Assessment of anti-inflammatory activity of Poria cocos in sodium lauryl sulphate-induced irritant contact dermatitis

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of Poria cocos (PoCo) on experimentally induced irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) in a repeated sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) irritation model. METHODS: The anti-irritative effect of PoCo was evaluated with a visual score and quantified by non-invasive bioengineering methods, namely chromametry and transepidermal water loss. Three concentrations of PoCo in base cream DAC (amphiphilic emollient; German pharmacopoeia) were tested in a 4-day repetitive irritation test using SLS. RESULTS: A statistically significant anti-inflammatory activity was observed for PoCo by all three methods when applied in parallel to the induction period of ICD. Application of PoCo after induction of ICD once a day for 5 days, starting just at the end of 4 days, was without any effect. CONCLUSION: An anti-inflammatory efficacy of PoCo on the elicitation phase of the ICD induced by repeated SLS test could be observed and quantified by three independent, non-invasive biophysical assessment parameters. This effect can be explained by its influence on pro-inflammatory enzymes, namely phospholipase A2.     

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced colonic strictures and perforation: A case report

Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colopathy is well described, colonic perforations complicating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug intake are rare. We report a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was on long-term diclofenac and presented with early colonic stricture formation and a caecal perforation, which to the best of our knowledge, has only been reported once before. It is important to suspect this diagnosis in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy who present with an acute abdomen.     

消化性溃疡病因分析

[目的]探讨幽门螺旋杆菌感染和非甾体类消炎药应用与消化性溃疡的关系．[方法]对1062例消化不良患者进行内窥镜检壹、快速尿素酶实验和血清抗幽门螺旋杆菌免疫球蛋白检验，同时记录非甾体类消炎药的应用情况，计算消化不良患者消化性溃疡发病事、幽门螺旋杆菌感染率及非甾体类消炎药应用率．[结果]溃疡发病率为29．3％，幽门螺旋杆菌感染串为37．2％，非甾体类消炎药使用率为10．0％．[结论]幽门螺旋杆菌及非甾体类消炎药相互作用干上消化道黏膜．是引发消化性溃疡的重要病因．     

特异性COX-2抑制剂保护骨关节炎软骨的临床观察

目的探讨特异性COX-2抑制剂对骨关节炎的关节软骨保护作用的临床研究。方法门诊选取膝关节骨关节炎患者80例,随机分为特异性COX-2抑制剂组和维骨力对照组,各40例,单盲给药。应用平均Womac关节炎指数评分和平均OA严重程度指数评定两组用药前后临床症状改善情况及使用血清软骨代谢标志物蛋白聚糖与型胶原和关节MRI进行检测关节软骨结构与功能的改变情况,并作统计学分析。结果经12个月治疗观察,特异性COX-2抑制剂组的平均Womac关节炎指数评分和平均OA严重程度指数在前3个月改善明显优于维骨力对照组(P<0.01),但在治疗12个月后,两组差异不显著(P>0.05);治疗12个月后特异性COX-2抑制剂组的软骨代谢指标蛋白聚糖和型胶原及关节MRI均显示组内变化显著(P<0.01),而与维骨力组对比结果无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论特异性COX-2抑制剂对骨关节炎的软骨有保护和促进修复作用,兼有抗炎与保护软骨双重疗效,它是一类既能改善关节炎症状又能改善关节软骨结构的药物,值得临床广泛应用。同时本研究为其在临床应用和进一步研究此类药物提供了更好的理论基础和依据。     

Short-term niflumic-acid-induced acute renal failure in children

Several reports emphasize the adverse effects of non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on renal function. We haveobserved over the last 10 years seven cases of acute renal failure(ARF) due to immune interstitial nephritis in children. A recommendedoral or rectal dose of niflumic acid was prescribed for ear-nose-throatdisorders, Length of exposure was 1–5 days. Clinical symptoms (oedema, oliguria or anuria) appeared between3 and 6 days. Three patients had previously received the drug.Hypersensitivity signs (fever, skin rash, eosinophilia, and/orincreased IgE) were present in all cases, leukocyturia in fivecases, and haematuria in six cases. Renal biopsy showed interstitiallesions with lymphocyte, eosinophil, and plasma cell infiltrateswithout tubular cell necrosis. Glomeruli were normal on light-microscopy,except in one patient. Electron-microscopy showed extensivepodocyte fusion in two patients, who had clinical and laboratoryevidence of nephrotic syndrome (NS). ARF rapidly disappeared after NSAID withdrawal, except in twopatients whose renal failure was irreversible despite methylprednisolonebolus. ARF is very rare in children treated with niflumic acid.When ARF occurs, different pathophysiological mechanisms areinvolved but the most common is immunological.     

