烧伤病区多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌DNA的脉冲场凝胶电泳分析

目的:了解烧伤病区铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)感染的分子流行病学特征。方法:采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型的方法,对15株分离自烧伤临床病人的多重耐药PA染色体组DNA进行分析。结果:15株检测菌株中有9株菌分别属于两种不同的PFGE图谱类型,具有同源性的菌株占测试菌株的60%。结论:导致我院烧伤患者感染多重耐药的PA中有同源性的比例较高,提示在烧伤救治中采取有针对性的措施,防止烧伤病房内的交叉感染对于降低烧伤感染率、提高烧伤救治水平具有重要意义。     

金黄色葡萄球菌CCC型及OC型质粒的检测

采用已报道的金黄色葡萄球菌质粒DNA的检测方法(简称LL法)。从1982年在南京地区临床分离的131株金黄色葡萄球菌中的125株(95.4%)中检出质粒,可分为21质粒谱。经单向及双向二步琼脂糖凝胶电泳法鉴别,按分子量共有16个CCC型质粒带(P_1～P_(16))。用改良的LL法制备E.coli V517菌株质粒DNA,建立了简便的测定金黄色葡萄球菌质粒DNA分子量的参考系统。结果表明:要本实验条件下,P_1～P_(16)的分子量为1.42 Md～22.24±0.73 Md;以含有14.88、2.66±0.06 Md质粒谱的菌株较常见,占总数的25.2%;2.66±0.06 Md的质粒最常见,在73.3%的菌株中检出。     

红细胞同工酶ADA－EAP一AK_1同步电泳分型方法的建立

综合、改良了分别分型的方法，建立了红细胞同工酶ＡＤＡ一ＥＡＰ一ＡＫ１同步电泳分型方法，为ＡＤＡ，ＥＡＰ和ＡＫ１３种红细胞同工酶在法医学鉴定中更广泛的应用，提供了一种可靠、经济、实用的方法。     

辐射反应性A1蛋白质的分离纯化

本文撮道了用制备电泳和柱层析二种方法结合分离纯化放射病反应性增多的A₁蛋白质。方法简便,操作流程短,重复性娥经鉴定A₁蛋白质是一种未见文献报道的蛋白质。以此制备抗血清可用于放射病临床治疗的监测和放射病病理机制的研究。     

An alkylpolyglucoside surfactant as a prospective pharmaceutical excipient for topical formulations: The influence of oil polarity on the colloidal structure and hydrocortisone in vitro/in vivo permeation

There is a growing need for research into new skin- and environment-friendly surfactants. This paper focuses on a natural surfactant of an alkylpolyglucoside type, which can form both thermotropic and lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases. The aim of this study was to relate some physicochemical properties (characterised by polarisation and transmission electron microscopy, thermal analysis and rheology) of the three formulations based on cetearyl glucoside and cetearyl alcohol, to the results of in vitro and in vivo bioavailability of hydrocortisone (HC). The three formulations contained oils of different polarity (medium chain triglycerides: MG, isopropyl myristate: IPM and light liquid paraffin: LP), respectively. In vitro permeation was followed through the artificial skin constructs (ASC), while the parameters measured in vivo were erythema index: EI (using instrumental human skin blanching assay), transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum hydration (SCH). The vehicles based on cetearyl glucoside and cetearyl alcohol showed a complex colloidal structure of lamellar liquid-crystalline and lamellar gel-crystalline type, depending on oil polarity. Rheological profile of the vehicle was directly related to the in vitro profile of the HC permeation. In vivo results suggested that the vehicle with MG retarded the HC permeation, whereas less polar IPM and non-polar LP enhanced it. It is suggested that the enhancement is achieved either by a direct interaction with lipid lamellae of the SC or indirectly by improving skin hydration.

There were no adverse effects during in vivo study, which indicates a good safety profile of this alkylpolyglucoside surfactant.     

5种拟钉螺酯酶同工酶酶谱的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳技术，对湖北和四川两省５种拟钉螺的酯酶同工酶酶谱进行比较研究，并以湖北钉螺作对照，５种拟钉螺酯酶同工酶共分离出８条酶带，酶谱可分成３区，即ＥＳＴ－１、ＥＳＴ－２、ＥＳＴ－３，其基本特征与钉螺显著不同，很容易通过酶谱将拟钉螺与钉螺区分开，同时，５种拟钉螺的酯酶同工酶酶谱之间均存在一定的差异，说明拟钉螺种间酯酶同工酶存在多态，而种间差异程度似与地域隔离的远近有关。结果提示拟钉螺酯酶同工酶的酶谱特征既有助于拟钉螺属的鉴定，又有助于拟钉螺近缘种的区分，从而对拟钉螺的分类有较大的参考价值。     

Close correlation between high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides in normotriglyceridaemia.

