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Development of patient derived organoids for cancer drug screening applications
Institution:1. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil nadu, India;2. Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA;3. Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil nadu, India;4. Department of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, Vellore, Tamil nadu, India
Abstract:Cancer is a disease characterised by abnormal cell growth that can invade or spread to other regions of the body. Organoids are three-dimensional ex vivo tissue cultures made from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells or tissue that serve as a physiological model for cancer research. These are designed to recapitulate the in vivo properties of tumours. Importantly, effective recapitulation of the structure of tissues and function is believed to predict patient response, allowing for the creation of personalised therapy in a timely manner that may be used in the clinic. This Review discusses the pre-clinical model and different types of human organoids as models for the development of high throughput drug screening and also aims to highlight how organoids are shaping the future of cancer research.
Keywords:Cancer  Organoid  Tissue  Stem cell  Progenitor cells  Pre-clinical model  HTS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0040"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"High Throughput Screening  iPSCs"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0050"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"induced pluripotent stem cells  ESCs"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0060"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Embryonic stem cells  PCs"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0070"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"progenitor cells  PDOs"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0080"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Patient-derived organoids  ECM"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0090"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Extracellular matrix  PDTX"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0100"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Patient-derived xenografts  CNS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0110"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Central nervous system  GLICO"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0120"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Glioma cerebral organoid  EphB3"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0130"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Ephrin type-B receptor 3  SCLC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0140"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"small-cell lung cancer  NSCLC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0150"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Non-small lung cancer  MBM"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0160"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Minimum basal medium  LV"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0170"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Leucovorin  MTX"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0180"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Methotrexate  OC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0190"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Ovarian cancer  PDAC"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"key0200"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
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