Understanding faculty perspectives of supports and barriers to interprofessional collaboration within a clinical scholars program: A qualitative study

AimThis study explores the faculty perspective of an interprofessional clinical scholars program to identify recommendations for strengthening team collaboration between academia and clinical practice.BackgroundInterprofessional evidence-based practice, pairing higher education and clinical practice, is a critical part of nursing education.DesignThis qualitative study consisted of two phases of participant engagement, in both data collection and data analysis.MethodsSpecifically, faculty participated in a focus group discussion followed by a card sort of initial codes.ResultsThe major themes identified are Unifying the Team and Navigating Layers of Challenge, encompassing concepts of teamwork and programmatic context that supported or disrupted interprofessional collaboration. This study affirms the importance of role clarity, connectedness, intentionality and continuity within clinical teams. Moreover, faculty identified barriers to teamwork based on workload, leadership turnover and constraining environmental forces.ConclusionsRecommendations for effective teamwork in an interprofessional setting will strengthen future collaboration between higher education and clinical settings.     

Lessons learnt from an obstetric and neonatal emergency simulation program in India

BackgroundCombined obstetric and neonatal emergency simulation based training is gaining popularity in healthcare settings. Methods: In this qualitative study, through semi-structured one to one interviews, we evaluated participant attitudes, perceptions of retention of learning, and application to clinical practice one year after a simulation workshop. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed, collated and subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Five major themes were identified through the thematic analysis: comparing simulation to clinical practice; learning and working in teams; thinking retention and sustainability; relating relevance of simulation based education to roles; and managing leadership. Conclusions: Participants’ acknowledgement of training being relevant to their routine practice, and keenness to learn management of complicated births highlighted the sustained impact of obstetric and neonatal emergency simulation training.     

An Interdisciplinary Nutrition Support Team Improves Clinical and Hospitalized Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer Patients with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Background:

The prevalence of malnutrition is very high in patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not a nutrition support team (NST) could benefit esophageal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods:

Between June 2012 and April 2014, 50 esophageal cancer patients undergoing concurrent CRT were randomly assigned into two groups: The NST group and the control group. The nutritional statuses of 25 patients in the NST group were managed by the NST. The other 25 patients in the control group underwent the supervision of radiotherapy practitioners. At the end of the CRT, nutritional status, the incidence of complications, and completion rate of radiotherapy were evaluated. Besides, the length of hospital stay (LOS) and the in-patient cost were also compared between these two groups.

Results:

At the completion of CRF, the nutritional status in the NST group were much better than those in the control group, as evidenced by prealbumin (ALB), transferrin, and ALB parameters (P = 0.001, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively). The complication incidences, including bone marrow suppression (20% vs. 48%, P = 0.037) and complications related infections (12% vs. 44%, P = 0.012), in the NST group were lower and significantly different from the control group. In addition, only one patient in the NST group did not complete the planned radiotherapy while 6 patients in the control group had interrupted or delayed radiotherapy (96% vs. 76%, P = 0.103). Furthermore, the average LOS was decreased by 4.5 days (P = 0.001) and in-patient cost was reduced to 1.26 ± 0.75 thousand US dollars person-times (P > 0.05) in the NST group.

Conclusions:

A NST could provide positive effects in esophageal cancer patients during concurrent CRT on maintaining their nutrition status and improving the compliance of CRF. Moreover, the NST could be helpful on reducing LOS and in-patient costs.     

周德安教授针灸治神理论治疗不寐病的临床应用

周德安教授提出"治病先治神"的学术观点,建立了镇静安神法、补益安神法、重镇安神法、开四关法等一系列针灸治神方法,广泛应用于中医脑病以及与精神、情志密切相关的各科疾病。不寐病分虚实辨治,主要概括为肝郁气滞和久病及虚证,将不同的治神方法相互结合,辨证使用,配合不同的针刺补泻手法,取得良好疗效。     

