Predicting development of sustained unresponsiveness to milk oral immunotherapy using epitope-specific antibody binding profiles

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左心室辅助装置技术现状及未来展望

介绍了临床应用的左心室辅助装置的类型和结构特点,分析了基于生理机制的血泵电机参数的血泵控制策略;提出基于多生理信号约束的控制策略控制血泵输出,易满足受体的需求。结合血泵系统现状,从血泵的结构、穿皮能量传递方式和控制策略等方面探讨今后的研究目标。     

Cytological detection of epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa using Feulgen-DNA-image cytometry

Cytological scrape material of the oral mucosa from 114 patients with epithelial dysplasia and with oral cancer was stained with the Feulgen-reaction and investigated with an image analyzer. The size and the integrated optical density of cell nuclei, and four chromatin texture features were measured. All tumor slides contained cell nuclei with DNA greater than 5c, 16% of the slides had cell nuclei with DNA greater than 8c. A total of 14.5% of the tumor patients showed significantly increased DNA values in nuclei distant from the tumor. Two smears with severe epithelial dysplasia showed nuclei with DNA greater than 5c both in the tumor material and far from the tumor. Texture analysis allowed discrimination between benign, dysplastic and malignant smears. No correlation was found between DNA content and tumor staging. Image cytometry was a reliable method for detecting tumor cells. Epithelial dysplasia in areas distant from the tumor is probably due to "field canceration" of the epithelium.     

5992例孕产妇梅毒筛查与分析

目的 了解妊娠期梅毒的流行情况及对围产结局的影响。方法 对5992例孕产妇进行甲苯胺红不加热血清试验（TRUST）筛查，对TRUST阳性病例再进行梅毒螺旋体血清颗粒凝集试验（TPPA）确诊。并对围产结局进行观察分析。结果 5992例孕产妇，检出梅毒患者43例（0．72％），其中30例经青霉素治疗的患者其新产儿经半年以上随访无1例感染梅毒，在未治疗的13例患者中有10例分娩的新生儿TPPA滴度均≥1：40，其中2例为先天性梅毒。1例为死亡梅毒婴儿。结论 开展妊娠期梅毒血清学的产前筛查，加强对妊娠期梅毒的治疗，对减少先天性梅毒的发生尤为重要。     

结核分枝杆菌联合DNA疫苗初免-BCG加强的免疫效果观察

目的:研究并比较结核分枝杆菌免疫保护性抗原DNA(Ag85A和ESAT-6)疫苗联合免疫,BCG免疫以及联合DNA疫苗初免-BCG加强免疫等不同的免疫策略,诱导免疫应答效果观察.方法:健康雌性BALB/c小鼠24只,随机分成PBS 阴性对照组,DNA初免-BCG异源加强组,DNA(Ag85A和ESAT-6)初免DNA同源加强组和BCG阳性对照组,共进行3次免疫,初免2次,最后1次加强,间隔2周1次.PBS组3次均注射PBS 溶液;DNA/BCG组以质粒DNA免疫2次,最后1次以BCG加强免疫;DNA/DNA组3次均以质粒DNA进行免疫;BCG组则注射PBS溶液2次后以BCG免疫.末次免疫后4、6、8周分别分离血清测定总IgG水平,同时分离小鼠脾细胞,体外经TB-PPD刺激后进行淋巴细胞增殖实验(XTT法)并测定脾细胞培养上清中IFN-γ和IL-4水平.结果:DNA/BCG、DNA/DNA、BCG组体外经TB-PPD刺激后均检测到特异性IgG抗体产生,3组平均效价为1:120、1:160、1:80,DNA/DNA组的抗体效价高于另外2组;小鼠脾细胞体外经TB-PPD刺激后,均能产生特异性淋巴细胞增殖并诱生较强的IFN-γ反应,其中DNA/BCG组IFN-γ的分泌水平高于DNA/DNA组和BCG组(P<0.05).结论:联合DNA疫苗初免-BCG加强的免疫策略能在小鼠体内诱导较强的特异性细胞免疫反应,产生高水平的IFN-γ.     

Development of patient derived organoids for cancer drug screening applications

Cancer is a disease characterised by abnormal cell growth that can invade or spread to other regions of the body. Organoids are three-dimensional ex vivo tissue cultures made from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells or tissue that serve as a physiological model for cancer research. These are designed to recapitulate the in vivo properties of tumours. Importantly, effective recapitulation of the structure of tissues and function is believed to predict patient response, allowing for the creation of personalised therapy in a timely manner that may be used in the clinic. This Review discusses the pre-clinical model and different types of human organoids as models for the development of high throughput drug screening and also aims to highlight how organoids are shaping the future of cancer research.     

