N-乙酰半胱氨酸预防亚硒酸钠诱导大鼠白内障的研究

目的：对亚硒酸钠诱导白内障大鼠采用N-乙酰半胱氨酸进行预防性治疗,探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸对白内障大鼠模型氧化损伤和晶状体浑浊程度的影响。方法30只SD乳鼠随机分为3组,模型组ip 3.46 mg/kg亚硒酸钠溶液造模后,ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理盐水;实验组ipN-乙酰半胱氨酸10 mg/g,30 min ip亚硒酸钠溶液造模;对照组ip 0.1 mL/10 g生理盐水。所有动物均为隔日注射,连续6次。比较大鼠晶状体浑浊程度和SOD活性、NOS活性和MDA水平。结果在晶状体核区、后囊区、前囊区＋后囊区、前囊区＋皮质区＋核区＋后囊区中,实验组与模型组比较得分差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;实验组SOD活性和MDA活性与模型组比较差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 N-乙酰半胱氨酸能够预防后囊和核区白内障的发生,其作用是通过减少MDA水平、提高SOD活性、改善氧化应激实现的。     

亚硒酸钠通过抑制铁死亡促进大鼠脊髓损伤修复

目的:研究亚硒酸钠对脊髓损伤(SCI)大鼠铁死亡的影响及分子机制.方法:45只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组:假手术组(sham)、SCI模型组(SCI)和亚硒酸钠治疗组(SCI+Na2SeO3),每组15只.利用撞击法制备大鼠脊髓损伤模型,通过灌胃方法进行亚硒酸钠治疗.利用脊髓功能评分(BBB量表)检测大鼠的运动功能,...     

微量元素测定在肿瘤患者诊断及防治中的意义

目的探讨微量元素测定在肿瘤患者诊断及防治中的意义。方法收集该院肿瘤患者246例及健康体检者50例,分别测定铜、铁、锌、钙、锰、硒的浓度,并进行统计学分析。结果健康对照组血清铁、锌、锰、硒浓度分别为(18.57±4.99)、(8.07±5.83)、(1.40±0.75)、(1.96±0.61)μmol/L,明显高于各病例组;而健康对照组血清铜浓度为(13.70±2.41)μmol/L,明显低于各病例组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);健康对照组血清钙虽略高于各病例组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清微量元素浓度与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关,合理地调节微量元素的吸收,对于肿瘤的预防有重要意义;加强微量元素的测定,有助于对肿瘤的辅助诊断。     

关中地区典型富硒与贫硒区人体发硒含量研究

选择陕西省关中地区典型的天然富硒区和贫硒区进行常住居民发硒含量的检测,分析环境介质中的硒含量对人体发硒含量的影响.通过采集头发样品可以安全便捷地检测人体中硒元素水平、评价人群硒营养状况,具有重要的生物学意义和健康指示作用.综合分析区域硒含量特征、性别等因素对人体头发样品中硒含量的影响,为利用头发硒含量监测人体硒水平与健...     

硒对微波辐照致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用

目的探讨硒对微波致神经细胞损伤的保护作用.方法以离体培养的PC12细胞为研究对象,采用65 mW/cm2的微波照射20 min进行致伤,以细胞存活率、MDA含量、SOD和GSH-Px活性为实验指标反映Na2SeO3预处理对微波辐照致PC12细胞损伤的影响.结果微波辐照后PC12细胞存活率明显降低,MDA含量增加,SOD、GSH-Px活性降低,而经过Na2SeO3预处理后再接受微波辐照,以上指标的变化明显减轻,并且高剂量Na2SeO3预处理作用更明显.结论硒可以提高PC12细胞的抗氧化能力,保护神经细胞对抗微波辐射导致的细胞损伤.     

硒和硒化合物

硒是动物和人类的一种必需微量元素,从饮食谷类、蔬菜等食物中可获得。硒缺乏可导致克山病、大骨节病。最佳硒水平在预防癌症、硒在艾滋病的作用及硒与衰老的关系目前已有大量的研究。就硒生物利用度、硒缺乏的病理学、硒化合物的保护作用诸方面做一评价。     

