左乙拉西坦治疗原发性癫痫的临床疗效及其对生活质量的影响

目的探讨左乙拉西坦治疗原发性癫痫的临床疗效,及其对生活质量的影响。方法选择符合标准的患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组应用左乙拉西坦,对照组应用丙戊酸钠,比较两组临床治疗效果及其生活质量。结果治疗6个月后,观察组患者癫痫发作完全控制率及QOLIE-31评分高于对照组,痫样波放电率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论左乙拉西坦治疗新诊断原发性癫痫,能有效控制癫痫发作和痫样放电,提高患者生活质量,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

丙戊酸镁缓释片单用与和喹硫平伍用治疗老年躁狂发作的对照研究

目的：探讨喹硫平合并丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗老年双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效和安全性。方法选择2013年5月至2014年5月在解放军第261医院,住院符合国际疾病分类-10（ICD-10）双相情感障碍躁狂发作诊断的46例患者,年龄60-78岁。46例符合ICD-10躁狂发作的老年患者随机分为喹硫平合并丙戊酸镁缓释片组（研究组）和单用丙戊酸镁缓释片组（对照组）。治疗6周,应用贝克？拉范森躁狂量表（BRMS）评定疗效,治疗意外症状量表（副反应量表,TESS）评定不良反应。结果治疗过程中每组BRMS总分都有显著下降（P＜0.05）,治疗2周后研究组总分及因子分言语/吵闹、睡眠与对照组比较,差异存在统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗6周后,研究组与对照组临床总有效率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组均无严重的药物不良反应,两组TESS评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论喹硫平和丙戊酸镁缓释片伍用治疗老年躁狂发作疗效较好,安全性较好,特别是在治疗初期（2周末）能更好的控制兴奋症状和改善睡眠。     

The Impact of Graphene and Diatomite Admixtures on the Performance and Properties of High-Performance Magnesium Oxychloride Cement Composites

A high-performance magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) composite composed of silica sand, diatomite powder, and doped with graphene nanoplatelets was prepared and characterized. Diatomite was used as a 10 vol.% replacement for silica sand. The dosage of graphene was 0.5 wt.% of the sum of the MgO and MgCl₂·6H₂O masses. The broad product characterization included high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses. The macrostructural parameters, pore size distribution, mechanical resistance, stiffness, hygric and thermal parameters of the composites matured for 28-days were also the subject of investigation. The combination of diatomite and graphene nanoplatelets greatly reduced the porosity and average pore size in comparison with the reference material composed of MOC and silica sand. In the developed composites, well stable and mechanically resistant phase 5 was the only precipitated compound. Therefore, the developed composite shows high compactness, strength, and low water imbibition which ensure high application potential of this novel type of material in the construction industry.     

Ionized magnesium and calcium concentration and their ratio in equine plasma samples as determined by a regulatory laboratory compared to a clinical reference laboratory

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) was administered to calm competition horses. We evaluated the impact of regulatory requirements for the handling of blood samples on plasma ionized magnesium (iMg), ionized calcium (iCa), the iMg to iCa ratio, and pH. We hypothesized that iCa, iMg. and iMg/iCa would be similar among storage and collection methods. Four blood samples were collected from each of 50 horses on the same day: Group 1 – collection in a heparinized syringe and processed within hours in a clinical laboratory; Group 2 – collection into a plasma separator tube (PST) centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed as in (1); Group 3 – collection into a PST, refrigerated, shipped via overnight carrier to the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Equine Drug Testing and Research laboratory, centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed; and Group 4 – as in Group 3, but stored frozen at ?80°C for 90 days, thawed, and plasma processed as in Group 3. Results for iMg/iCa are unit‐less, adjusted iMg for potential influence of plasma protein and iCa, and highly correlated with iMg pH (r = ?.933; P < 0.01). Samples processed immediately in a clinical reference laboratory had the greatest iMg/iCa. Both iMg/iCa and pH predictably decreased after freezing (P < 0.001). These data suggest that the iMg/iCa mirrors alterations in iMg regardless of storage and collection methods. This understanding can facilitate the development of a regulatory threshold for the control of the nefarious use of magnesium sulfate in competing horses, and an understanding of potential changes to iMg/iCa with storage of B samples.     

Influence of Zeolite Coating on the Corrosion Resistance of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy

The protective performance of zeolite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 0.1 M sodium chloride solution (NaCl). Electrical equivalent circuit (EEC) was developed based upon hypothetical corrosion mechanisms and simulated to correspond to the experimental data. The morphology and the chemical nature of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Post corrosion morphologies of the zeolite coated and the uncoated AZ91D alloy were investigated using SEM. The corrosion resistance of the zeolite coated specimen was at least one order of magnitude higher than the uncoated specimen.     

