欧亚旋覆花总黄酮类提取物抑制内皮损伤诱导的血管氧化应激反应

目的:观察欧亚旋覆花总黄酮类提取物(FE)对大鼠血管球囊损伤诱导的氧化应激反应的影响.方法:采用主动脉球囊剥脱后血管狭窄大鼠模型,将实验动物分成四组:对照组、模型组、FE组和阳性药物(卡托普利,CAP)组;采用常规HE染色法观察血管的形态学变化以确定最佳给药浓度并对比FE与CAP的疗效,分别采用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法测定大鼠血清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,用二氢乙锭(DHE)测定超氧阴离子(O_2~(·-))的水平,用免疫组化和Western blot检测血管组织中的SOD表达变化.结果:FE的有效剂量为50 mg·kg~(-1)·d.在此浓度时,FE可显著降低血管球囊损伤大鼠血清中MDA含量(P＜0.01),提高血清和血管组织中SOD的活力(P＜0.05),降低血管组织中O_2~(·-)水平.因此,FE对损伤诱导的血管内膜增生具有一定的抑制作用,达到与阳性对照药物相似的疗效.结论:从欧亚旋覆花中提取的FE可通过提高血管系统抗氧化活性而抑制损伤诱导的氧自由基生成,这可能是该药物抑制内皮剥脱诱导的血管内膜增生的机制之一.     

显脉旋覆花的生药学研究

目的：为鉴别、研究和开发民间药物显脉旋覆花提供参考依据。方法：采用性状和显微方法观察显脉旋覆花各器官。结果：显脉旋覆花的茎、叶、总苞片密被黄色毛茸,根茎部有白色毛茸,根的皮层可见断续排列的石细胞环,花的粉末中可见草酸钙柱晶。结论：以上性状和显微特征对显脉旋覆花具有鉴别意义。     

不同居群条叶旋覆花植株形态、光合特性及化学成分分析

以12个居群条叶旋覆花为研究对象,测定不同居群植株形态特征值、光合参数及化学成分含量,为条叶旋覆花种质资源评价提供理论依据。结果表明,不同居群条叶旋覆花具有较为丰富的形态多样性,植株形态特征值、光合参数及化学成分含量均存在显著性差异,且植株形态特征值与净光合速率均呈现正相关性。12个居群经聚类分析分为3大类,江苏盱眙、安徽凤阳与安徽明光3个居群聚为一大类,这3个居群叶型相对狭长,叶片数与花头数较多,光合性能强,化学成分含量高,可作为优良种质资源加以选择利用。     

Modulatory effect of Inula racemosa Hook. f. (Asteraceae) on experimental atherosclerosis in guinea‐pigs

Objectives Inula racemosa Hook. f. is indicated for precordial chest pain in Ayurveda. In this study, the effects of a hexane (IrH) and an alcohol extract (IrA) of Inula racemosa on atherosclerosis induced by a high‐fat diet in guinea‐pigs were investigated. Methods After 30 days on a high‐fat diet (guinea‐pig pellet diet + 0.2% w/w cholesterol) six animals were killed and evaluated for the onset of early atherosclerotic changes in coronary artery, aorta and major organs. The remaining animals were assigned to 5 groups of six animals each and fed for the following 90 days with a pellet diet + 0.15% w/w cholesterol (positive control) along with 100 mg/kg IrA, 100 mg/kg IrH or 10 mg/kg atorvastatin calcium. The normal control group received only the pellet diet. At the end of experimental period, serum lipid levels, heart and liver antioxidant status, area of lipophilic aortic lesions and histopathology of coronary artery were estimated. Key findings IrA decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and the atherogenic index, and increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with the positive control. It scavenged thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increased reduced glutathione in liver, and enhanced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in heart. Aortic lesion area and % bodyweight increase was least in the IrA‐treated group. Coronary artery changes due to the high‐fat diet were reversed by the extracts. The observed effects are presumably mediated by phenolics in IrA and sesquiterpene lactones in IrH. Conclusions The results demonstrate the anti‐atherogenic effect of I. racemosa, thus validating the cardioprotective and anti‐obesity claims in traditional medicine.     

显脉旋覆花药材薄层色谱鉴别与挥发油含量测定研究

目的：建立显脉旋覆花药材中麝香草酚、异丁酸百里香酯的薄层色谱鉴别和挥发油含量测定方法。方法：用TLC法对显脉旋覆花药材进行鉴别;用水蒸气蒸馏法测定挥发油的含量。结果：薄层斑点清晰,各批药材中能检出麝香草酚和异丁酸百里香酯,挥发油含量为1．1％。结论：所建立方法适用于显脉旋覆花药材的鉴别及质量控制。     

Microbial transformation of alantolactone by Mucor polymorphosporus

Two new transformed sesquiterpenes of alantolactone by Mucor polymorphosporus were obtained. They were characterized as 3β-hydroxy-11βH-eudesm-5-en-8β,12-olide (2) and 3β,11α-dihydroxy-eudesm-5-en-8β,12-olide (3), on the basis of spectral methods including 2D NMR. And product 3 was an unusual hydroxylation derivative of alantolactone at C-11.     

Identification and quantification of the active component quercetin 3-O-rutinoside from Barringtonia racemosa,targets mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Barringtonia racemosa has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The antitumor property of the seed extract of this plant in mice model promotes us to search for the active component present in the fruit extract. Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (QOR) has been isolated from the fruits of this plant for the first time and quantified by HPLC method. The compound was identified by IR, mass, and NMR (1D, 2D) spectral data analysis. QOR showed dose- and time-dependent anti-proliferative activity in several leukemic cell lines with negligible effect on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). A representative T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (MOLT-3) showed phosphatidyl serine externalization and DNA fragmentation, indicating QOR-induced programed cell death. We established that QOR-induced apoptosis occurred preferentially on accumulation of cells in the sub-G₀ phase and genomic DNA fragmentation through the activation of mitochondria-dependent caspase cascade for the first time in T-lineage ALL cell line.     

Japonicins A and B from the flowers of Inula japonica

Two new flavonols japonicins, A (1) and B (2), along with nine known flavonoids were isolated from an antidepressant fraction, which was separated from the 70% alcohol extract of the flowers of Inula japonica Thumb. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined as 3,3',4',5,9,10-hexahydroxy-12-methylchroman[2,3-h]flavone and 8-(1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl)-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone by the analyses of physical constants and spectral data. The special flavonoid structure having the substituent 1-phenylethyl at C-8 position was discovered for the first time.