微量元素铬和硒与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

分析了微量元素铬、硒对2型糖尿病发病、发展及治疗的影响。重点讲述了2型糖尿病补充铬、硒的护理。     

黄绿青霉素对低硒低蛋白大鼠心肌损伤的初步观察

目的 观察黄绿青霉素(CIT)对低硒低蛋白大鼠心肌损伤的特点.方法 40只4周龄Wistar大鼠,雌雄符半,体质量60～80 g,按2×2析因设计随机分为常硒常蛋白无毒素组、常硒常蛋白加毒素组、低硒低蛋白无毒素组和低硒低蛋白加毒素组(将低硒低蛋白合为一种因素考虑),每组10只.分别采用常硒常蛋白和低硒低蛋白饲料喂养大鼠至第10周后,加毒素组大鼠饲料中投予CIT(5 mg·kg-1·d-1)继续喂养至第16周.观察各组大鼠的毛色、摄食、体质量增长情况,计算心脏质量指数,观察心肌病理变化,检测血清硒、白蛋白水平、肌酸激酶(CK)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及心肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.结果 硒、蛋白和CIT对大鼠体质量、血清硒、白蛋白水平、心脏质量指数、血清CK、GSH-Px活性和心肌SOD活性的影响不存在交互作用(F值分别为0.000、1.210、0.625、0.981、2.785、0.074、0.001,P均>0.05);硒、蛋白对大鼠血清硒、白蛋白水平、心脏质量指数和血清GSH-Px活性的主效应有统计学意义(F值分别为507.698、87.734、4.201、109.389,P均<0.05);CIT对大鼠体质量、血清硒、白蛋白水平、心脏质量指数、血清CK活性的主效应有统计学意义(F值分别为10.929、4.371、26.108、24.844、4.439,P均<0.05).低硒低蛋白两组的血清硒水平[(70.4±40.0)、(87.7 ±59.6)μg/L]低于常硒常蛋A两组[(446.1±74.8)、(502.1±39.2)μg/L,P均<0.05];低硒低蛋白两组的血清白蛋白水平[(34.36±1.28)、(33.38±2.48)g/L]低于常硒常蛋白两组[(40.69±1.30)、(38.71±2.15)g/L,P均<0.05];相同硒和蛋白水平下,加毒素组的心脏质量指数[(4.14±0.36)×10-3、(4.39 ±0.53)×10-3]高于无毒素组[(3.56±0.26)×10-3、(3.80±0.28)×10-3,P均<0.05];低硒低蛋白加毒素组的血清CK活性[(2.54 ±0.56)kU/L]低于低硒低蛋白无毒素组[(3.37±0.67)kU/L,P<0.05].低硒低蛋白两组的血清GSH-Px活性>(408.1±412.6)、(510.5 ±392.0)U/L[低于常硒常蛋白两组[(1667.8±102.2)、(1731.5±144.4)U/L,P均<0.05].电镜结果显示,常硒常蛋白加毒素组大鼠部分心肌细胞闰盘断裂,各带连接断裂,部分区域心肌细胞有溶解现象,有水肿表现;低硒低蛋白无毒素组大鼠心肌细胞膜结构改变不明显,核周围肌丝结构消失,可见大量絮状物质沉积;低硒低蛋白加毒素组大鼠心肌细胞肌节各带结构不很清晰,核旁线粒休嵴轻度疏松,偶见空泡变,大量弥漫性肌质网扩张.结论 CIT是诱导大鼠心肌细胞损伤的主要因素,低硒低蛋白加重病变,但独立致病作用较弱.

