丁二酸洛沙平治疗精神分裂症对照研究的Meta分析

目的:探讨丁二酸洛沙平治疗精神分裂症的疗效。方法:应用Meta分析对6项研究丁二酸洛沙平与其它抗精神病药治疗精神分裂症对照研究的文献进行再分析,评价其合并效应量的大小和综合显著性检验。结果:丁二酸洛沙平治疗前后的自身对照,合并效应量d=2.80,95%CI为(2.55,3.05),综合显著性检验x2=21.93,P<0.01,提示丁二酸洛沙平治疗精神分裂症前后症状学变化有非常显著性差异,效应极强。丁二酸洛沙平与对照药在第2周末和治疗后组间的比较,提示丁二酸洛沙平与对照药疗效相当,没有显著性差异。结论:丁二酸洛沙平与对照药的疗效无显著性差异。     

聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯在纳米制剂中的应用进展

目的综述聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯(D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succi-nate,TPGS)在各种纳米制剂中的最新进展。方法查阅国内外相关文献共48篇,对这些文献进行分析、概括和总结。结果 TPGS能够提高药物包封率和细胞吸收,改善药物释放,提高药物生物利用度,并能协同起抗癌疗效。广泛应用于聚合物纳米粒、聚合物胶束、纳米脂质体、纳米药物等纳米给药系统中。结论 TPGS在纳米制剂中有着良好应用前景。     

索利那新联合PCEA技术防治前列腺术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛的临床研究

[目的]探讨耻骨上前列腺摘除术后,采用索利那新联合硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA)技术防治膀胱痉挛性疼痛的效果.[方法]将50例行耻骨上前列腺摘除术患者随机分为试验组和对照组各25例.对照组患者术后给予PCEA 3天,试验组在此基础上于术前1天起口服索利那新片5 mg,每天1次,至术后第7天.观察两组患者术后3天内膀胱痉挛率、膀胱冲洗时间及药物不良反应情况.[结果]试验组膀胱痉挛痛率为20％,对照组为48％;试验组膀胱冲洗时间为(2.55±0.90)天,对照组为(3.76±0.64)天;试验组膀胱痉挛痛率、膀胱冲洗时间均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).药物不良反应无显著差异.[结论]索利那新联合PCEA技术能更好地防治前列腺术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛,可于基层医院推广应用.     

RP-HPLC法测定人血浆中穿琥宁含量及药代动力学研究

目的:研究穿琥宁在人体内的药代动力学过程并建立人生物样品的高效液相色谱方法。方法:采用液-液萃取的方法从生物样品中提取出穿琥宁后用Diaminsil-C18(2)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)柱进行分离,采用的流动相为:乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲液[0.5 g.L-1磷酸二氢钾,用磷酸调节pH至2.5(±0.05)](43∶57,v/v)。结果:穿琥宁在人体内静脉给药200 mg后药代动力学符合二室模型,统计距参数为:Cmax为(9.796±2.306)μg.mL-1、Tmax(1.382±0.231)h、T1/2z(1.678±0.509)h。结论:此方法快捷、灵敏、简便,适合于穿琥宁的药代动力学研究。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大鼠血浆中脱水穿心莲内酯琥珀酸半酯的含量(英文)

目的建立了测定大鼠血浆中脱水穿心莲内酯琥珀酸半酯(DAS)的液相色谱-串联质谱法。方法血浆样品经液-液萃取后,以甲醇-水(70∶30,V/V)为流动相,通过Restek PinnacleⅡC18柱分离,格列吡嗪为内标,选择负离子扫描方式,以多反应监测(MRM)方式进行检测。用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z 531→m/z 431(DAS)和m/z 444→m/z319(格列吡嗪,内标)。结果DAS血浆浓度测定方法的线性范围为5～2500 ng/ml,定量下限为5 ng/ml。日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于9.51%,准确度(RE)在-0.18%~1.93%。样品提取回收率为79.73%~85.99%,每个样品的测试时间为3 min。应用此法测试了大鼠口服或静注穿琥宁(DAS的单钾盐)后DAS的血药浓度,计算出其绝对生物利用度为3.69%。结论本方法灵敏度高、专属性强,适合于DAS的临床前药动学研究。     