The RET proto-oncogene in medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma

 The evolution of cancer is a multistep phenomenon, and multiple cellular genetic lesions are involved in the emergence of the malignant neoplasm. Several early events have been implicated in the neoplastic transformation of thyrocytes, and recent reports have described the involvement of specific genetic alterations in different types of thyroid neoplasms: ras point mutations are frequently observed in tumours with follicular histology, gsp – the mutated form of the alpha subunit of the Gs-protein – is encountered in up to 73% of papillary or follicular thyroid carcinomas, and a high prevalence of p53 point mutations has been found in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas but not in differentiated follicular tumours. More recent studies revealed that the RET proto-oncogene is involved in the oncogenesis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by activation of its tyrosine kinase either by point mutation or rearrangement. In this review the most important recently published data on alterations of the RET proto-oncogene in heritable and sporadic MTCs and in PTCs will be summarized. Emphasis will be directed to the pathophysiological mechanisms of tumour initiation, the indications and limitations of DNA testing, and the clinical implications of identified RET defects in thyroid lesions. Received: 9 January 1997 / Accepted: 17 February 1997     

Selection of Immunogenic Peptide Mimics of Male Worm Origin of Schistosoma Japonicum using Phage Display Peptide Library

Phagepeptidedisplaytechniquehasbecomeaverypopu larmethodofstudyinawidevarietyofresearchworkson accountofitsversatility,simplicityandcosteffectiveness. Ithasbeenwidelyusedforidentificationofproteinsand hasprovidedaconvenientmethodologytoobtainligands fors…     

Behavioral Profiles of Genetically Selected Aggressive and Nonaggressive Male Wild House Mice in Two Anxiety Tests

Artificially selected aggressive (SAL) and non-aggressive (LAL) male house mice were tested in a hexagonal tunnel maze and light-dark preference (LD) box to determine if the bidirectional selection for aggressive behavior leads to a coselection for different levels of trait anxiety. The tunnel maze consists of an open, brightly lit central arena surrounded by a complex system of interconnecting tunnels. As in the LD box, animals which spend less time and are less active in the brightly illuminated section of the maze are considered to have higher anxiety levels. In the tunnel maze, the LAL mice showed more exploration and spent more time in the central arena than the SAL animals, but only during the final 2 min of the 6-min test. This reduced preference for the central arena was not due to general inactivity or a failure of the SAL to find the central arena and indicates a higher level of state anxiety in the aggressive animals. In contrast, no anxiety-like differences were found in the LD box, either for the percentage of time spent in the light compartment or for the number of crossings. SAL males actually showed higher levels of moving and rearing, and lower levels of freezing, than did LAL males.     

Interaction between pre-landing activities and stiffness regulation of the knee joint musculoskeletal system in the drop jump: implications to performance

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interaction between the pre-landing activities and the stiffness regulation of the knee joint musculoskeletal system and the takeoff speed during a drop jump (DJ). Nine healthy male subjects performed a DJ test from the height of 50 cm. The surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle was recorded to evaluate both the pre-landing and post-landing muscle activation levels. Simultaneous recording of the jumping motion and ground reaction force was performed by a high-speed video camera (100 frames·s^–1), and a force platform was employed to allow joint moment analysis. Joint stiffness was calculated by a linear regression of the knee joint moment/angle relationship. Elasticity of the knee extensor muscle during DJ was estimated by means of a four-element muscle model consisting of a parallel elastic component, a series elastic component (SEC), a viscous damper, and a contractile element. DJ performance correlated positively with the positive peak power of the knee joint (P<0.01) and with the moment of the knee joint at the end of stretch (P<0.01). However, there was no significant relationship between DJ performance and the positive peak power of the ankle joint. The knee joint moment at the end of stretch correlated with the SEC stiffness during the transmission phase from the end of the initial impact to the onset of the concentric action (P<0.01) and with the maximum rate of isometric force development of the knee extensors (P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the SEC stiffness during the transmission phase of the knee joint can be explained by a combination of the pre-activity of the VL muscle and the knee joint angular velocity at touchdown (F=5.76, P<0.05). These results seem to emphasize the functional significance of the pre-programmed activity for controlling the subsequent stiffness regulation and then contributing to the performance in DJ. Thus, it can be suggested that the centrally pre-programmed activity and the associated elastic behavior of the SEC in the knee extensor muscle in conjunction with the muscle contractile property play a major role in regulating the performance in DJ. Electronic Publication