UPLC–MS/MS for the determination of azilsartan in beagle dog plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetics study

The purpose of the study is to develop an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) to determinate the concentration of azilsartan in the dog plasma. After precipitated by methanol, the plasma sample containing azilsartan and diazepam (internal standard, IS) was determined by UPLC–MS/MS. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water was pumped at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min in gradient elution. Kinetex 2.6 μ XB-C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 100 Å; Phenomenex, USA) were used for LC separations. The column temperature was 30 °C and the injection volume was 5 μl. The electrospray ionization (ESI) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were applied at the transitions of m/z 457 → 279 (azilsartan) and m/z 285 → 193 (diazepam), respectively. The developed method was identified a good linearity over a concentration range of 2.5–5000 ng/ml. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 2.5 ng/ml. The intra-day and inter-day precision (relative standard deviation, RSD%) were less than 10% and accuracy (relative error, RE %) was less than 5% at three quality control levels. The extraction recovery of azilsartan at three quality control levels were 82.41 ± 0.68%, 98.66 ± 11.00%, 102.43 ± 0.82%. And the recovery for IS (100 ng/ml) was 91.75 ± 0.54%. A validated UPLC–MS/MS method was firstly developed for the quantification of azilsartan in dog plasma and it was applied to the pharmacokinetics study.     

超高效液相色谱法在药物有关物质分析中的应用

药物有关物质的控制是药品安全、有效的重要保障,是评价药品质量优劣的关键指标。近年来,超高效液相色谱法在药物有关物质分析领域的应用逐渐增多,如：测定原料药、制剂的有关物质,同时测定药物的含量和有关物质等。     

前胡香豆素类提取物的UPLC/Q-TOF-MS分析及其初步药效学研究

目的建立UPLC/Q-TOF-MS法分析前胡香豆素类提取物的化学成分,并对其初步药效学进行研究。方法采用Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱;以0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱;检测波长321 nm;采用电喷雾正离子化模式(ESI~+),扫描范围m/z 100~1 000;利用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠模型,对前胡香豆素类提取物的调脂降糖作用进行初步药效学研究。结果前胡香豆素类提取物中的qianhucoumarinD(1)、peucedanocoumarinⅡ(2)、白花前胡甲素(3)、peucedanocoumarin I(4)、白花前胡乙素(5)、praeuptorin E(6)得到良好的分离与鉴定。初步药效学实验结果表明,前胡香豆素类提取物能显著降低2型糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白及肝脏指数(P0.05),升高高密度脂蛋白(P0.05),提示前胡香豆素类提取物能改善2型糖尿病大鼠糖与脂质代谢,发挥治疗2型糖尿病的作用。结论建立了前胡香豆素类的UPLC/Q-TOF-MS的分离鉴定方法;初步药效学研究表明前胡香豆素类提取物具有显著的调脂及降糖作用。     

Prediction of ARA/PPI Drug-Drug Interactions at the Drug Discovery and Development Interface

Advances in understanding of human disease have prompted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to classify certain molecules as “break-through therapies,” providing an accelerated review that may potentially enhance the quality of patient lives. With this designation come compressed timelines to develop drug products, which are not only suitable for clinic trials but can also be approved and brought to the market rapidly. Early risk identification for decreased oral absorption due to drug-drug interactions with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or acid-reducing agents (ARAs) is paramount to an effective drug product development strategy. An early ARA/PPI drug-drug interaction (DDI) risk identification strategy has been developed using physiologically based absorption modeling that readily integrates ADMET predictor generated in silico estimates or measured in vitro solubility, permeability, and ionization constants. Observed or predicted pH-solubility profile data along with pKas and drug dosing parameters were used to calculate a fraction of drug absorbed ratio in absence and presence of ARAs/PPIs. An integrated physiologically based pharmacokinetic absorption model using GastroPlus? with pKa values fitted to measured pH-solubility profile data along with measured permeability data correctly identified the observed ARA/PPI DDI for 78% (16/22) of the clinical studies. Formulation strategies for compounds with an anticipated pH-mediated DDI risk are presented.     

Stable dry powder inhaler formulation of tranilast attenuated antigen-evoked airway inflammation in rats

Tranilast (TL) has been clinically used for the treatment of airway inflammatory diseases, although the clinical use of TL is limited because of its poor solubility and systemic side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel respirable powder of TL (CSD/TL-RP) for inhalation therapy was developed using nanocrystal solid dispersion of TL (CSD/TL). Stability study on CSD/TL-RP was carried out with a focus on inhalation performance. Even after 6 months of storage at room temperature, there were no significant morphological changes in micronized particles on the surface of carrier particles as compared with that before storage. Cascade impactor analyses on CSD/TL-RP demonstrated high inhalation performance with emitted dose and fine particle fraction (FPF) of ca. 98% and 60%, respectively. Long-term storage of CSD/TL-RP resulted in only a slight decrease in FPF value (ca. 54%). Inhaled CSD/TL-RP could attenuate antigen-induced inflammatory events in rats, as evidenced by marked reduction of granulocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory biomarkers such as eosinophil peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase. These findings were consistent with decreased expression levels of mRNAs for nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclooxygenase-2, typical inflammatory mediators. Given these findings, inhalable TL formulation might be an interesting alternative to oral therapy for the treatment of asthma and other airway inflammatory diseases with sufficient dispersing stability.     

