Risk factors of aseptic intracranial venous occlusive disease

Introduction – Risk factors for aseptic intracranial venous occlusive disease are varied but only few epidemiologic studies were performed to verify the relative importance of particular factors. Patients and methods – A 2-year hospital-based prospective study was conducted in two hospitals to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with confirmed aseptic intracranial venous occlusive disease. Results – 21 patients were identified, representing 0.9% of the total neurological admissions. Men were more commonly affected than women; 81% of the patients presented in a clinical picture indistinguishable from idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Risk factors included Behçet's disease in 4, the puerperium in 3, thrombophelia in 3, familial Mediterranean fever in 2, malignancies in 1, lupus anticoagulant in 1, and the contraceptive pill in 1. Conclusion – Aseptic intracranial venous occlusive disease proved to be not rare in Arabs. It should be considered seriously in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, particularly in males. Several risk factors were incriminated.     

EHF患者血清肌酐、尿素氮与尿中细胞融合指数的相关性

为探讨流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）患者肾脏损害与其尿液中融合细胞的融合指数（ＦＩ）之间的关系，检测了１６０例ＥＨＦ患者尿液融合细胞的ＦＩ值与血清中肌酐（Ｃｒ）、尿素氮（Ｂｕｎ）的水平，并将尿液融合细胞的ＦＩ值和相应患者血中Ｃｒ、Ｂｕｎ峰值进行相关性分析。结果表明，患者尿液融合细胞的ＦＩ值与血清Ｃｒ、Ｂｕｎ峰值呈直线正相关关系（ｒ＝０．８４８８，０．８７８１）。提示根据尿液融合细胞的融合程度可以判断患者肾脏损害的程度。     

登革热暴发时护理部的协调作用

目的通过介绍登革热疫病患者收治过程中综合医院护理部快速应对。方法采取感染科昆虫隔离，医院区域环境综合治理的方法。结果78d共收治127例登革热患者，综合医院业务正常运行，无院内感染发生。结论迅速有效防止疫情蔓延，收到良好的社会效益。护理部在此次突发事件中，发挥重要的协调作用。     

从EHF流产胎儿脏器中分离野鼠型EHFV

用VeroE 6细胞对1例流行性出血热(EHF)妊娠7个月的流产死胎7种脏器进行了病毒分离。结果在胎脑、肝、胎盘和胸腺等脏器中分离出病毒。经阻断试验、中和试验、免疫电镜检查、野鼠型及家鼠型单克隆抗体分析和感染大白鼠后抗原抗体鉴定,证实4株病毒均属野鼠型、并发现该病毒在VeroE 6细胞上适应后能产生典型细胞病变(CPE)。     

间接法ELISA检测流行性出血热抗体

用间接法ELISA检测流行性出血热IgG抗体。54份EHF病人血清全部阳性,32份正常人、19份发热病人和18份误诊为EHF病人的血清全部阴性,与IFA检测结果相同。检测EHF病人系列血清,发病3d就可检出抗EHF IgG,抗体滴度随病程升高,表明间接法ELISA可用于EHF临床诊断。将间接法ELISA与IFA、RPHI和HI平行检测30份EHF病人血清,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1:43 211、1:413、1:253和1:143,有高度相关性,且ELISA比RPHI和HI更能检测出早期抗体。检测疫区人群血清4134份,间接法ELISA检出490份阳性,而IFA仅检出470份。结果表明间接法ELISA有较好的敏感度和特异度,尤其适用于血清流行病学研究。     

儿童风湿热和风心病60例临床分析

收集1983年1月～1993年1月按修定的Jones标准诊断为风湿热和风心病并风湿活动的5～15岁患儿共60例,并进行了分析,认为诊断风湿热或风湿活动应开展多项目、多指标联合检查,并结合临床综合分析。强的松与阿斯匹林联合应用较单一用药为优,并应坚持全疗程。预防风心病关键在于防止风湿热的复发.     

41例肾综合征出血热患者细胞免疫变化的研究

目的　研究肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)患者外周血T细胞亚群的变化 ,以探讨其在HFRS发病中的作用。方法　应用流式细胞仪检测 4 1例HFRS患者外周血及 10例正常人外周血的T淋巴细胞 (CD3)、亚群CD4、CD8细胞的数量及CD4 /CD8比值。结果　HFRS患者病程中存在CD3、CD4、CD8细胞数量的不同程度升高 ,与对照组相比 ,CD3、CD8细胞数于发热期、低血压期、多尿期均显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1) ;CD4细胞数于低血压期、少尿期明显增高 (P <0 0 1) ;CD4 /CD8比值下降 ,于发热期、低血压期、少尿期明显降低 ,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 5或 0 0 1) ;在HFRS不同病型中 ,随病型加重 ,CD3、CD4、CD8细胞数也随之增高 ,在重型达最高值 ,危重型患者略有下降。危重型患者显著升高的CD3细胞以CD8细胞为主 ,病情愈重 ,CD4 /CD8比值愈低。结论　T淋巴细胞亚群改变细胞免疫功能紊乱与HFRS发病密切相关     

Lung function of workers exposed to antigens from a contaminated air-conditioning system

Summary Following the manifestation of humidifier fever in a number of workers in a carpet yarn texturing plant, a comparative study was begun of a group of workers exposed to fungi from the air-conditioning system and a control group not so exposed. For both group of workers anamnestic data were collected, intracutaneous skin tests were performed, certain lung function parameters were determined, and the presence of antibodies to a number of antigens from the system was tested for. It was found that the group of exposed workers had a significantly higher rate of positive intracutaneous skin test than non-exposed workers. Additionally, their serology was more often positive. Both positive skin test and positive serology were more frequent in non-smokers than in smokers. A positive immediate skin reaction among exposed workers was found to correlate with an FEF_25–75 reduction during the working week. A positive delayed skin reaction among exposed workers correlated with a lower FVC prior to the start of the working week than recorded for non-exposed workers. A positive serology in exposed workers did not correlate with a difference in lung function compared with non-exposed workers, nor was there a correlation with a change in lung function in the course of the working week. When humidifier fever is diagnosed, steps should be taken to reduce exposure. It would also appear desirable to keep exposed workers under medical observation and to monitor the subsequent development of their lung function.     

62例肾综合征出血热患者肝功检测分析

本文通过对６２例肾综合征出血热患者的肝功检测，发现５０例（８０．７％）有不同程度的肝功改变。主要是单项谷丙转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）的轻、中度升主。部分伴有血清总胆红素（ＴＢＩＬ）的升高及血清白蛋白降低。结果显示出血热患者可以合并肝损害，且损害愈重，预后愈差。     

Absence of fever following intrahypothalamic injections of prostaglandins in sheep.

Twelve adult female sheep were implanted stereotaxically with an array of 4–6 guide tubes positioned bilaterally above the hypothalamus. In addition, other sheep were implanted with cannulae to allow injections to be made into their lateral ventricles. Following recovery from surgery, body temperatures were monitored and bilateral (1 μl) injections were made into 92 sites throughout the hypothalamus. Prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁ or E₂ (0.2–2.0 μg) did not cause fever on any occasion. Injection of 100 μg of PGE₁ into a lateral ventricle caused fever which reached a peak within 1 hr of injection. Injection of bacterial pyrogen (///S. abortus equi// or ///E. coli// pyrogen, 0.2 μg) into the same sites into which prostaglandin injections were made caused fever after some, but not all injections into the anterior hypothalamic/preoptic area (AH/POA). Thus, sheep may be able to develop fever without the central involvement of prostaglandin, or, if it does play a role, it may act within the brain at a site other than the AH/POA.