Baseline immune activation as a risk factor for the onset of depression during interferon-alpha treatment.

BACKGROUND: Major depression has been associated cross-sectionally with increased cell-mediated immune activation but causality has been difficult to establish. This study prospectively investigated the hypothesis that baseline level of immune activation predicts the development of depression during interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment. METHODS: Sixteen hepatitis C patients without psychiatric disorder underwent IFN-alpha treatment. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined before starting treatment. Presence of a major depressive disorder (MDD) was assessed at baseline and several times during treatment. RESULTS: Baseline soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2r), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations were significantly increased in the five subjects that developed MDD during treatment compared with those that did not, with standardized effect sizes of 1.08, 1.16, and 1.25, respectively, controlling for marijuana use, cigarette smoking, and baseline level of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that increased immune activation, rather than an epiphenomenon, is a causal risk factor for the development of MDD.     

清热解毒液雾化吸入防治留置胃管致咽喉部不适的疗效观察

目的观察清热解毒液(中药制剂)雾化吸入对防治留置胃管致咽喉部疼痛、痰多等不适的效果。方法将80例需要留置胃管的胃肠减压的病人随机分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组按常规的方法进行护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上加用20毫升清热解毒液雾化吸入,每日2次,持续到拔除胃管。结果观察组病人的咽喉部痰量明显比对照组少(χ2=9.0383,P<0.005);观察组病人咽喉部疼痛明显比对照组少而且轻(χ2=19.5267,P<0.005),时间还推后。结论清热解毒液雾化吸入能有效预防及减轻留置胃管致咽喉部的疼痛、咽燥、痰多等不适。     

急性脑梗死血清C-反应蛋白的临床分析

目的观察急性脑梗死患者血清CRP在发病中的作用及临床意义。方法采用免疫比浊法对60例急性脑梗死患者的血清CRP水平进行动态观察（病程第1．7及14天），并与45例健康人进行比较。结果急性脑梗死患者血清CRP从病程第1天即升高（P〈0．01），至第7天达高峰，以后降低；重型患者明显高于轻、中型患者。结论血清CRP可能在急性脑梗死的发生、发展中起一定作用，并与病情严重程度呈正相关。     

菜心富硒规律及其对营养成分的影响

选用菜心作为富硒的研究对象，采用不同质量浓度的亚硒酸钠进行喷施处理，测定总硒和有机硒的含量以及不同的富硒浓度对菜心植株产量和各营养成分的影响。结果显示：喷施低浓度硒可以增进菜心品质而高浓度硒则抑制了菜心植株的正常生长和生理代谢。在富硒菜心中，75％以上的硒以有机硒的形式存在，体内的无机硒主要以6价硒存在，6价硒占总无机硒的94％以上；硒可以明显的提高菜心叶绿素、蛋白质、维生素C和氨基酸的含量，但可溶糖的含量降低。     

Mozart effect in preschool children?

In 1993, Rauscher et al. reported a temporary increase in spatial-temporal ability after listening to Mozart's music. This led to numerous replication and extension studies with mixed findings in the past decade. This study investigated the 'Mozart effect' in preschool children. Forty-one boys and girls, aged three to five, attempted a series of pencil-and-paper maze tests after each of three listening conditions: Mozart's Piano Concerto in A Major (K488), age-appropriate popular music and silence. Overall, there were no statistically significant differences among the three interventions. The results are discussed in relation to the findings of other investigations of the Mozart effect, and the need for further investigation of possible trends.     

