The jumbo cup: Curtain calls and caveats

Use of an oversized “jumbo cup” is an effective technique for revision of most failed acetabular components. The jumbo cup is prepared with hemispherical reamers and provides a large porous ingrowth surface area in direct contact with the host bone. However, since the oversized cup is larger than the native acetabulum, the hip center can be raised, which may require use of a longer femoral head to maintain soft tissue tension and leg length. The anterior edge of the cup may also protrude through the anterior wall, which could be a cause of iliopsoas tendonitis resulting in groin pain.     

Anterograde Revision of Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulator Paddle Electrode: A Case Report

Objectives: To illustrate a new surgical revision strategy for malfunctioning spinal cord stimulation (SCS) paddle electrodes. Background: SCS is a treatment for chronic neuropathic pain that delivers therapeutic doses of electric current to the dorsal columns resulting in dermatomal paresthesia and pain reduction. Reasons for SCS failure include hardware malfunction or breakage and medical complications. Case Report: A 34‐year‐old woman presented with a two‐year history of intractable pain in the left upper extremity and thoracic region which was previously controlled by SCS. Imaging demonstrated breakage of the cervical electrode wire that had been advanced in the caudal direction from the C1 spinal level. Revision of the broken electrode was performed by hemilaminectomy of C3‐C4 and the replacement electrode was advanced in the cephalad direction. Results: Ideal and exact paresthesia pattern was confirmed intraoperatively and the patient maintained successful pain reduction at five‐year follow‐up. Conclusion: Advancing SCS electrodes into the upper cervical spine in the cephalad direction, using the previously formed scar capsule, offers an alternate strategy for revision of malfunctioning SCS paddle electrodes.     

In vitro proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on hydroxyapatite versus human demineralised bone matrix with and without osteogenic protein-1

Background: Allografting is currently used in lower limb reconstruction surgery. Demineralised bone matrix (DBM) is more osteoinductive compared with allografts but lacks mechanical strength. Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) can improve the osteoinductivity of the allograft, however recent reports indicate significant allograft resorption when it is combined with OP-1. Objectives: Our hypothesis was that hydroxyapatite (HA) with human-mesenchymal stem cells (h-MSCs) and OP-1 (HA+h-MSCs+OP-1) has similar osteoinductive properties to human-DBM+h-MSCs. The objective was to evaluate h-MSC proliferation (by tritiated thymidine incorporation, total DNA Hoechst 33258 and scanning electron microscopy) and osteogenic differentiation (from alkaline phosphatase activity) in human demineralised bone matrix (h-DBM) and HA, with or without OP-1. Results: H-MSC proliferation on HA+OP-1 was significantly higher compared with that on HA at all time points (p < 0.05) and compared with DBM alone [day 1, (198.4 vs 95.4) p = 0.042; day 14 (286.1 vs 119.9), p < 0.001]. H-MSC proliferation was higher in DBM+OP-1, at all time points compared with HA+OP-1 but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). H-MSC differentiation was significantly higher in HA+OP-1 compared with HA (p < 0.05) but not significantly different from diffferentiation on DBM alone (p > 0.05). Differentiation was significantly higher on DBM+OP-1 at all time points compared with HA (p < 0.05) and with HA+OP-1 [day 1, (21.1 vs 10.1) (p = 0.03); day 7 (39.4 vs 7.1) (p < 0.01); day 14 (40.2 vs 14.4) (p < 0.001)]. Conclusions: When HA+h-MSCs is combined with OP-1 in vitro its osteogenic potential is similar to that of DBM+h-MSCs alone which may be adequate for non-weight-bearing applications. Mechanical testing however is of great importance for weight-bearing applications and the in vivo testing of the composite graft HA+h-MSCs+OP-1 vs DBM+h-MSCs is recommended.     

韦克斯勒记忆量表第四版中文版(成人版)的修订

目的:修订韦克斯勒记忆量表第四版(WMS-IV)中文版(成人版),并考察其效度和信度。方法:将全国16岁以上人口作为取样总体,以年龄、性别、教育程度为主要变量按比例分层取样,选取16~69岁有效样本1561人,应用WMS-IV中文版(成人版)对样本进行个别记忆测验。该量表包括5个基本分量表(逻辑记忆、词语配对、图形重置、视觉再现、空间叠加),用于导出5个指数分;还包含1个简明认知状况测验的可选分量表。同时施测韦氏成人智力量表第四版(WAIS-IV)中文版来检验效标效度。选取样本中95名被试间隔22天后重测WMS-IV中文版(成人版)。结果:验证性因子分析表明量表的二因素结构拟合较好(χ2/df=14.77/4,RM SEA=0.04,NFI=0.99,NNFI=0.99,RFI=0.99,AGFI=0.99,SRM R=0.02);各指数分与WAIS-IV中文版工作记忆指数的相关系数为0.50~0.64,各指数分及总记忆商与总智商的相关系数为0.61~0.73(均P<0.05)。各分量表得分、过程分、指数分及总记忆商的平均信度系数分别为0.79~0.93、0.67~0.86、0.93~0.97;分量表得分、指数分及总记忆商的重测信度分别为0.40~0.69、0.68~0.76、0.78;各再认分量表分类判定的一致性系数均>0.90;评分者一致性>0.95。结论:WM S-IV中文版(成人版)具有良好的效度和信度,可以在中国成人群体中进行应用。     

微生物培养结果对THA术后慢性假体周围感染二期翻修术疗效的影响

目的:探讨全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)术后慢性假体周围感染(periprosthetic joint infection,PJI)患者的微生物培养结果对二期翻修术疗效的影响?方法:回顾性分析中国人民解放军北京军区总医院收治的48例行二期翻修术治疗的THA术后慢性PJI(共48髋)患者的临床资料?所有患者一期清创手术时取出假体并置入万古霉素骨水泥占位器;待感染控制后应用骨水泥型假体进行二期翻修,术后应用敏感抗生素治疗?疗效评估指标为控制感染耗时?感染复发率?疼痛评分(visual analog scale,VAS)?Harris髋关节评分以及常规X线检查结果?结果:细菌培养阳性(culture positive,CP)35例,培养性阴性(culture negative,CN)13例?一期清创术后所有患者的感染均得到控制,CN组控制感染耗时较CP组长[(119.3 ± 30.1)d vs.(98.4 ± 25.9)d,P=0.03];二期翻修术后门诊随访9~49个月(平均29.6个月),末次随访时所有患者的髋关节功能和疼痛较术前均有明显改善?但CN组疼痛VAS评分显著高于CP组[(2.8 ± 1.6)分 vs.(1.8 ± 1.2)分,P=0.03]?髋关节Harris评分显著低于CP组[(79.1 ± 9.1)分vs.(85.6 ± 7.1)分,P=0.01],术后优良率也明显较CP组低(53.8% vs. 85.7%,P=0.04)?CN组和CP组各有2例复发,但两组感染复发率差异无统计学意义(15.4% vs. 5.7%,P=0.62)?结论:采用二期翻修术可有效控制THA术后的慢性PJI,但CN患者的翻修术疗效明显较CP患者差?推测提高病原微生物的检出率并针对性应用敏感抗生素可能对改善PJI翻修术疗效有重要意义?