Abstract：

Objective To ohserve the rat myocardial damage induced by citreoviridin(CIT)in the status of combined selenium and protein deficiency.Methods According to 2×2 factorial design,forty 4-week-old healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups.i.e.combined selenium and protein adequate with no CIT and with some CIT groups(Se+Pro+CIT-.Se+Pro+CiT+),combined selenium and protein deficiency with no CIT and with some CIT groups(Se-Pro-CIT-,Se-Pro-CIT+).The numbers of male and female were fifty-fifty.Theserats were fed with combined selenium and protein adequate and combined selenium and protein deficiency fodder until the 16th week. Cardiac toxicity of CIT was evaluated by general state of health, heart weight index, myocardial pathological change, the levels of selenium and the activities of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) and creatine kinase (CK) in serum, and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) of myocardium. Results The interaction effects of combined selenium and protein deficiency and adequate CIT on body weight, serum levels of selenium and albumin, heart weight index, the activities of CK and GSH-Px in serum and SOD of myocardium were statistically not significant(F= 0.000, 1.210, 0.625, 0.981, 2.785, 0.074, 0.001, all P> 0.05). The main effects of combined selenium and protein on the levels of serum selenium and albumin, heart weight index and the activity of GSH-Px in serum were statistically significant(F = 507.698, 87.734, 4.201, 109.389, all P < 0.05). The main effects of CIT on body weight, the levels of serum selenium and albumin, heart weight index and the activity of CK in serum were statistically significant(F = 10.929, 4.371, 26.108, 24.844, 4.439, all P < 0.05). The mean levels of serum selenium of Se-Pro- groups [(70.4 ± 40.0), (87.7 ± 59.6 )μg/L] were lower than those of Se+Pro+ groups [(446.1 ± 74.8),(502.1 ± 39.2)μg/L, all P < 0.05]. The mean levels of serum albumin of Se-Pro- groups [(34.36 ± 1.28 ), (33.38 ±2.48)g/L] were lower than those of Se+Pro+ groups[(40.69 ± 1.30), (38.71 ± 2.15)g/L, all P < 0.05]. The mean levels of heart weight index of CIT+ groups[(4.14 ± 0.36) × 10-3, (4.39 ± 0.53) x 10-3] were higher than those of CIT-groups[(3.56 ± 0.26) x 10-3, (3.80 ± 0.28) x 10-3, all P < 0.05] respectively at the same levels of selenium and protein. The mean levels of CK in serum of Se-Pro-CIT+ group[(2.54 ± 0.56)kU/L] was lower than that of Se-Pro-CIT- group [(3.37 ± 0.67 )kU/L, P < 0.05]. The mean levels of activity of GSH-Px in serum of Se-Progroups[(408.1 ± 412.6), (510.5 ± 392.0)U/L] were lower than those of Se+Pro+ groups[(1667.8 ± 102.2),(1731.5 ± 144.4)U/L, all P < 0.05]. In Se+Pro+CIT+ group, there was part of intercalary disc of cardiac myocytes fragmented;the conjunctions between myoeytes were broken;in some region, cardiac myocytes became edematous,even dissolved. In Se-Pro-CIT- group, the change of cardiac myocytes membrane structures was not obvious;filament structure was disappeared around nucleus;deposition of mass floccule could be seen. In Se-Pro-CIT+ group,the structure of sarcomeres was not obvious;mitochondrial cristae was loosened;cavities in myocytes could be seen occasionally;there were lots of disseminated sareoplasmic reticulum extending. Conclusions .CIT is the main risk factor in inducing myocardial damage. The deficiency of combined selenium and protein can aggravate the damage,but its independent pathogenic effect is weak.     

