论河北省卫生系统办公自动化管理系统

系统采用基于TCP/IP协议的国际互联网为基础,采用B/S结构,客户端采用IE浏览器,服务器端采用WINDOW2000的IIS作为服务器。其主要功能:工作督办、工作信息、电子邮件、收文、发文、图书管理、档案管理、车辆管理、日程管理、待办事宜、电子论坛、考勤管理等。     

Improved Static Compression Behaviors and Tablettabilities of Spherically Agglomerated Crystals Produced by the Spherical Crystallization Technique with a Two-Solvent System

Purpose. Poorly compressible crystals of acebutolol hydrochloride were agglomerated by the spherical crystallization technique with a two-solvent system to improve the compressibility for direct tabletting. The mechanism of improvements in static compression behaviors and tablettabilities of the spherically agglomerated crystals were investigated. Methods. The improvement of static compression behaviors of the agglomerated crystals was determined by measuring the stress relaxations and elastic recoveries of compressed powder of original and agglomerated crystals. The improved tablettability of agglomerated crystals was evaluated by the pressure transmission ratio upon compression, the ejection pressure for releasing the tablet from the die and the tablet strength, i.e., tensile strength required for breaking. Results. The higher relaxation pressure and the lower elastic recovery of the agglomerated crystals than of the original crystals were found. The pressure transmission ratio data showed that the friction pressures of the two crystals were similar during the compression period. The ejection pressure of the agglomerated crystals was lower than that of the original crystals. The tensile strength of the tablet of agglomerated crystals was greater than that of the original crystals. Conclusions. The compressibility and tablettability of the spherically agglomerated crystals prepared by the spherical crystallization technique were much improved due to their increased plastic property and reduced adhesive property compared to the original crystals.     

Reports of Large Immunosuppression Trials in Kidney Transplantation: Room for Improvement

The reporting quality of publications of clinical trials can affect the quality of clinical decision-making. We systematically assessed the quality of publications of large multicenter trials evaluating immunosuppressive regimens in de novo kidney transplantation. Study quality, reporting quality and accessibility of the results of 63 publications were assessed independently by three blinded investigators using an instrument combining the Jadad scale with a list of reporting quality items. Study quality was rated with an average of only 2.3 (range 1-5) on the Jadad scale. Unblinded studies were reported in 68.3% of publications and follow-up longer than 12 months was reported for only 13 out of 50 studies. The reviewed publications fulfilled an average of 69.1% of the reporting quality criteria. Fifty-four percent of publications did not report both treated and biopsy-proven rejections. Whether reported graft survival was censored for death could not be determined for 27% of publications. Only a few publications gave confidence intervals (CIs) or stated whether additional analyses were pre-specified. Even the largest trials of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation show considerable quality deficits in their design and publication. Additional efforts are required of investigators, editors and sponsors to achieve maximum study and reporting quality.     

睫状体缝合复位术的临床观察及护理

目的:探讨适合睫状体缝合复位术病人的护理方法。方法:对34例(34只眼)因外伤致睫状体分离和脱离导致低眼压,随后行睫状体缝合复位术的病人进行观察和护理。结果:32只眼术后1周至6个月眼压恢复正常,其中5只眼术后2～5个月内分别进行第二次手术或氩离子激光光凝而痊愈。视力改善者21例,无变化者13例。结论:睫状体缝合复位术是治疗外伤性睫状体分离和脱离的有效方法。术前行超声生物显微镜(UBM)检查、术后密切观察眼压变化并给予正确处理、做好心理护理和出院指导是确保手术成功的重要措施。     

