温阳散瘀方联合贝前列素钠片治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化性闭塞症的临床研究

目的观察温阳散瘀方辅助贝前列素钠片治疗下肢动脉粥样硬化性闭塞症的效果。方法采用简单随机抽样方法从2016年3月至2018年4月于该院接受诊治的下肢动脉粥样硬化性闭塞症患者中选取86例纳入研究,依据随机数字表法进行分组,对照组43例患者接受贝前列素钠片治疗,研究组43例患者接受温阳散瘀方联合贝前列素钠片治疗,治疗6周后评价两组临床疗效,测定两组患者血脂水平、踝肱指数(ABI)、6min步行试验(6-MWT)、无痛行走距离、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)以及血液流变学相关指标。结果研究组临床总有效率(88.37%)明显高于对照组(69.77%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均明显下降(P<0.05),且组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后研究组ABI、6-MWT、无痛行走距离和hs-CRP水平均明显优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后两组血液流变学相关指标均明显下降(P<0.05),且组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论温阳散瘀方辅助贝前列素钠片应用于下肢动脉粥样硬化性闭塞症的临床治疗,在平衡血脂水平、改善血液流变学相关指标方面效果明显,可有效改善ABI、6-MWT、无痛行走距离和hs-CRP等指标,增进疗效。     

肾炎方联合缬沙坦分散片对慢性肾小球肾炎患者的疗效与肾功能的影响

目的:探究肾炎方联合缬沙坦分散片治疗慢性肾小球肾炎患者的疗效及对肾功能的影响。方法:选取2016年2月至2019年2月重庆医科大学附属一医院合川医院肾脏内科收治的慢性肾小球肾炎患者122例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组61例。对照组患者采用下缬沙坦分散片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用自拟肾炎方与缬沙坦分散片联合治疗,分析比较2组患者的肾功能指标的动态变化、炎性因子的表达水平、临床疗效及治疗后不良反应。结果:治疗后观察组TC、TG、BUN、Scr及24 hUPE5项指标的动态变化均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组ALB动态变化高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组IL-6、IL-10、CRP及TNF-α水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗有效率(98.4%)优于对照组(86.9%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率(6.6%)低于对照组(31.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用自拟肾炎方与缬沙坦分散片联合的治疗方案可增强疗效,提升肾功能,降低促炎性因子的表达水平及不良反应,值得在临床中推广普及。     

胆闭通络方对幼鼠阻塞性黄疸FPA及D-二聚体的影响

目的探讨胆闭通络方对幼鼠阻塞性黄疸FPA及D-二聚体(D-D)影响。方法将SD大鼠幼鼠分为3组,第1组为正常对照组,予生理盐水灌胃,第2组为模型组,采用2%α-萘异硫氰酸酯(ANIT)及生理盐水灌胃,第3组为治疗组,在造模同时予胆闭通络方灌胃,每日1次,连续7d。以分光光度仪检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酶氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、血清总胆红素(TB)含量;双抗体夹心法测定大鼠血清血纤肽/纤维蛋白肽A(FPA)及D-D水平。结果与模型组比较,治疗组血清TB、ALT、AST、AKP、r-GT降低(P0.05);与对照组比较,模型组及治疗组血清FPA及D-D显著增高(P0.05);与模型组比较,治疗组血清FPA及D-D降低(P0.05)。结论胆闭通络方能抑制FPA及D-D产生,减少肝内微血栓的形成,缓解肝脏瘀血。     

益心解毒方对Nox2和Nox4亚基过表达的心肌细胞NADPH氧化酶活性的影响

目的通过观察益心解毒方含药血清对Nox2、Nox4亚基过表达的H9c2心肌细胞NADPH氧化酶活性的影响,揭示其作用环节是否与干预相应亚型的NADPH氧化酶调控环节有关。方法采用PCR方法扩增Nox2、Nox4基因全长序列,经双酶切、连接载体和转化后提取重组质粒,经酶切鉴定的阳性质粒进行DNA测序,测序正确后按照lipofectamine 2000试剂的说明书瞬时转染H9c2细胞,转染后的心肌细胞分组给予不同的药物干预,24 h后检测NADPH氧化酶活性。结果 1含有Nox2/Nox4亚基的重组质粒载体通过测序鉴定,结果与Gen Bank报道的完全一致。2通过荧光显微镜下观察转染72 h后的H9c2细胞,可见大量发绿色荧光的细胞,流式细胞术计数结果显示转染率均在60%左右,符合实验要求。3空质粒载体组、模型组、益心解毒方组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达明显高于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05);模型组和益心解毒方组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达高于空载体组(P<0.01);模型组NADPH氧化酶活性表达均明显高于其他各组,而益心解毒方各组的NADPH氧化酶活性表达均明显低于模型组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论成功构建大鼠心肌细胞Nox2、Nox4亚基的重组质粒载体,该重组质粒载体可以在心肌细胞中过表达,益心解毒方可以有效地降低NADPH氧化酶活性的表达。提示此复方治疗心衰的机制可能是抑制了Nox2和Nox4型NADPH氧化酶的表达。     

Nutrition for the micro preemie: Beyond milk

Nutritional support is a fundamental component of the care of the extremely preterm infant, including the “micro preemie” (here defined as a baby born weighing less than 500 g), but goes beyond considerations of milk as a food. This is because milk from an infant's own mother, unlike currently available substitutes, additionally provides invaluable non-nutritive benefits.Nutritional support requires suitable devices or techniques to administer nutrients enterally or intravenously, products shown to be safe in preterm populations, and efficacy demonstrated in respect of important functional outcomes. Sadly, preterm feeding remains characterised by a deficit of evidence. In this chapter, we will briefly describe the history of preterm nutrition, discuss current enteral and parenteral practice, important evidence gaps, a summary of approaches for evaluating nutritional practice, and key considerations for future endeavour. Our discussion refers to all extremely preterm infants and it not confined to the micro preemie.     