神效止痛膏的镇痛作用

用二甲苯所致的急性炎症模型观察了神效止痛膏的抗急性炎症作用．用扭体法、热板法观察了神效止痛膏对小鼠的镇痛作用．结果表明，神效止痛膏有很好的镇痛作用．     

Partially Reversible Chronic Renal Failure Due to Long-term Use of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

A case of partially reversible chronic renal failure due tolong-term NSAID use is discussed. An analysis of this and similarcases recently reported indicates many similarities betweenchronic NSAID nephropathy and analgesic nephropathy.     

柴黄复方颗粒抗炎镇痛作用及机制研究

目的:观察柴黄复方颗粒抗炎镇痛作用及其作用机制。方法:采用角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀法、醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加法、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)致小鼠腹腔白细胞数增多法评价药物的抗炎作用及其机制;采用热板致痛法和醋酸致痛法评价药物的镇痛作用;用Elisa法测定炎性组织中白介素1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量,放免法检测前列腺素E₂(PGE₂)的含量,紫外分光光度法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:柴黄复方颗粒能抑制大鼠足肿胀程度和CMC-Na所致小鼠腹腔白细胞游走,降低肿胀足中IL-1,TNF-α,PGE₂和MDA的含量及小鼠毛细血管通透性,对抗热板和醋酸刺激引起的小鼠疼痛反应。结论:柴黄复方颗粒具有一定的抗炎和镇痛作用,其作用机制与降低炎性组织中的IL-1,TNF-α,PGE₂和MDA的含量有关。     

新法加工附子与附片抗炎镇痛作用比较研究

目的：比较新法加工附子在总生物碱高于附片13倍时，其抗炎、镇痛的效果是否有差异。方法：通过小鼠热板法、扭体法、小鼠耳廓肿胀法和大鼠足趾肿胀法进行镇痛和抗炎作用比较。结果：二者对热板法小鼠的痛阈值均无提高．均能减少酒石酸钾所致小鼠扭体次数．对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶所致大鼠足趾肿胀具有抑制作用。但二者之间比较差异无显著性。结论：新法加工附子保存了其原有疗效，但和总生物碱无量效相关性，其中是否有新的活性成份，有待进一步研究探讨。     

The anti-inflammatory profile of fluticasone propionate

Fluticasone propionate is a new corticosteroid based on the androstane nucleus. It is more lipophilic than beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and budesonide, and binds more avidly to human lung tissue. It has an absolute affinity (K_D) of 0.5 nM for the glucocorticoid receptor and a relative receptor aflinity 1.5- and 3.0-times greater than that of beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP) and budesonide, respectively. The rate of association with the receptor is faster and the rate of dissociation slower than with standard corticosteroids. As a result, the half-life of the corticosteroid-receptor complex is >10 h. Fluticasone propionate is also highly selective for the glucocorticoid receptor, with little or no activity at other steroid receptors. Pretreatment with fluticasone propionate signiflcantly inhibits the increase in mast cell numbers in the nasal mucosa of rats chronically exposed to toluene di-isocyanate (TDI), and suppresses TDI-induced mast cell degranulation. It is more potent in vitro than dexamethasone, BDP and budesonide in inhibiting anti-CD3-induced human T-lymphocyte proliferation, in attenuating tumour necrosis factor-α-induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression, and in increasing secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor levels in airway epithelial cells. It is also more potent and longer-acting than other corticosteroids in inhibiting oedema formation, interleukin-5 (IL-5)-induced blood eosinophilia, and IL-5- or platelet activating factor-stimulated eosinophil accumulation in the lung. Fluticasone propionate therefore has increased intrinsic glucocorticoid potency and high topical anti-inflammatory activity.