“Do You Have a Healthy Smile?”

This article examines whether cosmetic interventions by dentists and plastic surgeons are medically indicated and, hence, qualify as medical interventions proper. Cosmetic interventions (and the business strategies used to market them) are often frowned upon by dentists and physicians. However, if those interventions do not qualify as medical interventions proper, they should not be evaluated using medical-ethical norms. On the other hand, if they are to be considered medical practice proper, the medical-ethical principles of nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice and others hold true for cosmetic interventions as much as they do for other medical and dental interventions. It is concluded that most cosmetic interventions do not qualify as medical interventions proper because they do not restore or maintain the patient's health (defined as the patient's integrity) by any objective standards. Rather, cosmetic interventions are intended to enhance a person's physical appearance; more specifically, they intend to fulfill the client's subjective perception of an enhanced appearance. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

中国芦荟治疗寻常痤疮临床研究

目的：观察中国芦荟治疗寻常痊疮的疗效。方法：全叶组41例外用芦荟全叶，叶肉组40例外用芦荟叶肉，对照组30例外用达芙文凝胶治疗。结果：3组总有效率分别为73．2％，70．0％，76．7％，经统计学处理无显著性差异(P＞0．05)。结论：中国芦荟全叶和叶肉外用治疗寻常痊疮疗效较好，但叶肉更安全，患者依从性好。     

丹参酮胶囊治疗结节囊肿性痤疮的临床疗效评价

目的 :观察丹参酮治疗结节囊肿性痤疮的临床疗效。方法 :选择符合标准的一组患者 (共 3 5例 ,3 1例完成观察 ) ,口服丹参酮胶囊 (0 .2 5g 粒 ) ,每次4粒 ,每日 3次 ,连服 8wk后 ,改为每次 3粒 ,每日 3次 ,总疗程共 1 2wk。结果 :治疗的总有效率为83 .9% ,治疗 2、4、8、1 2wk后结节囊肿性皮损平均数目分别是 1 9± 9、1 5±6、1 0±6和 7± 7(P <0 .0 1 ) ,与治疗前 (2 3±1 1 )比较 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :丹参酮对结节囊肿性痤疮有较好的临床疗效 ,随疗程的延长有效率逐渐增加     

美白化妆品卫生安全及功效评价

美白化妆品越来越被人们所重视,其安全性和功效性评价已成为消费者和生产厂家所关注的重点。本文从科学角度介绍了美白化妆品的美白原理,美白成分及其卫生安全评价,以及国内外对美白化妆品功效评价的进展情况,包括美白活性成分的仪器分析法、功效评价的体外细胞法、动物试验法和人体皮肤试验仪器测试法等。同时展望了美白化妆品的未来发展趋势,为我国美白化妆品事业的发展提供参考。     

化妆品过敏的检测和评价

随着化妆品的广泛使用,化妆品过敏的现象也越来越普遍,受到人们的高度关注。作者对化妆品过敏的原因、化妆品过敏的分类和特点做了简要介绍,而对国内外化妆品过敏的非动物检测和评价方法做了重点介绍,主要包括皮肤斑贴试验、体外皮肤模型试验、角质层水分含量试验、皮肤屏障功能试验、皮肤红斑指数测试、皮肤其它生理指数测试等,并针对化妆品过敏的种种现象,对我国化妆品过敏防治的未来发展趋势做了展望,为我国化妆品事业的健康发展提供技术参考。     

化妆品毒理学试验方法的标准比对

化妆品行业的快速发展离不开标准化的技术支撑，标准化对于推动技术进步、规范市场秩序、促进国际贸易起到重要的作用。本文对毒理学试验方法中的急性经皮毒性试验、亚慢性经皮毒性试验、致畸试验的国内外相关标准进行梳理和比对，分析目前标准存在的具体问题并提出建议。     

疏风解毒胶囊联合环丙沙星与维生素C治疗肺风粉刺的临床观察

目的 评价疏风解毒方联合环丙沙星与维生素C治疗肺风粉刺的临床疗效和愈后。方法 将60例痤疮中医辨证为肺经风热型的患者随机分成治疗组与对照组各30例，对照组给予外用盐酸环丙沙星和口服VitC，治疗组在对照组的基础上同时给予疏风解毒胶囊，两组疗程均为1个月。两组分别在治疗2、4周时评价系统症状（口干、便秘等）和皮损炎症好转情况、新发皮损情况、愈后（出现色素沉着和凹陷性瘢痕）情况、临床总有效率，同时考察两组不良反应以评价其安全性。结果 两组治疗后临床疗效对比，治疗组总有效率为96.67%高于对照组的76.67%（P<0.05）。治疗两周后，治疗组口渴、便秘等系统症状减轻例数、皮损处红肿消退例数分别为26例、24例，对照组为4例、7例，治疗组的症状减轻人数明显多于对照组，差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）；且两周后治疗组有新发皮损数明显少于对照组，差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 疏风解毒方联合环丙沙星与维生素C在治疗痤疮肺经风热证上疗效显著，愈后理想。     

比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险探讨

目的 探讨比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险。方法 针对比马前列素的理化性质、药理作用和药动学、临床应用、不良反应、化妆品监管政策等方面进行梳理分析，为监管工作提供理论依据。结果 比马前列素是一种人工合成的前列腺素类似物——前列腺素F_2α类似物，可以有效降低眼压和促进毛发增长。其消除半衰期为45 min，主要通过尿液排泄。FDA孕期评级为C级，可能对胎儿有不利影响；上市后不良反应主要包括眼睛充血、眼睑红斑、眼刺激等，其安全性有必要进行进一步评估；不符合中国化妆品的定义和规定的功效宣称，欧盟和加拿大禁止比马前列素等药物成分用于化妆品，美国将其作为药品管理。结论 为了保证化妆品质量安全，规范和促进行业健康发展，建议中国监管部门跟踪关注比马前列素等前列腺素类似物的使用安全性，必要时调整管理措施。     

An Elective Course on Dermatological Topics and Cosmeceutical Compounding

Objective. To implement and assess a pharmacy dermatology and cosmeceutical compounding elective course and its impact on graduates’ careers.Design. A 3-credit elective course that incorporated classroom lectures on ambulatory dermatologic diseases and cosmeceutical products with case studies, weekly quizzes, and a comprehensive business plan project was implemented in a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) program in 2010.Assessment. Assessment instruments including weekly quizzes, a business plan project, and pre- and post-course tests were used to evaluate course content. Across 3 offerings of the course (2010, 2011, 2012), pre- and post-course test scores improved. Results of a postgraduate survey showed that 54% of respondents worked at a pharmacy offering compounding services, and 57% felt that the course played a significant or very significant role in their counseling on dermatologic conditions.Conclusions. Assessment methods revealed student learning of course content and the course appeared moderately beneficial to graduates’ early careers. A more longitudinal analysis is needed to assess the course’s impact on long-term career choices, particularly those dealing with compounding of cosmeceutical products.