Behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer and related factors among female high school students in Japan

Aim

This study aimed to examine female high school students’ behavioral intention to prevent cervical cancer and related factors.

Methods

The participants were 2158 female high school students at 16 high schools in A prefecture in the Tohoku region in Japan. A self‐administered questionnaire was carried out that was developed based on a conceptual framework comprising the Health Belief Model and Theory of Reasoned Action.

Results

The responses were obtained from 2072 students (96.0%). Of these, the answers of 2028 respondents were analyzed after excluding those participants who did not complete the behavioral intention item (effective response rate: 97.0%). A factor analysis and covariance structure analysis yielded a model with strong goodness‐of‐fit that explained the behavioral intentions based on an “Awareness of the importance and effectiveness of cervical cancer screening,” “Obstacles to cervical cancer prevention behavior,” “Subjective norms for adopting cervical cancer prevention behavior,” and “The behavior of someone close that encourages cervical cancer prevention behavior.”

Conclusion

The statistical analysis yielded a model with strong goodness‐of‐fit that explained female high school students’ behavioral intentions, which were related to four factors, including “the awareness of the importance and effectiveness of cervical cancer screening.”

     

What is the patient acceptability of real time 1:1 videoconferencing in an orthopaedics setting? A systematic review

Background

Real time 1:1 videoconferencing (VC) has the potential to play an important role in the management of orthopaedic pathologies. Despite positive reporting of telemedicine studies uptake in clinical practice remains low. Acceptability to patients is an important element of system take-up in telemedicine and a focus towards qualitative methodology may explore the underlying reasons behind its acceptability. In this paper we have systematically reviewed qualitative studies that include evidence about patient responses to VC services in an orthopaedic setting.

Changing Physical Activity Behavior in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives

To (1) systematically review the literature on behavioral interventions for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) that aim to change physical activity (PA) behavior; and (2) explore whether these interventions are clinically effective in improving PA, are theory based, and use established behavior change techniques (BCTs).

Translational Mobilisation Theory: A new paradigm for understanding the organisational elements of nursing work

Translational Mobilisation Theory (TMT) is a generic sociological theory that explains how emergent projects of collective action are progressed in complex organisational contexts. Grounded in a substantial programme of research on healthcare work, it has value for understanding the organisational component of the nursing role for educational, practice and research purposes. This paper introduces Translational Mobilisation Theory, outlines its core components, and considers its application to nursing using ethnographic research on the organising work of nurses as an empirical reference. Organising work is a neglected element of the nursing function and lacks theoretical foundations. As the complexity and intensity of healthcare continues to accelerate this is an important gap in existing frameworks of understanding.     

多元智力理论视阈下的医学信息学本硕博连读培养模式

［］本硕博连读研究生培养模式旨在培养具有原创精神和能力的研究型人才。本文从多元智力理论出发,从理论层面对本硕博连读培养模式进行阐述;结合研究生教育改革实践,从选拔标准、培养模式、过程管理、质量监控、分流淘汰机制、论文答辩以及学术成果要求等几个方面对医学信息学本硕博连读培养中的关键环节进行了分析。     

限制诱导运动疗法辅助虚拟现实游戏对偏瘫儿童运动功能的影响

目的 观察限制诱导运动疗法辅助虚拟现实游戏对偏瘫型脑性瘫痪（脑瘫）患儿运动功能的影响。 方法 采用随机数字表法将偏瘫型脑瘫患儿50例随机分为对照组和实验组,每组25例。2组患儿均给予常规康复治疗,对照组每日行限制诱导运动疗法4 h,其中1 h在治疗师帮助下行受累侧作业治疗,另外3 h在患儿监护人帮助下完成日常生活活动治疗。实验组1 h在治疗师帮助下治疗,1 h进行虚拟现实游戏,剩余2 h在患儿监护人帮助下完成日常生活活动治疗。2组儿童均每周治疗5 d,连续治疗3周。于治疗前、治疗3周后（治疗后）采用上肢功能质量测试量表（QUEST)、中文版粗大运动功能测试量表(GMFM)、残疾儿童评估量表（PEDI）分别对2组患儿的上肢运动功能、粗大运动功能、整体社会功能进行评定。 结果 治疗后,2组患儿的QUEST、GMFM和PEDI评分与组内治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),且实验组治疗后的QUEST、GMFM和PEDI评分分别为（16.38±7.07）分、（72.79±9.96）分、（59.05±5.36）分,均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 限制诱导运动疗法辅助虚拟现实游戏能显著改善偏瘫型脑瘫患儿运动功能及整体社会功能。     

家庭正向行为支持方案的构建及应用研究

目的 构建家庭正向行为支持（positive behavior support,PBS）方案,并探讨其在学龄前恶性肿瘤患儿情绪行为影响中的应用效果。方法 以家庭系统理论为框架构建家庭PBS方案,选取2019年3月—2020年2月于重庆市某三级甲等儿童医院就诊的100例学龄前恶性肿瘤患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组（n=50）和对照组（n=50）。试验组在常规护理基础上接受为期3个月的家庭PBS方案,对照组实施常规护理。比较两组干预前后家庭亲密度与适应性量表得分、养育心理灵活性问卷得分及长处与困难问卷得分。结果 两组干预后长处与困难问卷得分低于干预前（均P<0.001）,家庭亲密度与适应性量表得分高于干预前（均P<0.001）;试验组干预后养育心理灵活性问卷得分高于干预前（P<0.001）;干预后试验组长处与困难问卷得分低于对照组（P<0.001）,家庭亲密度与适应性量表得分和养育心理灵活性问卷得分高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论 应用家庭PBS方案可减少学龄前恶性肿瘤患儿情绪行为问题的发生,改善家庭亲密度与适应性,提高父母养育心理灵活性。