UPLC(超高效液相色谱)/MS/MS联用技术测定全血中的西罗莫司

目的 建立全血中西罗莫司的UPLC（超高效液相色谱）／MS／MS测定方法,方法 全血样品中加入他克莫司（FK506）作内标，用叔丁基甲醚进行提取。以乙腈与含千分之五甲酸的水溶液为流动相（40：50），色谱柱为AcquityUPLCTMBEHC。（50mm×2．1mm，1．7μm），流速0．5ml／min。三重四极杆质谱采用正离子模式，离子采集方式为多反应监测模式（MRM），离子源温度105℃，离子源电离电压为3300V，雾化气流速500L／h。采集离子（母离子／子离子）西罗莫司为931．2／864．1，FK506为822．0／577．0。结果 西罗莫司在1～240腿／L浓度范围内呈良好的线性（n=0．9995）。日内、日间精密度均在15％以内，提取回收率大于75．0％，方法回收率为95．0％～98．5％，最低检测限为0．2μg／L。结论 本方法灵敏、准确，适合临床西罗莫司的全血分析。     

超高效液相色谱测定前列安通片中的芍药苷含量

目的:采用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)建立前列安通片中芍药苷的检测方法。方法:采用ACQUITY UPLCTMBEHC18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水-醋酸(15:85:0.15)为流动相,流速为0.2 ml/min,检测波长230 nm,芍药苷的保留时间为2.24 min。结果:实验表明,芍药苷浓度在5~100μg/ml范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为98.0%(n=6)。结论:本方法快速、简单,分离度和灵敏度高,可用于对前列安通片中芍药苷的快速测定。     

UPLC–MS/MS同时测定大鼠血、脑脊液中奎硫平及其活性代谢物

 目的建立同时测定大鼠血、脑脊液中奎硫平及其活性代谢物7-羟基奎硫平羟7-羟基-N-去烷基奎硫平浓度的UPLC-MS/MS法。方法样品经碱化后用叔丁基甲醚提取,采用Acquity UPLC^TM BEH C₁₈柱(2.1mm×50mm,1.7μm),柱温40℃,以水(含50mmol·L^-1醋酸铵,3‰甲酸)-乙腈(73∶27)为流动相,流速0.25mL·min^-1,进样量5μL。采用电喷雾离子化四极杆串联质谱,选择离子监测方式进行扫描,测定样品浓度,卡马西平作为内标。结果血浆中:奎硫平在0.0775～155μg·L^-1,7-羟基奎硫平在0.049～98μg·L^-1,7-羟基-N-去烷基奎硫平在0.067～670μg·L^-1内线性关系良好,萃取回收率均>89%,方法回收率均>87%,,内羟,间,密度RSD均<9%。脑脊液中:奎硫平在0.02～38.75μg·L^-1,7-羟基奎硫平在0.0098～29.5μg·L^-1,7-羟基-N-去烷基奎硫平在0.067～670μg·L^-1内线性关系良好,萃取回收率均>87%,方法回收率均>85%,,内羟,间,密度RSD均<16%。结论该方法该该度高、快速羟该确羟有效,且血、脑中浓度均可测定,为研究转运蛋白对抗,神分裂药物进入血脑屏障的影响提供了依据。     

UPLC同时测定疏风解毒胶囊中10个化学成分含量

目的:建立超高效液相色谱(UPLC)同时测定疏风解毒胶囊中马鞭草苷、虎杖苷、连翘苷、连翘酯苷A、芦荟大黄素、大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄酸、甘草酸铵、大黄素、大黄酚10个化学成分含量方法。方法:色谱柱为ACQUITY UPLC TM C 18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL·min^-1,检测波长为250 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为2μL。结果:马鞭草苷、虎杖苷、连翘苷、连翘酯苷A、芦荟大黄素、大黄素8-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄酸、甘草酸铵、大黄素、大黄酚线性范围分别为27.23~435.73(r=0.9998)、54.10~865.60(r=0.9991)、710.63~170.13(r=0.9993)、31.80~508.80(r=0.9994)、19.03~304.53(r=0.9994)、1.76~28.21(r=0.9997)、3.93~62.93(r=0.9997)、39.63~634.13(r=0.9990)、28.03~448.53(r=0.9993)、0.90~14.40μg·mL^-1(r=0.9992);平均加样回收率(n=9)分别为104.37%、97.28%、100.33%、100.94%、102.58%、100.69%、104.37%、100.92%、98.65%、99.38%,RSD均小于3.0%。结论:所建立的多成分测定方法快捷、准确、重复性好,可用于疏风解毒胶囊的质量控制。     

不同规格青皮饮片指纹图谱

目的:建立青皮饮片的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)指纹图谱方法,比较不同规格青皮饮片指纹图谱的差异,为完善青皮饮片的质量控制提供参考。方法:采用Waters HSS T3(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱;流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;流速为0.30 mL·min-1;检测波长为275 nm;柱温为40℃。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件分析不同规格的青皮饮片指纹图谱的差异。结果:建立了青皮饮片的UPLC指纹图谱共有模式,标定7个共有峰,各色谱峰有较好的分离,但不同规格青饮片指纹图谱存在一定差异。结论:该法简单、高效,可为青皮饮片的质量控制和评价提供参考。