The Training Effects of Solution-Focused Brief Counseling on Telephone-Counseling Volunteers in Taiwan

This study investigates the effects of a solution-focused brief counseling training program on telephone-counseling volunteers in Taiwan, with an emphasis on promoting their counseling self-efficacy. There were 14 hotline volunteers recruited from Taipei Lifeline, they received 24 hours of solution-focused brief counseling training over 3 days. All participants were required to fill in an open-ended course feedback form after the solution-focused brief counseling training program and 1 month later. We used open coding to analyze the verbal data from the course-feedback forms. There were 6 features contributing to the effect of this solution-focused brief counseling training program that were found: helpful solution-focused brief counseling skills, the usefulness of solution-focused brief counseling’s stages, the establishment of basic knowledge of solution-focused brief counseling, enhancing the confidence and stability of telephone-counseling volunteers, the positive influence on volunteers’ personal life, and effective ways to learn and master solution-focused brief counseling. Using the research results, this study discusses solution-focused brief counseling training as it relates to telephone-counseling volunteers and suggests further research directions in relevant fields.     

肾脏病专科门诊实施早班志愿者服务的做法及效果

目的探讨肾脏病专科门诊开展早班志愿者服务的做法与效果。方法组建早班志愿者护理服务队,讲解就诊流程、举办肾脏病健康知识讲座、介绍肾脏病健康教育科普丛书,采用自制的患者满意度调查表进行问卷调查。结果经过5年的应用实践,护理人员主动服务理念增强,护患关系更加融洽,肾脏病专科门诊部满意度由2010年的95.38%上升至2014年的98.83%,门诊量逐年增加。结论组建早班志愿者护理服务队,可使患者及时了解所需要的服务信息及就诊流程,是提高门诊护理质量的有效措施,实现了志愿者自身价值。     

乌鲁木齐地区无偿献血者HCV感染及合并HIV感染状况的调查研究

目的了解乌鲁木齐地区无偿献血者HCV感染及合并HIV感染状况及流行病学特点,探讨血液质量和无偿献血人群特点的关系,为减少HCV经血液传播、预防和控制HCV输血风险提供依据。方法收集2008年1月1日至2010年12月31日在乌鲁木齐血液中心的献血者的一般资料及指标抗-HCV、抗-HIV血液检测结果。结果共调查140 665例献血者,其中男86 179例,占61.27%,女54 486例,占38.73%,年龄范围18~55周岁。血液检测指标不合格率分别为抗-HCV 5.52‰和抗-HIV 2.34‰。结论建立一支固定的无偿献血队伍、加强临床科学用血等是提高血液安全的有效途径。     

激励机制对无偿献血志愿工作的影响

目的探讨激励机制在无偿献血志愿工作发展中的作用。方法增进与无偿献血志愿者的交流,深入了解他们的需求,根据其多元化的需求,适时有效地进行激励。结果通过实施因人而异的多种激励措施,激发无偿献血志愿者的工作热情。结论建立充分、有效的激励机制,促进无偿献血志愿工作的持续、稳定、健康发展,是采供血机构无偿献血志愿工作进一步发展的必然趋势。     

海南地区无偿献血者不规则抗体筛查结果分析

目的调查分析本地区无偿献血者不规则抗体的发生频率和分布特点。方法随机抽取本中心2010年1月-2014年6月,无偿献血者血液标本344 148例,应用盐水法、凝聚胺法和抗球蛋白法筛查献血者不规则抗体。结果 344 148名无偿献血者中共检出不规则抗体78例,阳性率0.0227%。女性不规则抗体的检出率(0.0431%)明显高于男性(0.0129%)(P0.05)。抗体阳性献血者,以18-24岁年龄段人群比率最高,达到47.44%。检出的不规则抗体包括ABO亚型16例,抗-M 9例,抗-D 3例,抗-P11例,抗-Tja1例,冷自身抗体20例和非特异性不规则抗体28例。结论海南地区无偿献血人群中有一定比例的红细胞不规则抗体检出率,因此加强和重视不规则抗体筛查和鉴定工作,对保障临床安全用血具有重要意义。     