MEASUREMENT OF SURGICAL COSTS: A CLINICAL ANALYSIS

Because of reduced health care funding it is becoming necessary for surgeons to take a greater interest in the costs of individual operations. This study reports costs directly measurable to the patient, and also the indirect costs of hospital overheads, an operating suite and teaching, which were 37, 10 and 15%, respectively (62%), of hospital budget. A scheme has been developed which could give surgeons a standard to report direct costs. Pre-admission, ward, operating room, recovery, intensive care and post-admission are defined as cost periods and the modalities of staff, equipment (capital, maintenance and replacement), imaging, laboratory and consumables apply to each. This strategy was applied to assess open cholecystectomy (OC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) as an example. The direct costs for OC were $3706 and LC $2868, a difference of $838; the indirect and direct costs were OC $6004 and LC $4646, a difference of $1358. Thus indirect cost magnified the difference between the operations. Bed stay, density of nursing and use of disposable instruments were the major influences on direct costs. The individual cost advantage of a shorter bed stay may be countervailed by an increased hospital activity. The main patient benefit of new operations may be improved quality of life and more rapid return to work with prevention of salary losses. A method has been developed to define costs of a particular surgical operation with the purpose of stimulating surgeons' interest in this topic and developing a common style of reporting. This method should help clinicians dealing with hospital finances and waiting lists. Indirect costs are a hidden substantial cost of surgery. Considerably more attention needs to be paid to indirect costs in controlling surgical budgets.     

青年性腰椎弓根崩裂直接修复后TSRH钩钉系统固定12例初步报告

[目的]评价TSRH钩钉系统对青年患者腰椎弓崩裂直接修复后固定的临床疗效。[方法]自2001年7月~2003年10月,对12例男性单纯腰椎弓崩裂患者(16~31周岁)行腰椎弓崩裂自体骨直接修复峡部裂后TSRH椎板钩、椎弓根钉固定术。术后随访,根据术后X线、CT结果评价修复效果,并根据MacNab's标准进行临床评价。[结果]经过6~19个月随访,所有患者腰椎弓崩裂影像学全部融合;临床下腰痛显著缓解,按MacNab's标准,优8例,良3例,一般1例;无手术及内固定相关并发症发生。[结论]直接修复后TSRH钩钉系统固定治疗青年性腰椎弓崩裂能充分保留腰椎运动节段,在减少融合节段的同时能有效恢复腰椎稳定,操作简便、安全,固定可靠,是一种合乎逻辑的治疗青年性腰椎弓崩裂方法。     

Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions in an Italian region: Six years of analysis and observations

Pharmacovigilance started in Italy in 1965, and from 1987 reporting of ADRs has been mandatory. Doctors have to send the filled forms on suspected ADRs to the Local Health Districts which transmit biannually all the reports to the Health Department. In a Northern Italian Region (Veneto) spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) has been studied during the period 1988–1993. This Region contributes a substantial percentage of the total Italian reports. The total number of reports was 3700, most of these (54 per cent) coming from GPs. A great variability in the reporting rate among the 36 districts of Veneto Region (range: 0–8.8 per 10,000 inhabitants per year) and an important under-reporting have been evident. Underreporting is also emphasized by the fact that in 1993 the Veneto doctors who sent at least one report were only 2.7 per cent. On the whole about 35 per cent of reports concerned minor reactions caused by drugs which have a well known toxicological profile. Comparison between reports coming from Veneto and the UK in some cases show a similar safety profile (omeprazole and simvastatin), whereas in other cases (e.g. terfenadine, glafenine, fluoxetine) no correspondence can be found. This article reveals the limits of the actual spontaneous reporting in Italy and suggests some possible measures for improving it.     

中药药性量化方法对补虚药功效归类预测的研究

目的对中药药性依其重要性进行更深层次的多值量化分析,将比定性的文字表述和简单的二值量化表示更有意义.方法以补虚药为研究对象,药性为基本特征,在对其进行二值量化和多值量化的基础上,采用应用人工神经网络和决策树等数据库知识发现技术,进行对补虚药功效归类判别结果的影响研究.结论结果表明药性的不同量化方法对补虚药的功效归类预测有一定影响,多值量化比二值量化具有更为理想的判别结果.     

电力电缆的预防性试验

主要叙述了电缆做预防性试验及其试验项目、方法和要求，以及需注意的问题。