备用根大鼠脊髓后角提取液中神经营养活性组分的分离及生物活性测定

制作备用根大鼠脊髓后角提取液，取其分子量大于10kD的组分进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析，发现手术侧和非手术侧的电泳区带数目大致相同，但手术侧样品的第四条蛋白质区带扫描的吸收峰面积百分比大于非手术侧样品的第四条区带，两者在量上可能有差别。将手术侧样品经交联葡聚精G-75凝胶层析，得到两个洗脱峰．第一峰洗脱液有促进体外培养的背根节神经元存活及其突起生长的作用，其电泳分析显示4条主带，分子量在40～80kD之间．实验结果提示部分去传入纤维支配的脊髓后角组织含有神经营养活性物质，该物质的分子量约在40～78kD之间．     

HPLC测定家兔血浆中尼群地平及其药代动力学参数

本工作建立了测定家兔血浆中尼群地平的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。方法采用YWGC_18(150×4.6mm,I.D.)柱,以甲醇:水(70:30,v/v)为流动相,UV236mm检测,兔血浆先经环己烷-异丙醇(96.5:3.5V/V)提取。本法准确、灵敏、简便。应用本法测得尼群地平在家兔体内药代动力学主要参数为:A=O.903μg/ml,α=4.873h~1,B=0.244μg/ml,β=0.396h~(-1),CL=2.8291/h。     

Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in children with the nephrotic syndrome

The aim of this study was to establish whether the criteria for the clinical effectiveness of steroids are correlated with the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in children treated with prednisone during an attack of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Thirteen patients with nephrosis were included. Prednisolone, prednisone and cortisol levels were measured using a specific high-performance liquid chromatography assay after an oral dose of 1 mg/kg body weight of prednisone taken at the onset of the disease. All the pharmacokinetic parameters, including the conversion of prednisone to prednisolone were similar to the data already published in children with INS. No correlation was found between the values of pharmacokinetic parameters and criteria of clinical effectiveness. Hypo-albuminaemia was significantly correlated with the area under the plasma-concentration curve but not with the elimination half-life of prednisolone. Moreover, the prednisolone elimination half-life correlated with the urinary exretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids achieved in the first 6h. The present study suggests that routine measurements of prednisolone kinetics do not help when assessing the treatment of children with INS.     

反相HPLC法同时测定饮料中的两种人造甜味剂

应用反相HPLC法，探讨了同一色谱条件下，食品中安赛蜜，糖精钠、咖啡因及苯甲酸的分离条件，并在此基础上建立了饮料中人造甜味剂安赛蜜、糖精钠的测定方法，取得了满意的结果。在反相C_(18)柱上，使用甲醇-冰乙酸-水（20+3.5+76.5）为流动相，可使安赛蜜、糖精钠、咖啡因，苯甲酸快速而良好地分离，254nm波长下检测，安赛蜜的线性范围为0.002～1.00g／L，最小检测量为0.04μg；糖精钠的线性范围为0.005～1.00g／L，最小检测量为0.08μg，在饮料分析中，外标单点校正法测得数据再用标准添加法处理进而求出的回收率分别为安赛蜜97.6％（n=5,CV=0.74%)、103.5%（n=5，CV=1.l%）、95.l%（n=5，CV=0.73%）；糖精钠97.9%（n=5，CV=0.66％）、99.9%（n=5，CV=0.73%)、102.1％（n=5，CV=0.18%）。本方法分析步骤简便，且检测波长适用于国产单波长检测器。     

阿魏酸在血瘀证兔体内的药代动力学

为验证及研究症治药动学假说（ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅａｎｄＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔＰｈａｒｍａｃｏｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｓ，Ｓ＆ＴＰＫ）的客观性和基本规律，本文以ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法同时测定了活血祛瘀药物阿魏酸在正常及高分子右旋糖酐所制血瘀症（微循环障碍）兔体内经时浓度，以ＭＣＰＫＰ药动学程序在ＣＯＭＰＡＱ８０３８６机上自动拟合了药动学参数。统计结果表明，与正常组相比，阿魏酸在血瘀症兔体内的分布容积（Ｖ＿１和Ｖ＿Ｂ）及消除速率（ＣＬＢ）显著减小（Ｐ＜０．０５），半衰期（ｔ＿（１／２β）及相同时间段曲线下面积（ＡＵＱ）非常显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：实验结果基本符合Ｓ＆ＴＰＫ的观点：即同一药物在不同证兔体内的药代动力学参数经统计学处理有显著差异。     

手性液晶的研究——Ⅸ．联苯羧酸酯类

合成了文题所述的十三个手性液晶化合物。经元素分析和红外光谱分析确证了其结构，并进行了相态、相变温度和电滞回线的测定，证实其为铁电液晶。     

Clinical experience with minimal flow xenon anesthesia

Xenon is a more potent anesthetic than nitrous oxide, and gives more profound analgesia. This investigation was performed to assess the potential of xenon for becoming an anesthetic inspite of its high manufacturing cost. Seven ASA I—-II patients undergoing cholecystectomy (n = 4), hernia repair (n = 2), or mammoplasty (n=l) were studied. Denitrogenation by 15–20 min of oxygen breathing under propofol anesthesia was followed by fentanyl–supplemented xenon anesthesia administered via an automatic minimal flow system which held the oxygen concentration at 30%. Xenon anesthesia lasted 76–228 min and 8–14 1 of xenon (ATPD) was used, of which 5.6–8.1 1 was expended during the first 15 min. Anesthesia appeared to be satisfactory, and the patients woke up rapidly after xenon was discontinued. The automatic system made minimal flow xenon anesthesia easy to administer, but nitrogen accumulation is still a problem. Assuming a xenon price of 10 US $ per litre, the average cost for xenon was about 65 US $ for the first 15 min and then about 25 USS for each subsequent hour of anesthesia.     

鸡蛋清中卵转铁蛋白的分离提取

采用固定化金属螯合亲和色谱法(IMAC),从蛋清中分离和提取卵转铁蛋白(OVT).结果表明,采用均质处理蛋清液并结合硅藻土过滤澄清的预处理方法,去除了蛋清中的粘蛋白等一些影响柱分离的杂质蛋白,减轻了色谱柱的污染,延长了柱的使用寿命,从而降低了生产成本.SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示,分离提取的OVT纯度达到96%,远高于商品OVT;电喷雾质谱分析显示,OVT的相对分子质量为76 500.     

复方桂枝汤中芍药甙煎出量的动态分析

 本实验运用CS－930双波长薄层色谱扫描仪，分析测定桂枝汤方剂在煎煮过程中，其主药芍药的主要化学成分芍药甙量的动态变化。结果表明，煎煮时间在30min时，芍药甙煎出量较高。该法简便、快速，色谱分离良好，排除了其它成分的干扰。平行性和重现性较好。     

霉变谷物中霉菌毒素的污染调查

应用酶联免疫吸附测定法和薄层色谱法,对安徽、河南部分地区1991年因特大洪涝灾害造成粮食霉变而引起食物中毒的小麦和大米样品,进行了霉菌毒素[黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、T-2毒素(T-2)及赭曲霉毒素A(OA)等]的检测。在测定的样品中,检出了高含量的DON和T-2。其中,霉变小麦中,T-2的污染阳性率为96.9%。最高含量为1064.4μg/kg,平均含量为212.1μg/kg;6份霉变大米中,T-2平均含量达532.0μg/kg。