快速康复外科理念在膀胱癌患者根治性全膀胱切除术围术期护理中的应用效果

目的 分析快速康复外科(FTS)理念在膀胱癌(BC)患者根治性全膀胱切除术围术期护理中的应用效果。方法 回顾性收集我院147例BC患者,均接受根治性全膀胱切除术治疗,将2017年1月～2018年10月在围术期接受常规护理干预的73例作为对照组,将2020年1月～2021年10月在围术期接受FTS理念干预的74例作为观察组,比较两组围术期情况、不同时间点(术前1d、术后1h、1d)疼痛程度、并发症。结果 观察组术后首次下床活动、术后首次排气以及住院时间均短于对照组(P＜0.05);两组不同时间、组间、交互作用下视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS评分)比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组术前1d VAS评分比较,无明显差异(P＞0.05);而与对照组术后1h、1d VAS评分相比,观察组均较低(P＜0.05);观察组、对照组并发症发生率分别为31.08%、41.10%,组间比较,无明显差异(P＞0.05)。结论 FTS理念应用于BC患者,能减轻疼痛程度,缩短术后首次下床活动、术后首次排气时间,促进术后恢复。     

生物标志物联合检测在脓毒症相关急性肝损伤患者中的应用价值

目的:探讨生物标志物联合检测对脓毒症相关急性肝损伤患者的早期诊断和预后评估的价值。方法:收集内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院重症医学科(ICU)2019年11月-2022年1月收治的104例脓毒症患者临床资料,按照入ICU时是否发生急性肝损伤分为脓毒症相关急性肝损伤组(n=42)和非肝损伤组(n=62),将脓毒症相关急性肝损伤患者按28 d是否存活分为存活组(n=16)和死亡组(n=26),记录104例患者入ICU 6 h内血清正五聚蛋白3(PTX-3)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR值)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶原活动度(PTA)、血小板(PLT)、入ICU 24 h内急性生理与慢性健康状况评估量表II(APACHEII)评分最差值及序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分;同时记录脓毒症相关急性肝损伤患者28 d预后。PTX-3的相关性采用Spearman相关分析;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC),分析各指标单独检测以及联合检测对脓毒...     

全喉切除术中保留甲状软骨膜对手术进程和术后恢复影响的探讨

目的：探讨保留甲状软骨膜对全喉切除手术进程和病人术后恢复情况的影响。方法：在甲状软骨膜下游离甲状软骨并切断其上角。不结扎和切断舌骨下肌群和喉上动脉。保留之甲状软骨膜用以加强修复咽壁黏膜。结果：本组病例较经典全喉切除术手术时间缩短30min以上。手术中出血在100ml以下。患者术后第2d下床活动，第4d开始进食流质。手术创口均一期愈合。结论：全喉切除术中保留甲状软骨膜可有效地简化手术步骤，减少创伤和出血。利用甲状软骨膜加强咽壁黏膜缝合口，进一步减少了咽漏的发生.     

健康成人血液流变学与血脂相关性的实验研究

目的：研究健康成人血液流变学指标与血脂之间的相关性。方法：抽取西安市某单位健康查体人群各项检查结果齐全的资料117例，其中男性79例，女性38例，将采集的数据进行统计分析。结果：男性和女性之间，TG、HBV、LBV、HRV、LRV、CV、CY均有显著差异（P〈0.05）；女性资料中，血脂指标与血液流变学指标的相关性无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；男性资料中，血液流变学指标与血脂指标有相关性（P〈0．05）。结论：控制血液粘度和血脂水平是防止和减低心脑血管疾病发生的重要环节。     

Subchondroplasty in the treatment of bone Marrow lesion in early Knee Osteoarthritis: A systematic review of clinical and radiological outcomes

BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is increasingly prevalent in North American society. The significant societal burden it represents makes it essential to promote and target new treatments in earlier phases of the disease. Among others, subchondroplasty is a newly documented technique using calcium phosphate injection targeting the osteochondral lesions preceding KOA, also known as Bone Marrow Lesions (BMLs). This article aimed to review the existing literature on clinical and radiological outcomes of subchondroplasty in the treatment of BMLs in KOA.MethodA systematic review was performed using PubMed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Studies on calcium phosphate injections into BMLs for KOA and its clinical and radiological outcomes were screened and reviewed by independent evaluators.ResultsAfter screening, ten articles were included, totaling 540 patients. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 7 years. Overall, the procedure showed significant functional and quality of life improvement, as well as pain relief, as shown by Patients-Reported Outcomes Measures (PROMs). There were very few complications reported, the most important being leakage of calcium phosphate outside the targeted site. Conversion rate to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) ranged from 14 % to 30 % at 2 years post-procedure. Long term radiological outcomes have been poorly documented.ConclusionsSubchondroplasty is a promising avenue for the treatment of KOA. However, quality evidence is still required before any real conclusions and practical management guidelines can be drawn. Prospective, randomized studies with a control group and a rigorous assessment of long-term clinical and radiological outcomes are recommended.     

三七总皂甙对红系祖细胞增殖调控机理的研究

采用造血祖细胞体外培养和造血生长因子检测等实验血液学技术，研究三七总皂甙对小鼠红系祖细胞调控的生物学机理。结果表明：三七总皂甙对正常或骨髓抑制一贫血模型小鼠的红系祖细胞增殖有明显促进作用。三七总皂甙亦可提高阿糖胞苷所致祖细胞的“自杀”率；经三七总皂甙诱导制备的脾细胞，Ｌ细胞培养上清液和红系祖细胞的直殖具有较高刺激活性。     

应用检验信息系统在医院检验科实现全面质量管理

本文介绍了全面质量管理的概念，并认为TQM实际上是一个数据驱动的管理活动。检验信息系统的优点就在于能够提供各种检验数据，文中阐述了如何利用检验信息系统的这一优点，使其成为医院检验科进行全面质量管理的重要工具。     

Enzyme spectrum of the pancreas in chronic stress

The enzyme spectrum of pancreatic homogenate was studied in acute experiments on male albino rats during adaptation for 30 days to muscular exertion (forced swimming in water at a temperature of 32±1°C), heat (hyperthermia to 40–41°C), and cold (cooling to 3–4°C) for 3 h. The initial periods of adaptation to these factors (second-twelfth day) were shown to be characterized by a considerable decrease in activity of all the enzymes studied, but later, with adaptation of the animals to these factors, enzyme activity was restored to its original level (18th–24th day), and remained more or less constant until the end of the experiment (30th day). It is suggested that changes in the enzyme spectrum of the pancreas are brought about through the participation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-adrenal system in accordance with the principle of the general adaptation syndrome.Laboratory of the Physiology of Digestion and Laboratory of General Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR O. G. Gazenko.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 5, pp. 412–414, May, 1979.     

Induction of erythroid differentiation in K562 cells and natural killer cell-mediated lysis: distinct effects at the level of recognition and lysis in relation to target cell proliferation

The erythroleukemic K562 cell line was induced to erythroid differentiation by a variety of agents, including hemin, bleomycin, and cytosine arabinoside. The sensitivity of induced cells to binding and lysis by non-sensitized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) in agarose was studied in relation to the target cell division rate. Differentiated K562 cells formed a lower proportion of conjugates with MNC, when compared with non-induced controls. The reduction correlated significantly with the level of differentiation, irrespective of the inducer and the proliferative status. The differentiation-induced alterations of lysis, however, were strongly influenced by the modification of target cell growth rate which was caused by the differentiating agent. These data suggest that target cell differentiation has distinct effects upon the steps of recognition and lysis by natural killer cells.     

人体熵流的数学模型

伊·普利高津的耗散结构理论中，有一个著名的总熵变公式ｄｓ＝ｄｓｅ＋ｄｓｉ把上述公式用于人体研究，国内外尚未见报导。在前人对人体热力学系统研究的基础上，本文建立了一个人体熵流的数学模型，为进一步展开研究，提供了有力工具并奠定了可靠的理论基础。