) received chemotherapy, of whom 44,765 had information available about systemic treatment and surgery. From 2008 to 2017, chemotherapy use declined from 48.3% to 36.4% for university hospitals, from 40.7% to 30.3% for teaching hospitals, and from 42.4% to 33.7% for community hospitals. Furthermore, the proportion of NACT increased the most in university hospitals (from 32.0% to 68.1%); whereas, the rate of pCR (defined as ypT0 ypN0) increased irrespective of institutional type. Analyses regarding annual caseload did not show any differences.ConclusionsThe results from this large, nationwide cohort reflect a more selective use of chemotherapy in Germany, irrespective of institutional type or case load.     

Expanding Awareness of the Distribution and Biologic Potential of Ectomesenchymal Chondromyxoid Tumor

Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor is a rare neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis that typically occurs in the anterior dorsal tongue. Recent reports in the literature have described rare examples of gingival, palatal and tonsillar lesions. Histologically, ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumors are typically well-circumscribed, lacking overtly aggressive features. Herein we report a tumor arising in the right mandible that is morphologically and molecularly consistent with ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor. This case furthers awareness of the extra-glossal distribution of this neoplasm; moreover, it suggests that a subset of these tumors have the potential for locally aggressive behaviour.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12105-020-01169-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Giant hepatic extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor treated with cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant systemic therapy: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUNDPrimary extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors (E-GIST) of the liver are rare. The clinical presentation may range from asymptomatic to bleeding or manifestations of mass effect. Oncologic surgery followed by adjuvant therapy with imatinib is the standard of care. However, under specific circumstances, a cytoreductive approach may represent a therapeutic option. We describe herein the case of an 84-year-old woman who presented with a tender, protruding epigastric mass. Abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a large, heterogeneous mass located across segments III, IV, V, and VIII of the liver. The initial approach was transarterial embolization of the tumor, which elicited no appreciable response. Considering the large size and central location of the tumor and the advanced age of the patient, non-anatomic complete resection was indicated. Due to substantial intraoperative bleeding and hemodynamic instability, only a near-complete resection could be achieved. Histopathology and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of primary E-GIST of the liver. Considering the risk/benefit ratio for therapeutic options, debulking surgery may represent a strategy to control pain and prolong survival.CASE SUMMARYHere, we present a case report of a patient diagnosed with E-GIST primary of the liver, which was indicated a cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant therapy with imatinib.CONCLUSIONE-GIST primary of the liver is a rare conditional, the treatment is with systemic therapy and total resection surgery. However, a cytoreductive surgery will be necessary when a complete resection is no possible.     

Functional anatomical hepatectomy guided by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in patients with localized cholestasis: Report of four cases

BACKGROUNDLiver cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence. At present, the most effective treatment is laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH). Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICG-FI) has become an important tool in LH, and the most common fluorescent types of tumors are total fluorescence, partial fluorescence, and rim fluorescence.CASE SUMMARYWe presented four cases of LH guided by ICG-FI in which we also observed the fourth special fluorescent type. When the tumor or intrahepatic stone compresses the adjacent bile duct to cause local cholestasis, the liver segment or subsegment with obstructed bile drainage will show strong fluorescence. Complete removal of the lesion together with the fluorescent liver parenchyma may help reduce the risk of tumor or stone recurrence.CONCLUSIONThis type of partial fluorescence can indicate local biliary compression, and the resection method is related to bile drainage, which may be called functional anatomical hepatectomy and ensures radical resection of the lesion.