炎琥宁治疗小儿毛细支气管炎64例疗效观察

目的：进一步探讨了解炎琥宁治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法：以本院在2009年10月～2010年10月收治的64例小儿毛细支气管炎患者作为本组的研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,将所有的患者随机分为两组,两组常规给予抗感染、吸氧、止咳等治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予患儿静脉滴注炎琥宁,观察两组患儿的症状和体征变化。结果：治疗组中治愈的有30例,治愈率为93.75%,对照组中治愈的有22例,治愈率为68.75%。两组毛细支气管炎患儿症状消失时间和住院时间、疗效比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：临床中炎琥宁治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效确切,可以取得满意的治疗效果,值得在临床中推广应用。     

The rate of ATP export in the extramitochondrial phase via the adenine nucleotide translocator changes in aging in mitochondria isolated from heart left ventricle of either normotensive or spontaneously hypertensive rats

To find out whether and how deficit of cellular energy supply from mitochondria to cytosol occurs in aging and hypertension, we used mitochondria isolated from 5 to 72 week-old heart left ventricle of either normotensive (WKY) or spontaneous hypertensive (SH) rats as a model system. Measurements were made of the rate of ATP appearance outside mitochondria, due to externally added ADP, as an increase of NADPH absorbance which occurs when ATP is produced in the presence of glucose, hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Such a rate proved to mirror the function of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) rather than other processes linked to the both oxidative and substrate level phosphorylation. The changes in both Ki for atractyloside and Km for ADP suggest the occurrence of modification of the ANT conformation during aging in which the ANT Vmax was found to decrease in normotensive but to increase under spontaneously hypertension in 24 week-old rats with a subsequent decrease in both cases. ANT function, as investigated in the ADP physiological range (20-60 μM), is expected to decrease in normotensive, but to increase in hypertensive rats up to 48 weeks. Later a decrease in the ATP rate of export outside mitochondria should occur in both cases.     

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Biodegradable/Biocompatible Poly[propylene‐co‐(ethylene succinate)] Random Copolyesters

Random biocompatible/biodegradable poly[propylene‐co‐(ethylene succinate)]s were prepared. Mechanical properties and crystallization rates decreased with propylene succinate content. Glass transition temperatures (T_g) varied between those for the homopolymers. DSC and TMDSC findings showed that multiple melting behaviour of PPESu samples is related to melting–recrystallization–remelting. WAXD observations, eutectic behaviour, and thermodynamic analysis of the equilibrium melting point depression indicated isodimorphic cocrystallization. The copolymers showed enzymatic hydrolysis rates between those of the homopolymers and cytotoxicity/biocompatibility similar to PLA.

     

吸入布地奈德治疗毛细支气管炎

目的探讨吸入布地奈德混悬液在治疗毛细支气管炎中的地位。方法将103例轻中症毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为治疗组53例,对照组50例,在常规治疗基础上,治疗组吸入布地奈德混悬液,对照组同样吸人布地奈德混悬液,另外静滴琥珀酸氢考,观察哮鸣音减少、消失及住院时间。结果两组间比较哮鸣音减少、消失及住院时间,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论吸入布地奈德在治疗轻中症毛细支气管炎中效果肯定,同时静滴琥珀酸氢考不能获得更好的疗效。     

Metabolic profiling studies on the toxicological effects of realgar in rats by H NMR spectroscopy

The toxicological effects of realgar after intragastrical administration (1 g/kg body weight) were investigated over a 21 day period in male Wistar rats using metabonomic analysis of ¹H NMR spectra of urine, serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts. Liver and kidney histopathology examination and serum clinical chemistry analyses were also performed. ¹H NMR spectra and pattern recognition analyses from realgar treated animals showed increased excretion of urinary Kreb's cycle intermediates, increased levels of ketone bodies in urine and serum, and decreased levels of hepatic glucose and glycogen, as well as hypoglycemia and hyperlipoidemia, suggesting the perturbation of energy metabolism. Elevated levels of choline containing metabolites and betaine in serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts and increased serum creatine indicated altered transmethylation. Decreased urinary levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide, phenylacetylglycine and hippurate suggested the effects on the gut microflora environment by realgar. Signs of impairment of amino acid metabolism were supported by increased hepatic glutamate levels, increased methionine and decreased alanine levels in serum, and hypertaurinuria. The observed increase in glutathione in liver tissue aqueous extracts could be a biomarker of realgar induced oxidative injury. Serum clinical chemistry analyses showed increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as increased levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, indicating slight liver and kidney injury. The time-dependent biochemical variations induced by realgar were achieved using pattern recognition methods. This work illustrated the high reliability of NMR-based metabonomic approach on the study of the biochemical effects induced by traditional Chinese medicine.