论医学院校人文课程的价值功能

在传统生物医学模式下,医学的自然科学属性被无限放大,而人文科学属性未被受到重视甚至被忽视,随着现代生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变,人文科学的作用重新成为医学院校关注的热点和重点.认真审视医学院校人文课程的性质与地位,充分发挥其价值功能,对于提高医学生的人文素养,培养具有人文精神的21世纪医学工作者具有重要意义.     

产科护理标识专科化管理的应用及效果

目的 探讨产科护理标识专科化管理的应用及效果.方法 通过规范产科病区各类基本标识的含义及作用,结合专科特点设计制作各类独立标识、组合标识、药物标识、仪器使用标识、人性化标识等用于临床护理工作.结果 实施产科护理标识专科化管理后,无1例因身份、管道识别发生的差错,无1例患者发生跌倒.实施前后分别对100例静脉滴注盐酸利托君注射液患者的液体滴速准确性进行比较,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；患者满意度由实施前的91.5％提高到98.0％.结论 产科护理标识的专科化管理能够有效警示护理工作重点,是人性化管理的有形展示,体现了护士的专业价值,加强了护理质量的全程控制,从而确保了护理安全.     

Training Clinical Psychology Students in Aging

Many conference reports have urged various strategies to increase the numbers of mental health service providers to the aged. The effectiveness of two strategies-specialized training and the infusion of gerontological content into regular professional curricula-were addressed in a program evaluation. Two groups of clinical psychology doctoral trainees were assessed on knowledge, attitudes, and akills. One group was in a special clinical-aging track; the other had different primary interests but-by virtue of being in the same graduate program-encountered gerontological content. The results support the suggestion that exposure to aging indirectly can contribute to increased knowledge and sophistication.     

专科护理质量指标在呼吸内科使用吸入剂患者管理中的应用

目的探讨专科质量指标在呼吸内科使用吸入剂患者管理中的应用。方法以专科疾病特点及循证为基础,建立吸入剂使用前评估、吸入剂使用方法、吸入剂使用宣教及交接班四个方面的护理质量标准与细则,运用这四个方面的专科指标对呼吸内科使用吸入剂患者进行护理质量管理。比较专科护理指标实施前(2015年3月)与实施半年后(2015年9月),吸入剂使用护理质量中评估正确率、操作使用方法正确率、患者及家属对吸入剂相关知识的掌握率和交接班的合格率的情况。结果专科质量指标实施后,吸入剂使用护理质量中评估正确率、操作使用方法正确率、患者及家属对吸入剂相关知识的掌握率和交接班的合格率均高于实施前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论吸入剂专科质量指标的实施,能有效的提高呼吸专科优质护理质量,进一步提高专科护士的业务素质,且该指标的数据易于收集,指标和标准基于科学文献于临床实践,是有效和可靠的,具有科学性和可行性。     

民族医学网络课程的设计与应用实践

本文从民族医学网络课程的开发设计的背景和意义出发,分析了该网络课程在开发过程中的教学设计思想及模块建设,探讨了该网络课程的设计制作经验和建设体会.实践证明,民族医学网络课程教学效果明显、成绩显著.     

Attitudes of Different Professional Groups Toward Geriatric Patients

This study deals with attitudinal differences toward geriatric patients among health professionals. For this study, 172 psychiatrists, 157 surgeons and 108 internists responded to a set of eight attitudinal questions. For six questions, statistically significant differences were found among the three groups. Psychiatrists and surgeons differed greatly, with internists falling in between. Psychiatrists were found to be the group with the most favorable responses to five out of eight questions and surgeons as the least favorable group. The results are discussed in relation to the pervasive societal concept of the aged and the influences of different medical settings.     

Substance use-related outpatient consultations in specialized health care: an underestimated entity

Background To study the occurrence and documentation of substance use related outpatient visits in specialized health care.
Methods The diagnosis recorded in retrospective discharge data in Tampere University Hospital for 6 years was compared with the prospective data gathered from separately completed forms added during an 8-week period to every outpatient's discharge data. In this form, the relation of substance use and the actual reason for the consultation were specifically elicited.
Results On the basis of diagnoses, retrospectively, 0.4% (6,666 of 1,555,898) of outpatient visits were caused by substance use. In the prospective part of the study, 5.6% of visits (1,401/25,014) were related to substance use. Retrospective study demonstrated 2% prevalence of substance use, whereas prospective study showed 36% substance use–related visits at the emergency room. According to the retrospective discharge data, alcohol-related organ damages were the major reason for substance use–related outpatient visits. In the prospective study, the proportion of acute traumas was most prevalent.
Conclusions Our study indicates that substance use–related visits often remain undetected in specialized health care. Substance use–related visits were underdocumented/undetected in the emergency room. Using a simple separate form could dramatically increase the detection of substance use–related visits.     

国内外超说明书用药的现状及其启示

通过介绍目前国内外超说明书用药情况和特点,分析超说明书用药的管理现状及对未来的思考,为合理管理超说明书用药提供有价值的借鉴和参考.     

网络平台在口腔颌面外科专科医师培训的初步应用

网络平台是口腔颌面外科专科培训的重要途径,具有极大容量的教学空间,且无时空地域限制,资源丰富。网络平台可打破传统上口腔颌面外科医师通过教材或书籍获取知识的局限,大大提高了获取信息医学资源的速度,为专科医师培训提供了一个更广阔、便捷的方式。因此,加速推广网络平台在口腔颌面外科专科医师培训的应用,有利于保障专科医师规范化培训工作的顺利实施,提高培训质量。