创伤性脑损伤病人术中低血压的危险因素分析

创伤性脑损伤(traumaticbraininjury,TBI)如脑挫伤、硬脑膜外血肿和硬脑膜下血肿的病人,在开颅血肿清除和去骨瓣减压手术过程中可能发生术中低血压(intraoperativehypotension,IHT)。低血压可加重脑缺血性损伤,并能使颅内压(ICP)进一步的升高乃至死亡。而低血压发生以后,采取容     

左旋布比卡因腰-硬联合阻滞在下肢手术的应用

目的探讨0.75%左旋布比卡因用于蛛网膜下隙阻滞的临床效果及安全性。方法随机选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级的40例骨科下肢手术患者(股骨干及髋关节大手术的患者),随机均分成两组:L组腰麻用药为0.75%左旋布比卡因15mg,容量为2.5ml;B组腰麻用药为0.75%布比卡因,剂量及容量同L组。术中必要时经硬膜外导管注入2%利多卡因。术中监测BP、HR、SpO2、RR的变化并观察围术期不良反应的发生。结果两组最高阻滞平面及到达时间、麻醉持续时间、肌松效果及达到最大肌松效果时间差异均无显著意义。两组均无神经系统的不良反应。结论0.75%左旋布比卡因用于腰-硬联合麻醉骨科下肢手术安全有效,效果与0.75%布比卡因相比差异无显著意义。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

上胸椎前方手术入路

上胸椎前方解剖关系复杂，由浅及深为肌层：颈阔肌，胸锁乳突肌；骨性结构：胸骨柄，胸锁关节；血管性结构：左、右颈总动脉，主动脉弓，无名动脉，左无名静脉，左、右头臂静脉，甲状腺下动脉，胸导管；神经组织：喉返神经，交感神经链；其他深层组织：食管，气管，甲状腺，胸腺。这些器官和组织相互交错，互为邻里，错综复杂。此处椎体或脊髓前方病变时，前方入路可直接暴露病变部位，术野清晰，手术直接，效果明确，但易损伤以上相邻组织，严重者损伤胸髓，导致患者高位截瘫。     

脑室置管和腰椎穿刺行脑脊液置换治疗严重蛛网膜下腔出血44例报告

自1997年1月至2004年8月,我们应用侧脑室外引流和腰椎穿刺放液、脑脊液置换治疗严重自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)44例,效果良好。现报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男24例,女20例;年龄18岁~74岁,平均58岁,其中60岁以上20例,占45.4%。全部病人均行多次脑CT检查,均有广泛蛛网膜     

肌筋膜缝线悬吊法下睑袋整复术

下睑袋整复术作为常见的面部美容手术，虽然术式众多，但术后并发症仍时有发生。自2002年以来，我们用了新的肌筋膜缝线悬吊法，行下睑袋整复手术40例。它主要针对重度睑袋，下睑缘外露，下睑松弛，下睑退缩，外眦下移，或下睑外翻需要再次手术的病例，经临床观察满意，报道如下。     

乙字汤运用心得

乙字汤是治疗肛肠疾病的著名方剂,出处无从考证,因结肠形似“乙”字而得名。该方由柴胡10g、黄芩10g、当归12g、升麻6g、大黄6g、生甘草10g组成,其中柴胡、甘草需等量,其因不得而知。忆在大学讲堂先师尹质明讲授湿热肠风下血一证时,对该方之功效大加赞赏,随师临证观其效,如鼓应     

吉安市脂肪血报废的原因分析及利用

目的探讨脂肪血报废及如何将它被利用于临床的作用。方法采用离心分离技术处理脂肪血浆,而留取红细胞悬液。结果去除脂肪血浆后加入MAP保存液于浓缩红细胞中而得悬浮红细胞。加入生理盐水,而制得洗涤红细胞,有效防止输血引起的不良反应。结论有效提高血液的利用率。     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…     

沙苑子脂肪油超临界CO2萃取及GC-MS分析

目的：提取沙苑子脂肪油并对其成分进行分析。方法：用超临界CO2萃取法提取沙苑子脂肪油，用GC-MS技术分析脂肪油成分。结果：沙苑子脂肪油含量为12.30％，成分以亚麻酸和亚油酸为主，不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的84．23％，饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主。结论：沙苑子脂肪油属优质植物油，这为开发利用沙苑子油脂资源提供了依据。