重度支气管哮喘硫酸镁治疗疗效分析

目的探讨重度支气管哮喘应用硫酸镁治疗疗效与安全性。方法将2009年11月～2011年4月于我院诊治的支气管哮喘重度患者81例分为两组。对照组39例均给予吸氧、平喘等常规治疗;观察组42例在对照组治疗外另给予硫酸镁治疗。结果观察组42例患者显效34例,有效7例,无效1例,总有效率97.62%,显著高于对照组(χ2=12.85,P<0.01)。两组患者均无不良反应。结论对重度支气管哮喘患者在常规治疗外静脉滴注硫酸镁治疗,疗效显著。     

Common trace elements alleviate pain in an experimental mouse model

Trace elements represent a group of essential metals or metaloids necessary for life, present in minute amounts. Analgesic adjuvants can enhance the effect of other pain drugs or be used for pain control themselves. Previous studies on the effects of trace elements on nociception and their potential use as analgesic adjuvants have yielded conflicting results. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that three vital trace elements (Zn²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cu²⁺) have direct antinociceptive effects. Groups of eight Swiss mice were intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with incremental concentrations of Zn²⁺ sulfate (0.5, 2.0 mg/kg), Zn²⁺ citrate (0.125, 0.5 mg/kg), Mg²⁺ chloride (37.5, 75, 150 mg/kg), Cu²⁺ chloride (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg), and Cu²⁺ sulfate (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) or saline (control). Evaluations were made by hot plate (HP) and tail flick (TF) tests for central antinociceptive effect, writhing test (WT) for visceral antinociceptive effect, and activity cage (AC) test for spontaneous behavior. Zn²⁺ induced pain inhibition in HP/TF tests (up to 17%) and WT (up to 25%), with no significant differences among the salts used. Mg²⁺ salts induced pain inhibition for all performed tests (up to 85% in WT). Cu²⁺ salts showed antinociceptive effects for HP/TF (up to 28.6%) and WT (57.28%). Only Mg²⁺ and Cu²⁺ salts have displayed significant effects in AC (Mg²⁺ anxiolytic/depressant effect; Cu²⁺ anxiolytic effect). We interpret these data to mean that all tested trace elements induced antinociceptive effects in central and visceral pain tests. Our data indicate the potential use of these cheap adjuvants in pain therapy. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

利培酮单药或与丙戊酸钠联用对精神分裂症兴奋躁动的作用及安全性比较

目的:比较利培酮单药或与丙戊酸钠联用对精神分裂症兴奋躁动的作用和安全性.方法:54例兴奋躁动的精神分裂症患者随机分为利培酮单药组和利培酮联用丙戊酸钠组.两组均给予利培酮2 ～4 mg/d治疗7d;联用组加用丙戊酸钠800 mg/d静脉滴注共3d.分别于治疗前、治疗后3、5及7d采用阳性和阴性症状量表-兴奋因子量表(PANSS-EC)、外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)和治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)对患者进行评估. 结果:两组治疗后各时间点PANSS-EC和MOAS评分均较治疗前下降;治疗7d时联用组PANSS-EC和MOAS评显著低于单药组(t=3.822,t=5.195,P均＜0.01);两组治疗后各时间点TESS评分差异无统计学意义(t=-0.731,P ＞0.05). 结论:利培酮联用丙戊酸钠治疗精神分裂症兴奋躁动的效果好于单用利培酮,不良反应相当.     

丙戊酸钠改善精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的对照研究

目的 探讨丙戊酸钠改善精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的疗效.方法 将80例精神分裂症患者随机分成研究组(40例)和对照组(40例),研究组患者使用新型抗精神病药合并丙戊酸钠系统治疗,对照组患者单用新型抗精神病药物系统治疗,共治疗8周.全部病例在治疗前后分别进行阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)、韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-RC)、韦氏记忆量表(WMS)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)进行疗效评定,应用治疗中需处理的不良反应症状量表(TESS)评定不良反应.结果 与基线时比较,两组在治疗后第4、8周末PANSS总分及各因子分均有明显降低(P＜0.05),研究组治疗后第8周末PANSS总分及各因子分均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后第8周末,两组WMS、WAIS-RC、WCST评分与基线时比较,除即刻记忆评分外其余各项评分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组间比较,除即刻记忆评分外其余各项评分均有显著性差异(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 丙戊酸钠对精神分裂症患者的认知功能障碍有明显改善效果.