颞骨内面神经管的解剖测量及其临床意义

目的为避免中耳手术中对面神经的损伤。方法对50例(100侧)成人尸头颞骨内面神经管进行解剖测量。结果面神经管迷路段为4.53±1.21mm,鼓室段为9.32±1.25mm,乳突段为13.25±1.53mm,面神经管总长为29.86±0.57mm。结论熟悉颞骨内面神经管的解剖结构,可避免对面神经的损伤,减少和避免面瘫的发生。     

股骨近端解剖型钢板在股骨转子间骨折中应用

目的:报告股骨近端解剖型钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效。方法:应用股骨近端解剖钢板治疗19例股骨转子间骨折,评价治疗结果。结果:19例病人中4个月全部骨性愈合,髋关节屈伸活动恢复95%以上,旋转活动恢复85%,2例轻度髋内翻。结论:股骨近端解剖型钢板治疗转子间骨折具有手术简单,有效,符合生物力学要求,效果满意。     

Covalent immobilization of proteins onto photoactivated polystyrene microtiter plates for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures

Enhancement of the speed and sensitivity of an ELISA technique was achieved by doing it on a polystyrene microtiter plate preactivated by a simple photochemical reaction. Immobilization of Epicoccum nigrum antigen (allergenic antigen) or goat anti-rabbit IgG onto the photoactivated plates was found to occur in only 45 min with higher binding than that obtained through adsorption during the same period onto the untreated surface. Nearly 1.5-2-folds higher readings were obtained when the ELISA was carried out with the solid phase prepared on the photoactivated surface rather than on the untreated surface. Moreover, solid phases prepared on the activated surface could detect IgE (E. nigrum antibody) even at 1/50 (v/v) dilutions, whereas a solid phase prepared on the untreated surface failed to do so. Around three times higher ELISA values were obtained in the activated plate than the untreated plate when IgE was diluted to 1/5 (v/v). Such photoactivated surface could be of great importance in diagnostic tests involving the ELISA technique particularly to confirm false negative cases and for other immunoassays such as radioimmunoassay procedures.     

掌背侧联合入路锁定加压钛板内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨锁定加压钛板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折疗效。方法对2001～2006年间49例桡骨远端骨折经掌背侧联合入路锁定加压钛板内固定，钛板置于桡骨远端背侧，骨缺损严重者（20例）均置入人工骨（OsteoSet）。术后功能康复时间，6～24周，平均10.6剧。结果随访6～24个月。按Dienst功能评估标准进行评定：优40例，良7例，差2例，优良率95.9％。结论掌背侧联合入路锁定加压钛板内固定治疗移位的桡骨远端骨折疗效显著。     

Age‐ and site‐specific decline in insulin‐like growth factor‐I receptor expression is correlated with differential growth plate activity in the mouse hindlimb

The proximal and distal growth plates of the principal long bones do not contribute equally to longitudinal growth. Most forelimb elongation occurs at the shoulder and wrist, while most hindlimb growth occurs at the knee. This study examined whether insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), a potent growth regulator, could underlie this variation via differential receptor expression. The spatiotemporal distribution of the IGF‐I receptor (IGF‐IR) was mapped in hindlimb growth plates (overall and within regional zones) from immature mice using immunohistochemistry. Growth activity was assessed by size/morphology of the growth plate and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. Both IGF‐IR and PCNA staining declined considerably with age in the proximal femur and distal tibia (hip and ankle), but expression remained high in the more active distal femur and proximal tibia (knee) throughout growth. Growth plate size decreased with age in all sites, but the absolute and relative decline in IGF‐IR in the hips and ankles of older mice indicated a site‐specific loss of IGF‐I sensitivity in these less active regions. These results suggest that regulation of the IGF‐IR may at least partially mediate differential long bone growth, thereby providing a local mechanism for altering skeletal proportions absent modification of systemic hormone levels. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

经皮微创植入锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的探讨应用胫骨远端锁定钢板经皮微创植入治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效。方法自2010年1月~2012年12月应用小切口植入胫骨远端锁定钢板治疗32例胫骨远端骨折,男19例,女13例,年龄13~77岁,平均39.8岁。其中开放性骨折4例,闭合性骨折28例,均为新鲜骨折。结果 29例获得随访,随访时间6~15个月,平均11.7个月。所有骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间为13.6周,均无感染、骨不连、钢板松动等并发症。按照Mazur踝关节功能评分:优19例,良8例,可2例,优良率为93.1%。结论微创钢板内固定手术创伤小,固定可靠,骨折愈合率高,符合生物学固定原则。     

细针引导腰麻针径路的解剖特点与临床应用

目的：评价细针引导腰麻针穿刺径路的解剖特点与其临床应用效果。方法：经尿道微创腔镜手术30例,用9号穿刺针置于皮下引导,25GWhitacre腰穿针通过9号穿刺针孔进行蛛网膜下腔穿刺,成功后拔出内芯,可见脑脊液外流,注入0.5%布比卡因2～3ml退针,立即平卧位。观察病人麻醉平面、血压变化及麻醉效果。结果：穿刺操作简单,全部病例完成腰麻,麻醉效果好,一次腰麻能够完成手术。术后随访无任何异常。结论：掌握正确的解剖要领作细针引导下腰麻穿刺可降低病人的损伤,是一种可行、安全及有效的麻醉方法。     

一种平板流动腔重力灌流系统的力学分析

本文分析了一种采用重力灌流的平板流动腔灌流系统，并根据实验结果确定出相应的阻力系数，获得平板流动腔剪应力、雷诺数以及入口长度与流体重力灌流高度的关系。     

Failure of the rabbit tibial growth plate to respond to the long-term application of a capacitively-coupled electrical field

A continuous 5-V peak-to-peak, 60 kHz capacitively-coupled sine wave signal was applied to the proximal tibial growth plate in fifteen 9-week-old male New Zealand white rabbits for 6 weeks. A pair of flexible stainless steel "injectrodes" was held in place medially and laterally on the surface of the proximal hindlimb in each rabbit by means of tape wrappings. The electrodes were connected to a 9-V battery-operated power unit carried in a dorsal pouch in a body vest worn by each rabbit. Control animals wore the identical apparatus, only the power unit was inactive. Small Tantalum markers were inserted into the anteromedial aspect of the proximal tibial metaphysis 1 cm distal to the proximal tibial growth plate in all of the animals, control and experimental, 2 weeks prior to the onset of electrical stimulation. The distance between the proximal lateral tibial spine and the Tantalum marker, between the Tantalum marker and the apex of the distal tibial intercondylar notch, and between the proximal tibial spine and the distal notch was measured from roentgenograms made at the time of bone marker insertion, at the time of electrode application to the limb, and at the end of the stimulation period. Results indicate that there was no significant difference in tibial lengths between the stimulated and control groups. There was significantly less total body weight gain in both the experimental and control animals than that which occurred in paired normal animals during the same period of time. This failure to thrive may be responsible for the resultant lack of longitudinal growth stimulation of the capacitive coupling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

老年转子间骨折角型钢板治疗失误和并发症分析

目的分析角型钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折中出现的各种失误和并发症,并提出预防措施。方法1990年10月以来共治疗股骨转子间骨折68例,逐例分析治疗失误的原因。结果术中操作失误致股骨外侧皮质崩裂2例;钢板刀口穿破股骨头进入髋臼1例,术后切口感染1例,共8例出现并发症,发生率14．7％。结论角型钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折效果好,但不应忽视可能发生的各种失误和并发症。