改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床观察

目的 :评价改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床价值。方法 :用半随机方法将 10 0例患者分为观察组和对照组 ,各 5 0例 ,对肛肠术后患者切口分别采用传统引流法和改良引流法 ,比较术后出现的并发症及并发症出现的平均时间。结果 :观察组术后并发症和并发症出现的时间少于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :改良引流法能减轻患者痛苦 ,疗效好 ,并发症少。     

丹参对持续癫痫幼鼠脑损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的 探讨丹参对持续癫痫发作诱发幼鼠脑神经元损伤是否具有保护作用。方法 皮下及腹腔注射贝美格针诱发健康幼龄鼠癫痫持续状态发作。光镜下观察神经元病变情况；电镜观察海马神经元超微结构的改变。结果 持续癫痴组幼鼠脑组织光镜下可见明显的神经元病变。电镜下可见海马区神经元的超微结构病变。丹参治疗组神经元病变均轻于持续癫痴组；而正常对照组未见类似病变。结论 丹参在组织、细胞和亚细胞水平对持续癫病幼鼠脑神经元损伤具有一定的保护作用，为临床有效防治小儿惊厥性脑损伤提供了可靠的实验依据。     

腰椎管狭窄症术后下肢残留麻木的发生率及影响因素

[目的]探讨腰椎管狭窄症术后下肢残留麻木的发生率和影响因素。[方法]2001年1月～2003年2月手术治疗56例腰椎管狭窄症患者，术后随访10d，1、3个月、1年和2年，记录患者神经功能和残留症状。[结果]术前82．1％的患者有下肢麻木，术后10d，1、3个月、1年和2年分别有43．6％、39．I％、36．6％、35．3％和35．7％的患者下肢残留麻木，与病程、术前JOA评分和椎管狭窄类型有关，与年龄和神经根直径无关。[结论]腰椎管狭窄症患者术后1个月内下肢麻木恢复最快，术后1年和2年下肢麻木发生率为35．3％和35．7％，推测神经组织的潜在恢复能力影响下肢麻木的发生率。     

醋酸精氨酸对创烧伤患者预后的影响及安全性分析——86例多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验

目的观察服用醋酸精氨酸对创烧伤患者预后的影响及可能出现的不良反应。方法采用多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照的研究方法,将96例创烧伤患者(实际完成86例)随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组41例,服用醋酸精氨酸0．4 g·kg-1·d-1;对照组45例,服用安慰剂酪氨酸,剂量同前,均连用7 d。两组患者采用等氮、等热量的营养支持疗法。比较患者创面(切口)愈合时间、住院时间及不良反应发生情况。结果创伤患者治疗组(29例)创面(切口)愈合时间和住院时间分别为(11．1±2．8)、(19±6)d,明显短于对照组(13．2±5．5)、(22±6)d(33例,P< 0．05);烧伤患者治疗组(12例)创面愈合时间和住院时间各为(20±5)、(28±6)d,与对照组(22±8)、(29±8)d(12例)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。在整个试验过程中,患者出现的不良反应为恶心、腹泻,其中治疗组1例占2．44％,对照组1例占2．22％,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P= 1．000)。以上不良反应停药后消失。结论服用醋酸精氨酸能显著促进创伤患者创面(切口)愈合,缩短住院时间,且无明显不良反应,但对烧伤患者的预后无明显改善,这可能与病例数较少有关,其确切疗效有待于通过大样本的临床试验予以确定。     

Therapeutic effect of antimicrobial drugs against experimental infections due toYersinia pestis in mice

Although there are effective antibacterial agents against plague, newer antibacterial agents have been developed which show more potent activity against other bacterial organisms, but have not been tested againstYersinia pestis. A strain ofYersinia pestis was selected (no. 22; National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan) that caused a systemic infection in mice.Y. pestis no. 22 was intraperitoneally inoculated into DDY-strain mice, and 13 oral or 6 injectable antibacterial drugs given to the infected mice at varying doses 1 and 24 hours after infection. Levofloxacin, sparfloxacin and ofloxacin were the most effective oral agents against the infection, and prulifloxacin and pazufloxacin were also effective but to a lesser extent. Also, gentamicin and arbekacin were the most potent injectable antibacterial agents againstY. pestis. These results suggest that there are several new drugs, both oral and injectable, which exert excellent in vivo antibacterial activity against a mouse infection model and may be useful for the clinical treatment of plague.