Accuracy of the London Atlas,Haavikko’s Method and Cameriere’s European Formula of dental age estimation in Turkish children

Age estimation is a mandatory procedure when the chronological age is unknown or uncertain. Dental development is the preferred characteristic for estimating a child's age. There are many methods for dental age estimation, but their reliability can differ between populations. This study compared the accuracy of three of these methods—the London Atlas (LA), Haavikko's method (HM), and Cameriere's European formula (CF)—in Turkish children living in northwestern Turkey. Panoramic radiographs of 980 children from northwestern Turkey aged between 6.00 and 14.99 years were examined for the whole study group and separately for different ages and sexes by all three methods. Statistical differences between chronological age and dental age were tested using the paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The LA, HM, and CF accuracies were determined based on the mean absolute error. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that the correlation between chronological age and dental age for both sexes was linear for all methods. The LA overestimated the chronological age by 0.09 years, while HM and CF underestimated it by 0.49 and 0.11 years, respectively. The difference between dental age and chronological age was significant in all samples, for all methods, except for the LA in boys. When boys, girls, and the total sample were evaluated, values with the lowest mean absolute error were obtained by HM and were statistically significant in all three groups. Therefore, HM is more accurate than the LA and CF for dental age estimation in Turkish children living in northwestern Turkey.     

补阳还五汤治疗rt-PA溶栓后气虚血瘀型中风患者的疗效观察

目的观察重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA)静脉溶栓后应用补阳还五汤治疗缺血性中风的有效性和安全性。方法rt-PA静脉溶栓气虚血瘀型急性缺血性中凤患者97例,随机分为观察组(48例)和对照组(49例)。两组患者均予以缺血性中风的基础治疗,观察组在对照组基础上于溶栓后30 min内口服或鼻饲补阳还五汤,1剂/d,分早晚服用,连续4周,随访3个月。采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)、Bathel指数(BI)评定量表、改良Rankin量表(mRS)和洼田饮水试验评价患者的临床疗效,同时记录脑出血、脑梗死再发、肺部感染、肝功能异常和肾功能异常的情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者4周NIHSS评分下降(P<005);3个月NIHSS评分、mRS评分和洼田饮水评分均下降(P<0.05),BI评分升高(P<0.05)。观察组患者4周和3个月脑出血、脑梗死再发、肺部感染、消化道出血、肝功能异常和肾功能异常发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在rt-PA静脉溶栓后立即使用补阳还五汤治疗气虚血瘀型急性缺血性中风临床疗效明显,安全性高。     

补阳还五汤对急性脊髓损伤模型大鼠神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察补阳还五汤对大鼠急性脊髓损伤(ASCI)的治疗作用及其机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为空白组、损伤对照组、补阳还五汤组,各10只。采用Allen’s打击法建立急性脊髓损伤模型,空白组和损伤对照组造模后予蒸馏水1m L灌胃,补阳还五汤组造模后予补阳还五汤1m L灌胃,均1天1次,连续3天。各组分别于术后1、7、14天观察其行为学BBB评分,14天通过免疫组化的方法观察脊髓损伤部位神经细胞凋亡(caspase-3p20、Bcl-2与Bax)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达水平。结果 1行为学观察评分:术后7、14天补阳还五汤组与损伤对照组下肢功能均有恢复(P0.05),且补阳还五汤组较损伤对照组恢复更明显[(9.05±0.95)分比(5.75±1.97)分,(12.6±1.55)分比(8.80±3.34)分,P0.05]。2免疫组化检测:补阳还五汤组caspsase-3p20阳性细胞数表达较损伤对照组少[(16.70±2.21)个比(20.30±4.13)个,P0.05];补阳还五汤组Bcl-2阳性细胞的表达较损伤对照组增加[(10.57±0.97)个比(6.42±3.20)个,P0.05];补阳还五汤组Bax阳性细胞的表达较损伤对照组少[(18.29±2.21)个比(21.14±2.41)个,P0.05];补阳还五汤组VEGF阳性细胞的表达较损伤对照组多[(11.75±1.03)个比(9.50±1.30)个,P0.05]。结论补阳还五汤可提高脊髓损伤部位VEGF的表达,使细胞凋亡明显减少,促进骨髓功能的恢复。     

加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗治疗恶性腹腔积液的疗效观察

[摘要]目的：探讨加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗治疗恶性腹腔积液的临床疗效和安全性。方法：该研究回顾性分析我院48例恶性腹腔积液患者的临床资料,在常规支持治疗基础上予加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗者为观察组（N=24）,仅予常规支持治疗者为对照组（N=24）,选取治疗满3周者,比较两组患者腹水的控制情况、临床症状及KPS评分的改善情况、利尿剂的使用及不良反应情况。结果：治疗前后两组患者的腹水指数差值、临床症状积分差值及利尿剂的使用情况差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,KPS评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组发生轻度腹泻2例,局部皮肤发红3例,予对症治疗后好转。结论：加减十枣汤外敷神阙穴配合深部热疗可有效延缓晚期恶性肿瘤患者腹水的增加,改善其临床症状,并减少利尿剂的使用,可用于临床推广。