论教练技术应用在眼视光人文教育与团队建设中的可行性

随着社会的发展和生活水平的提高,人们对视觉健康的需求也不断加深。在这个过程中,作为保障人们视力视觉健康的眼视光行业受到前所未有的关注。在我国,虽然过去的30年里眼视光行业有了突飞猛进地发展,但因起步较晚,其发展仍远落后于欧美发达国家。教练技术是一门管理情绪和转化心态的技术,经过多年的发展和实践,理论基础扎实,操作性强;其主张关注个体内心变化及成长,增强团队的凝聚力和向心力,与人文教育有诸多相通之处。将教练技术应用于眼视光人文教育与团队建设中,具备很强的可操作性,有利于促进眼视光行业在国内的健康发展。     

Automatic detection of one-on-one tackles and ruck events using microtechnology in rugby union

ObjectivesTo automate the detection of ruck and tackle events in rugby union using a specifically-designed algorithm based on microsensor data.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsElite rugby union players wore microtechnology devices (Catapult, S5) during match-play. Ruck (n = 125) and tackle (n = 125) event data was synchronised with video footage compiled from international rugby union match-play ruck and tackle events. A specifically-designed algorithm to detect ruck and tackle events was developed using a random forest classification model. This algorithm was then validated using 8 additional international match-play datasets and video footage, with each ruck and tackle manually coded and verified if the event was correctly identified by the algorithm.ResultsThe classification algorithm’s results indicated that all rucks and tackles were correctly identified during match-play when 79.4 ± 9.2% and 81.0 ± 9.3% of the random forest decision trees agreed with the video-based determination of these events. Sub-group analyses of backs and forwards yielded similar optimal confidence percentages of 79.7% and 79.1% respectively for rucks. Sub-analysis revealed backs (85.3 ± 7.2%) produced a higher algorithm cut-off for tackles than forwards (77.7 ± 12.2%).ConclusionsThe specifically-designed algorithm was able to detect rucks and tackles for all positions involved. For optimal results, it is recommended that practitioners use the recommended cut-off (80%) to limit false positives for match-play and training. Although this algorithm provides an improved insight into the number and type of collisions in which rugby players engage, this algorithm does not provide impact forces of these events.     

形神是中医辨证要素的首要元素——中医辨证常用20个基本要素与形神的关系

形,即形体;神,有广义与狭义之分,狭义者言之精神、思维、意识等,广义者指一切生命活动,此处当取狭义之范畴.形与神必须相结合,相统一,此即形神一体观,为人是一个有机整体的重要组成内容,总体归属于中医整体观念的范畴.     

意象思维的本源与临床

中医药学始于农耕文明,直至当今仍具有重要的临床价值,为国民健康提供着有力的保障。作为国学重要分支的中医药学能绵延至今,在于它囊括国学的精髓,符合国人的思维。因此,弘扬原创思维是中医药学发展的前提。结合国学理论对中医原创思维之"意象思维"溯源和梳理,重新认识意象思维启发下司外揣内的思维方法,目的不在比较中医学与他学之间的优劣,重在阐释"以象为素、以素为候、以候为证"中医证候理论的本源。同时以中医学形神共俱、君相互感心身医学模式为切入,阐释意象思维在中医临床中的实践体现。     

伟大抗疫精神融入中医药课程思政教育的实证研究

[目的] 探索疫情防控常态化背景下中医药院校课程思政元素融入路径,为医学生专业教育与思政教育融合实践提供参考。 [方法] 通过文献调查等方法,分析伟大抗疫精神蕴含的思政元素,构建将伟大抗疫精神融入课程思政的设计方案与教学模式路径。 [结果] 伟大抗疫精神的价值追求、精神品格、意志信念、实践品格、性质宗旨与医学生课程思政需求有较强契合度,通过打造课程思政精品,有效促进价值引领;发挥第二课堂作用,培育学生精神品格;掌握网络主流话语权,塑造远大理想信念;坚持社会服务,促进实践教育转化等可以有效促进课程思政实施。[结论] 通过课程思政实施,促使中医药院校医学生在伟大抗疫精神的学习与实践过程中,进一步坚定理想信念、提高职业道德、锻炼学术能力,为推进一流医学人才的培养提供基础参考。