智慧医学——泌尿人逐梦新征程

随着人工智能、大数据、云计算等数字化技术的蓬勃兴起,智慧医学的概念应运而生。作为"健康中国"和"中国制造2025"国家战略的深度融合,智慧医学相关技术已逐渐融入到泌尿系统疾病筛查、诊断、治疗决策及随访等疾病全程管理中。本文将梳理智慧医学在泌尿系统疾病中的应用进展并展望前景,以期为广大泌尿外科医生提供参考。     

基于智能货架和物流机器人的手术室智能物流体系建设研究

目的:构建基于智能货架和物流机器人的手术室智能物流体系,缩短手术室物资库管理和派送时间及人力成本,精确盘点物资使用量及库存量.方法:引入智能货架和物流机器人,以耗材管理信息系统和手术麻醉系统为辅助,设置由智能回旋货架、智能物流机器人、智能冰箱和智能耗材柜组成的智能硬件系统,以及由物资管理系统、智能货架管理系统、手术麻醉...     

轨道小车物流系统在智慧医院建设中的应用实践

介绍了重庆医科大学附属第二医院江南院区轨道小车物流系统的基本情况,从系统规划、站点设置、院感控制方法、增效措施、洞口安全、验收工作等方面阐述了轨道小车物流系统建设的管控重点.轨道小车物流系统安全、高效地解决了医院标本、药品等重要物资的运输问题,为以后的医院轨道小车物流系统建设提供了参考.     

智慧护理信息系统应用于慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者出院后延续性干预效果评价

目的:探讨智慧护理信息系统应用于慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者出院后延续性干预效果评价。方法:本文为回顾性研究。选取东莞市厚街医院2020年1月至12月重症监护病房（ICU）收治的100例慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者,2020年1月至6月在智慧护理信息系统下实施常规护理的50例ICU慢性心力衰竭急性发作患者为对照组,2020年7...     

基于分类树模型的老年人智慧健康养老服务购买意愿影响因素分析

目的 了解老年人智慧健康养老服务购买意愿及其影响,为智慧健康养老服务产业发展决策提供参考思路借鉴。方法 采用分层随机抽样对重庆市九龙坡区981名老年人进行问卷调查,运用分类树模型分析影响老年人智慧健康养老服务购买意愿的影响因素,采取索引图、Risk统计值对模型进行评估。结果 41.5%的老年人具有购买智慧健康养老服务意愿。分类树模型结果显示退休前职业、网络使用情况、智能手机使用情况、智慧健康养老认知、养老方式5个解释变量为影响老年人智慧健康养老服务购买意愿因素,其中退休前职业是最主要影响因素。结论 智慧健康养老服务市场可优先选择政府机关事业单位、企业退休人员进行培育,逐步推广。强化老年人现代信息技能的培训及智慧健康养老服务的宣传力度,丰富智慧健康养老服务供给。     

Shared impairment in associative learning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Background

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share some cognitive commonalities. However, the role of associative learning, which is a cornerstone of human cognition mainly relying on hippocampus, has been under-investigated. We assessed behavioral performance during associative learning in a group of SCZ, BD and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

Nineteen patients with SCZ (36 ± 8.1 years; 13 males, 6 females; all Caucasians), 14 patients with BD (41 ± 9.6 years; 5 males, 9 females; all Caucasians) and 45 HC (27.7 ± 6.9 years; 18 males, 27 females; all Caucasians) were studied. Learning was assessed using an established object-location paired-associative learning paradigm. Subjects learned associations between nine equi-familiar common objects and locations in a nine-location grid. Performance data were analyzed in a repeated measures analysis of variance with time (repeated) and group as factors.

Results

Learning curves (performance = 1−e^−k?time) fitted to average performance data in the three groups revealed lower learning rates in SCZ and BD (k = 0.17 and k = 0.34) than HC (k = 0.78). Significant effects of group (F = 11.05, p < 0.001) and time (F = 122.06, p < 0.001) on learning performance were observed.

Conclusions

Our study showed that associative learning is impaired in both SCZ and BD, being potentially not affected by medication. Future studies should investigate the neural substrates of learning deficits in SCZ and BD, particularly focusing on hippocampus function and glutamatergic transmission.     

Evidence‐Based Practice for Intrapartum Care: The Pearls of Midwifery

Care for women in labor in the United States is in a period of significant transition. Many intrapartum care practices that are standard policies in hospitals today were instituted in the 20th century without strong evidence for their effect on the laboring woman, labor progress, or newborn outcomes. Contemporary research has shown that many common practices, such as routine intravenous fluids, electronic fetal monitoring, and routine episiotomies, do more harm than good. In 2010, the American College of Nurse‐Midwives released a PowerPoint presentation titled Evidence‐Based Practice: Pearls of Midwifery. This presentation reviews 13 intrapartum‐care strategies that promote normal physiologic vaginal birth and are associated with a lower cesarean rate. They are also practices long associated with midwifery care. This article reviews the history of intrapartum practices that are now changing, the evidence that supports these changes, and the practical applications for the 13 Pearls of Midwifery.     

中药质量源于设计方法和应用：产品和工艺设计

药品质量源于设计(Quality by Design,QbD)是设计科学和制造科学的总和,设计思维和方法贯穿于药品研究、开发、生产和流通的全过程,设计对药品质量具有决定作用。中药设计是在中医药理论指导下,有效使用多学科的科学原理使中药质量满足临床防病治病需求的过程。本文总结了中药方剂设计、中药药物设计和中药剂型设计等中药产品设计内容,以及药辅合一理论指导下的中药制剂处方设计、中药制药工艺路线设计和制药工程设计等中药工艺设计内容。随着数据科学和人工智能的发展,基于大数据、知识和规则的中药智能设计方法,如专家系统(ES)、工艺分类系统(MCS)和智慧中药系统(iTCM)等,提高了中药设计效率,丰富了中药质量源于设计内容。     

护理质量智能化管理系统的构建与应用

构建了护理质量智能化管理系统。其包括用户权限管理、功能角色、科室信息、科室质量管理信息维护、帮助功能等系统配置,以及基本信息、三级指控、质量检查现场管理、数据统计与检查分析、持续改进与效果追踪等功能模块。应用该系统后,改变了质量管理模式,提高了管理效率,实现了质量管理智能化,提高了护理质量和患者满意度。