类比思维在医学文献检索教学中的应用

针对文献检索部分教学内容抽象、枯燥、容易混淆,难以理解和掌握等问题,在分析类比含义的基础上,将类比思维应用于文献检索教学中,并结合实际教学举例阐述了类比联想在文献级别等概念中的应用和类比推理在CBM和Pub Med数据库讲解中的应用,教学实践证明类比法对重点、难点知识的讲解能够达到由浅入深、化难为易的教学效果,对提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力和创新思维的培养具有较好效果。     

信息化建设中医疗大数据现状

介绍了医疗大数据的多维性、不完整性、时序性、冗余性等特点,医疗大数据主要来自医疗服务方、医疗保险方、卫生行政方、医药和医疗器械生产流通方、因特网医疗和生命科学,主要应用于药品研发、疾病诊疗、医疗保险、智能决策、个人健康管理等方面及其面临的数据整合、数据存储、数据共享、人才缺乏和隐私保护等问题的挑战。     

What is the patient acceptability of real time 1:1 videoconferencing in an orthopaedics setting? A systematic review

Background

Real time 1:1 videoconferencing (VC) has the potential to play an important role in the management of orthopaedic pathologies. Despite positive reporting of telemedicine studies uptake in clinical practice remains low. Acceptability to patients is an important element of system take-up in telemedicine and a focus towards qualitative methodology may explore the underlying reasons behind its acceptability. In this paper we have systematically reviewed qualitative studies that include evidence about patient responses to VC services in an orthopaedic setting.

Medical Rehabilitation: Guidelines to Advance the Field With High-Impact Clinical Trials

The purpose of this Special Communication is to summarize guidelines and recommendations stemming from an expert panel convened by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) for a workshop entitled The Future of Medical Rehabilitation Clinical Trials, held September 29-30, 2016, at the NCMRR offices in Bethesda, Maryland. The ultimate goal of both the workshop and this summary is to offer guidance on clinical trials design and operations to the medical rehabilitation research community, with the intent of maximizing the effect of future trials.     

Virtual Reality Rehabilitation With Functional Electrical Stimulation Improves Upper Extremity Function in Patients With Chronic Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study

Objective

To compare virtual reality (VR) combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) with cyclic FES for improving upper extremity function and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic stroke.

Quality of Life and Adaptation in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Response Shift Effects From 1 to 5 Years Postinjury

Objective

To investigate response shift effects in spinal cord injury (SCI) over 5 years postinjury.

Reasons for Distress Among Burn Survivors at 6, 12, and 24 Months Postdischarge: A Burn Injury Model System Investigation

Objective

To identify important sources of distress among burn survivors at discharge and 6, 12, and 24 months postinjury, and to examine if the distress related to these sources changed over time.

国内外MOOC医学课程对比分析

目的：对比分析国内外MOOC医学课程现状,为中国学习者提供高效便捷的MOOC医学课程及远程医学教育。方法：对Coursera、edX、“中国大学MOOC”、“人卫慕课”4家平台的医学课程在数量、授课大学、授课语言、课程认证及中外MOOC医学课程的发展现状进行了对比分析。结果：中国的MOOC医学课程在数量、规模、认证方式等方面与国外还存在一定差距。结论：国内医学工作者应抓住机遇,为国内学习者提供更为便利高效的MOOC医学学习平台。     

基于学生需求的医学文献检索课教学改革

结合学生意见和建议,总结分析了医学文献检索课教学中存在的问题,针对这些问题提出了改进教学硬件设备、改变教学方式、开通多种课后答疑和辅导途径、强化学生的信息技能、完善课程考核形式等改革措施。     

Nursing clinical practice changes to improve self‐management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aim

To propose nursing clinical practice changes to improve the development of patient self‐management.

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the main causes of chronic morbidity, loss of quality of life and high mortality rates.

Introduction

Control of the disease's progression, the preservation of autonomy in self‐care and maintenance of quality of life are extremely challenging for patients to execute in their daily living. However, there is still little evidence to support nursing clinical practice changes to improve the development of self‐management.

Methods

A participatory action research study was performed in a medicine inpatient department and the outpatient unit of a Portuguese hospital. The sample comprised 52 nurses and 99 patients. For data collection, we used interviews, participant observation and content analysis.

Results

The main elements of nursing clinical practice that were identified as a focus for improvement measures were the healthcare model, the organization of healthcare and the documentation of a support decision‐making process. The specific guidelines, the provision of material to support decision‐making and the optimization of information sharing between professionals positively influenced the change process. This change improved the development of self‐management skills related to the awareness of the need for ‘change’, hope, involvement, knowledge and abilities.

Discussion

The implemented changes have improved health‐related behaviours and clinical outcomes.

Conclusion

To support self‐management development skills, an effective nursing clinical practice change is needed. This study has demonstrated the relevance of a portfolio of techniques and tools to help patients adopt healthy behaviours.

Implications for nursing and/or health policy

The involvement and participation of nurses and patients in the conceptualization, implementation and evaluation of policy change are fundamental issues to improve the quality of nursing care and clinical outcomes.