The relationship between high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) particle size subclasses and the levels of the major lipoprotein lipids was studied in 74 men consecutively referred to the lipid clinic. HDL (density 1.070-1.21 kg l-1) was separated by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) into five size-defined subclasses, in order of decreasing size as follows: HDL2b, HDL2a, HDL3a, HDL3b and HDL3c. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in very-low-density (VLDL), low-density (LDL) and high-density (HDL) lipoproteins were determined. The level of VLDL triglycerides was negatively correlated with HDL2b (r = -0.66, P less than 0.0001), and positively correlated with HDL3b concentrations (r = 0.65, P less than 0.0001). Both correlations were restricted to subjects with VLDL triglyceride concentrations of less than 1.80 mmol l-1, i.e. those with normotriglyceridaemia. Patients with a history of myocardial infarction and/or angina pectoris (n = 18) had significantly lower HDL2b levels than subjects with asymptomatic hyperlipidaemia (n = 50), i.e. 0.16 vs. 0.22 mg protein ml-1 (P less than 0.05), despite essentially similar cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the VLDL, LDL and HDL fractions, including HDL2 and HDL3 cholesterol.     

腹泻型肠易激综合征患者结肠黏膜组织异常表达蛋白质的筛选与鉴定

目的 筛选及鉴定腹泻型肠易激综合征(D-IBS)患者与正常人结肠黏膜组织中的差异表达蛋白.方法 D-IBS患者及健康志愿者各4例,分别为D-IBS组和正常对照组.通过结肠镜取回盲部及乙状结肠黏膜进行活检,用含0.1% PMSF的冰盐水将标本洗净后立即置于液氮中保存.提取蛋白质,采用双向凝胶电泳法筛选差异表达蛋白,并采用质谱法对变化最明显的蛋白点进行鉴定.结果 利用双向凝胶电泳技术成功得到人结肠黏膜组织的蛋白质组图谱.正常对照组图谱平均得到蛋白点336个,组内图像平均匹配率92%,D-IBS组图谱平均得到蛋白点426个,组内图像平均匹配率95%.D-IBS组与正常对照组之间进行平均胶图谱的比较,两组间匹配率为74%.Volume值变化大于2倍以上的点共24个,其中21个点表达上调,3个点表达下调.表达上调最明显的2个蛋白点经鉴定分别为免疫球蛋白J链(Ig-j)和热休克蛋白27(HSP27),表达下调最明显的2个蛋白点则分别为血红蛋白β亚基和果糖二磷酸醛缩酶A.结论 采用双向凝胶电泳法可以成功得到人结肠黏膜组织蛋白质组表达图谱,D-IBS患者与正常人结肠黏膜组织蛋白质表达存在差异,已经鉴定出来的4个蛋白可能在D-IBS的发病机制中起一定作用.     

左金微乳凝胶与水凝胶体外释放和经皮渗透特性的研究

目的:研究、比较左金微乳凝胶、水凝胶体外释放和经皮渗透特性,探讨微乳凝胶对药物释放及透皮性能的影响。方法:采用改良Franz扩散池,以凝胶中小檗碱、巴马汀、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱等4种生物碱为评价指标,采用HPLC方法测定接收液中上述4个成分含量。结果:吴茱萸次碱的体外释放速率水凝胶高于微乳凝胶,而吴茱萸碱释放速率微乳凝胶高于水凝胶,其余两个成分体外释放无明显差异。微乳凝胶中吴茱萸碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的经皮渗透速率比水凝胶分别提高了10倍、36倍、26倍,提示微乳凝胶具有明显的经皮渗透优势。两种凝胶中四个指标成分的体外释放和经皮渗透行为均符合零级方程。吴茱萸次碱较为特殊,其在水凝胶中透皮速率比微乳凝胶高1.6倍。结论:微乳凝胶能显著增强药物成分的经皮渗透能力。     

精浆蛋白电泳分析的临床意义

目的为了初步了解男性精浆中的蛋白电泳谱以及蛋白谱与男性生育能力的相关关系。方法通过应用SPIFE3000全自动电泳分析仪对20例对照组(生育组)与140例观察组(不育组)的精浆进行蛋白分离(琼脂糖区带电泳法),建立其精浆蛋白质的特征电泳图谱,并进行对比分析。结果精浆蛋白经酸蓝染色后,区带清晰,从阳极到阴极分为A、B、C、D、E 5条带,电泳各区带百分比含量结果经方差分析,发现不育组与生育组A、C、D、E百分比含量变化有统计学意义(P<0.01),且无精子症患者精浆的蛋白谱有特异的"双峰"特点。结论精浆蛋白区带电泳分析可作为不育症的辅助诊断指标,且将是对男性不育诊断手段的有力补充。