贵州省水城县地方性氟中毒病区骨软化畸形儿童铝氟及其他微量元素水平检测分析

目的 对贵州省水城县勺米乡与纸厂乡结合部地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)村聚集性骨软化畸形儿童进行氟(F)、铝(Al)等多种元素测定,结合临床表现进行病因学诊断.方法 2008年11月,对水城县纸厂乡与勺米乡结合部地氟病村寨骨软化畸形少年儿童聚集病例(病例组),在严格质量控制基础上,采集14个病例和同县非地氟病区13个同龄对照(对照组)的任意1次尿和枕部贴皮头发,进行氟(F)、铝(Al)、镉(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)、硒(Se)、锶(Sr)、钡(Ba)10种元素检测,数据用PEMS 3.1医学软件统计包进行处理.结果 病例组尿中F、Al、Mn、Cu、Sr、Se水平(1.18 mg/L,112.6 μg/L,6.62、29.86 mg/L,177.5、4.23ng/L)与对照组(0.48、47.1、2.04、16.61 mg/L,55.17、15.52 ng/L)比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为4.592、2.486、4.850、2.210、2.078、2.912,P均＜0.05).病例组头发中Al、Mn、As、Sr、Ba、Fe、Se水平(59.27、5.26、0.956、1.497、1.287、297.13、0.454 mg/kg)与对照组(18.69、0.72、1.094、0.621、0.675、69.022、1.323 mg/kg)比较,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为4.583、6.318、3.309、2.704、5.606、6.294,P均＜0.05).病例组尿中F与Al、Zn、As、Se的相关系数(r)均＞0.662(P均＜0.05),Al与Cu、Zn、As、Sr、Ba、Se的r均＞0.674(P均＜0.05),Se与Mn、Ba、Cu、Zn、Sr、As的r均＞0.694(P均＜0.05),Mn、Sr、As、Ba彼此之间r均＞0.550(P均＜0.05).病例组头发中Al与Mn、Cr、Fe、Cu、As、Se的r均＞0.732(P均＜0.05),Ba与Mn、Cr、Fe、Sr,Mn与Cr、Fe,Cr与As,Cu与Sr的r均＞0.686(P均＜0.05);对照组尿Cu与Zn、Se、Ba,Zn与Se、Ba,Cr与Mn、Ba的r均＞0.516(P均＜0.05);对照组头发中Al与Mn、Fe、Cu、As、Se,Se与Fe、Cu、As,Fe与Mn、Cu、As,Cu与Zn、As,Zn与As的r均＞0.739(P均＜0.05).病例组尿F与Se的r(0.762)与对照组(-0.469)比较,差异有统计学意义(u=2.079,P＜0.05).结论 水城县纸厂乡与勺米乡结合部地氟病病村寨骨软化畸形儿童的氟、铝负荷过高,尿和头发多种元素水平及其相关性分析与地方性铝氟中毒Al、F水平引起多种元素水平变化及其相关性呈网络样加强的现象一致,结合病人生活环境,有与铝氟中毒相同的骨X线表现,可诊断为地方性铝氟中毒.病人尿和头发Se水平降低及与F、Al等相关性有显著差异的生物学意义有待进一步探讨.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the levels of trace elements such as fluorine(F), and aluminium (Al)etc. of osteomalacia malformation children and to make etiological diagnosis in reference with clinical manifestations.Methods Urine and occipitalia hairs of 14 diseased children(patient group) from endemic fluorosis area and 13 healthy children(control group) from non-endemic area were included in the study on November, 2008, and contents of 10 elements of fluorine(F), aluminum(Al), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), ferrum(Fe), cuprum(Cu), zinc(Zn), arsenic (As), selenium(Se), strontium(Sr), and barium(Ba) were tested. The data were analyzed with medical soft package PEMS 3.1. Results Urinary contents of F, Al, Mn, Cu, Sr, and Se(1.18 mg/L, 112.6 μg/L,6.62,29.86 mg/L, 177.5,4.23 ng/L) in patient group were significantly different from those in control group (0.48,47.1,2.04,16.61 mg/L, 55.17,15.52 ng/L, t = 4.592,2.486,4.850,2.210 2.078,2.912, all P＜ 0.05); Hair contents of Al, Mn, As, Sr, Ba, Fe, and Se in patient group(59.27,5.26,0.96,1.50,1.29,297.13,0.45 mg/kg)were significantly different from those of control group( 18.69,0.72,1.09,0.62,0.68,69.02,1.323 mg/kg, t = 4.583,6.318,3.309,2.704,5.606,6.294, all P ＜ 0.05); in patient group, the correlation coefficients of urinary Fe to Al,Zn, As, and Se were all bigger tan 0.662(all P＜ 0.05), those of urinary Se to Mn, Ba, Cu, Zn, Sr, and As were all bigger than 0.694(all P＜ 0.05), those among urinary Mn, Sr, As, and Ba were bigger than 0.550(all P＜0.05), those of hair Al to Mn, Cr, Fe, and Cu were bigger than 0.732(all P＜ 0.05), those of hair Ba to Mn,Cr, Fe, and Sr, and of hair Mn to Cr and Fe, and those between Cr and As, between Cu and Sr were all bigger than 0.686 (all P ＜ 0.05). In control group, the correlation coefficients of urinary Cu to Zn, Se, and Ba, those of Zn to Se and Ba, and those of Cr to Mn and Ba were all bigger than 0.516(all P ＜ 0.05), those of hair Al to Mn,Fe, Cu, As, and Se, and those of hair Se to Fe, Cu, and As, those of hair Fe to Mn, Cu, and As, those of hair Cu to Zn and As, and that between Zn and As were bigger than 0.739(all P ＜ 0.05). The correlation coefficient of urinary F to Se in patient group(0.762) was significantly different from that in control group( - 0.469, u = 2.079,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The burden of F and Al of osteomalacia malformation children in endemic fluorosis area of Shuicheng county is too high. The contents of multi-elements in urine and hairs and their correlation are coincident with high levels of Al and F and they cause network increase of multi-element content changes and their correlation. According to bone X-ray features combining with the living environment, the diagnosis of endemic Al-F fluorosis can be made. The biological significance of reducing urinary and hair Se levels and the correlations of F and Al need to be further studied.     

硒和蛋白质与大鼠心肌GPX1、GPX4表达及翻译

目的研究硒和蛋白质对大鼠心肌GPX1、GPX4表达及其翻译过程的影响。方法 60只雄性Wistar大鼠按硒与蛋白质两因素两水平的析因设计随机分为四组,饲养一年后处死,western blot方法检测心肌GPX1、GPX4和SBP2蛋白表达水平;RT-PCR方法扩增心肌GPX1、GPX4 mRNA上SECIS序列,SSCP法确定其基因型后进行碱基序列测定。结果低硒组心肌组织GPX1、GPX4含量低于常硒组（P〈0.001;P〈0.05）,SBP2含量高于常硒组（P〈0.05）;低蛋白组心肌组织GPX1含量低于常蛋白组（P〈0.001）,SBP2含量高于常蛋白组（P〈0.05）;硒与蛋白质在影响心肌GPX1表达方面有交互作用（P〈0.001）;GPX1、GPX4基因的SECIS碱基序列并未发生变异。结论在低硒低蛋白条件下,心肌GPX1和GPX4含量显著降低,而SBP2含量则增加;GPX1、GPX4基因的SECIS碱基序列并未发生变异。