From the Cover: An aberrant island-dwelling theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Romania

Islands are noted for the occurrence of aberrant, endemic, and dwarfed taxa (the “island effect”). Late Cretaceous vertebrate assemblages of Romania and elsewhere in Europe are classic examples of island faunas in the fossil record, and are characterized by dwarfed herbivorous dinosaurs and other endemic taxa that are noticeably primitive relative to their mainland contemporaries. Fossils of the predators inhabiting the European paleoislands, however, are exceptionally rare and fragmentary. We describe a new dromaeosaurid theropod, based on an articulated skeleton from the Maastrichtian of Romania, which represents the most complete predatory dinosaur from the middle to Late Cretaceous of Europe. This taxon is characterized by a peculiar body plan, most notably extensive fusion in the hand and distal hindlimb, a highly retroverted pelvis with enlarged femoral muscle attachments, and a pair of hyperextensive pedal claws. However, unlike the island-dwelling herbivorous dinosaurs, its closest relatives are contemporary similar-sized Laurasian taxa, indicating faunal connections between Asia and the European islands late into the Cretaceous. This theropod provides support for the aberrant nature of the Late Cretaceous European island-dwelling dinosaurs, but indicates that predators on these islands were not necessarily small, geographically endemic, or primitive.     

逆行性面动脉-颏下岛状肌皮瓣在颊面部组织缺损中的应用

目的探讨分析逆行性面动脉-颏下岛状肌皮瓣在颊面部组织缺损中的应用。方法随机选取我院近三年来收治的颊面部组织缺损患者38例,按照患者所采用的手术修复方式将患者分为实验组与对照组,实验组患者采用逆行性面动脉-颏下岛状肌皮瓣进行移位修复,而对照组患者采用胸大肌皮瓣进行移位修复。术后进行为期一年随访,比较两组患者治疗情况以及感染发生率以及日常生活功能恢复情况。结果经过对患者进行为期一年的随访发现,对照组患者治疗失败3例,有2例患者复发,最终治疗有效率（73.68%）明显低于实验组患者（100.00%）,同时实验组患者进食（100.00%）、语言（100.00%）以及其他功能（100.00%）恢复情况分别明显优于对照组患者（73.68%）、（68.42%）、（73.68%）,P〈0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论逆行性面动脉-颏下岛状肌皮瓣在颊面部组织缺损中治疗效果显著,同时复发率极低,安全性较高,值得在临床推广。     

尿道下裂手术适应症的选择及阴囊隔岛状皮瓣解剖学的研究

本文报道应用阴囊隔神经血管蒂岛状皮瓣一次修补尿道下裂63例,获得满意效果。由于发现了阴囊隔血管丛,并为解剖学研究证实,这与过去应用阴囊任意皮瓣有原则的不同。又对皮瓣设计因型而异进行了讨论。     

The dorso-nasal artery-island flap

Skin defects on the nasal dorsum remain a challenge for the plastic surgeon. Because the skin of the glabella and nasion is rather loose, it can be advanced or rotated into the defect at the dorsum of the nose in a one-stage repair. This article reports on an arterialized fronto-nasal island flap of the upper nose, based on only one dorsal nasal artery. Received: 22 July 1997 / Accepted: 6 February 1999     

应用颏下动脉岛状皮瓣治疗颏部黑痣

目的:探讨颏下动脉皮瓣修复颏部黑痣的可行性及优越性.方法:对6例颏部黑痣患者行一次性黑痣切除,设计颏下动脉皮瓣Ⅰ期修复黑痣切除后的创面.结果:6例颏部黑痣患者术后皮瓣全部成活,患者及家属时术后外观满意,无挛缩现象发生.结论:颏下动脉皮瓣与颏部组织类似的特性,颜色质地好,供区隐蔽,手术操作相对简单,安全快速,是I期修复颏部黑痣的理想的方法.     

伴皮肤软组织缺损拇指指骨骨折一期修复

目的 探讨急诊一期钢板内固定结合示指背岛皮瓣修复伴皮肤软组织缺损拇指指骨骨折的临床疗效.方法 2003年7月至2007年7月,对35例伴皮肤软组织缺损拇指指骨骨折患者,采用钢板固定结合示指背岛皮瓣覆盖创面一期修复.结果 平均随访时间3.5年(1～5年),皮瓣全部成活,功能恢复较好,外观满意;骨折平均愈合时间3个月(2～4.5个月),无骨不连及畸形愈合,无感染.结论 示指背岛皮瓣结合坚强内固定,是急诊修复伴皮肤软组织缺损拇指指骨骨折的有效方法.     

邻指指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指中节皮肤及软组织缺损

目的：探讨邻指指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在修复手指中节皮肤及软组织缺损中的应用价值。方法：1998年3月至2001年12月，利用邻指根部指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复26例手指中节皮肤及软组织缺损，示指6例，中指16例，环指4例，结果：26例皮瓣均全部成活，术后随访3－10个月，皮瓣外观，质地满意，感觉恢复至S3－3 ，供皮区外观较好，功能无明显影响，结论：邻指根部指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣是修复中节手指皮肤及软组织缺损的好方法。     

前臂岛状皮瓣转位在手外科的应用

本文报告11例前臂岛状皮瓣转位术用以修复手、肘部皮肤缺损。本组11例中，男性9例，女性2例。年龄为14～42岁、平均26岁。其中5例为急性创伤，5例为外伤后瘢痕挛缩，1例为慢性溃疡。向远侧转位至手7例，向上转位至肘3例。带双血管蒂滑移至腕1例。结果全部成活，功能恢复满意，前臂岛状皮瓣的优点是手术简单不需吻合血管，疗效可靠，手术时间短。我们认为在一定条件下前臂岛状皮瓣转位可以代替游离皮瓣移植修复手、肘部皮肤缺损。     

Effect of habitat area and isolation on fragmented animal populations

Habitat destruction has driven many once-contiguous animal populations into remnant patches of varying size and isolation. The underlying framework for the conservation of fragmented populations is founded on the principles of island biogeography, wherein the probability of species occurrence in habitat patches varies as a function of patch size and isolation. Despite decades of research, the general importance of patch area and isolation as predictors of species occupancy in fragmented terrestrial systems remains unknown because of a lack of quantitative synthesis. Here, we compile occupancy data from 1,015 bird, mammal, reptile, amphibian, and invertebrate population networks on 6 continents and show that patch area and isolation are surprisingly poor predictors of occupancy for most species. We examine factors such as improper scaling and biases in species representation as explanations and find that the type of land cover separating patches most strongly affects the sensitivity of species to patch area and isolation. Our results indicate that patch area and isolation are indeed important factors affecting the occupancy of many species, but properties of the intervening matrix should not be ignored. Improving matrix quality may lead to higher conservation returns than manipulating the size and configuration of remnant patches for many of the species that persist in the aftermath of habitat destruction.     

幽门螺杆菌感染者中cag致病岛的分布及其意义

目的 探讨ｃａｇ致病岛在人幽门螺杆菌感染者中的分布特征及共与ＨＰ致的相关性。方法 采用ＰＣＲ方法检测了１０７例临床分离培养的ＨＰ菌株，分别扩增ｃａｇＡ中的２９８ｂｐ片段、ｃａｇ致病岛的ｃａｇⅠ中的１７０ｂｐ及ｃａｇⅡ中的５９７ｂｐⅡ阳性的检出率分别为２５２％和７．５％，并发现１株生胃炎，１株来源于贲门癌。ｃａｇ致病岛的检出在慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌等疾病间差异无显著性。结论 ｃａｇ致病岛在中国人