2008～2013年万州地区无偿献血者血液检测结果分析

目的了解万州地区无偿献血者血液传染病情况,为无偿献血招募方式和招募策略提供科学依据,从而达到减少血液报废,保护血液资源,提高血液安全性的目的。方法收集2008~2013年万州地区无偿献血者相关数据。献血前乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)采用胶体金测试条进行筛查,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)采用干式化学法筛查。献血后ALT采用速率法进行检测,测定值小于或等于40U判为合格。自2013年8月起,以男性ALT≤50U和女性ALT≤40U判为合格标准。HBsAg、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)和艾滋病病毒抗体(抗-HIV)采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测。结果无偿献血者共259 004人次,其血液感染性指标检测总不合格率为5.96%。各检测项目不合格率从高到低依次为ALT、抗-TP、HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV。团体招募预约采血方式血液感染性指标检测不合格率(6.14%)高于街头采血不合格率(5.43%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);技术人员、公务员、个体血液感染性指标检测不合格率分别为8.69%、7.49%、7.05%,均高于学生、军人、医务人员、农民血液感染性指标检测不合格率(2.69%、4.24%、5.48%、5.55%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);文盲、研究生、高中、初中、小学文化程度者血液感染性指标检测不合格率分别为8.89%、6.70%、6.22%、6.11%、6.05%,均高于中专、本科、大专文化程度者血液感染性指标检测不合格率(5.65%、5.71%、5.93%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论进一步提高ALT和HBsAg筛查的准确性,增加献血前抗-TP筛查,将有利于减少血液报废和保护血液资源。巩固和发展大学生与医务人员献血,大力宣传、动员和发展农民献血。     

宁养义工服务对癌末患者生活质量影响

目的：了解癌末患者生活现状,分析影响生活质量的基本因素及评价宁养义工服务的作用。方法：通过宁养志愿者对癌末患者生活进行干预研究,应用生命支持量表和生命质量量表进行现状调查,并运用统计学软件进行结果分析。结果：癌末患者的生命支持量表：经过t检验可以看出在性别（t＝－0．492,P＝0．002）、年龄（t＝－2．69,P＝0．012）方面差异具有统计学意义;经过方差分析可以看出,癌末患者在家庭人均收入（ F＝5．369,P＝0．011）和身体状况（F＝4．14,P＝0．027）方面差异具有统计学意义;癌末患者的生命质量量表：经过t检验可以看出在性别（t＝－3．345,P＝0．002）、年龄（t＝－2．804,P＝0．009）方面差异具有统计学意义;经过方差分析可以看出,癌末患者在家庭人均收入（F＝5．914,P＝0．007）、是否有宗教信仰（F＝5．744,P＜0．001）、身体状况（F＝13．861,P＜0．001）以及对病情的了解程度（F＝5．875,P＝0．008）方面差异具有统计学意义。经过4个月的宁养义工服务后,有超过90％的癌末患者希望社工能够为其持续的服务。通过宁养义工服务前后的对比,能够发现癌末患者的支持量表前后测量的差值有统计学意义（t＝2．841,P＜0．05）。结论：宁养义工服务能够对癌末患者生活产生积极地影响作用。     

关于急诊科引入心理关怀志愿者的探索

医院在急诊科引入心理关怀志愿者,尝试对患者及其家属进行一定程度的心理疏导。通过对服务数据的统计分析,结果显示志愿者的服务使71％的患者在不同程度上缓解和消除了不良情绪,对促进患者身心康复,提升医院的服务内涵有积极的意义。     

Definition of normality of pressure-flow parameters based on observations in asymptomatic men

AIMS: Clinical nomograms for differentiating obstructed from unobstructed voiding and poor detrusor contractility from normal contractility have traditionally been drawn on the basis of symptomatic response to outflow tract surgery or on urodynamic changes in men with LUTS before and after surgery. The aim of this study was to examine pressure-flow parameters in asymptomatic male volunteers before age-related changes in the lower urinary tract had taken place and to assess detrusor contractility and outflow conditions during physiological bladder filling against clinically used pressure-flow nomograms. METHODS: Thirty-seven healthy male subjects between the ages of 18 and 40 years volunteered to undergo AUM. A total of 66 fill-void cycles in 25 individuals were evaluable. RESULTS: Mean p(det.Qmax) for the group was 53 +/- 3 cmH(2)O with a mean Q(max) of 24 +/- 2 ml sec(-1). URA of 21 cmH(2)O defined the upper border of normality for the outflow condition. Sch?fer's OCO showed the most consistent relationship between estimated urethral pressure at minimal flow and true measured urethral closure pressure. From a clinical perspective, the linear nomograms (ICS and Sch?fer) are more easily accessible with the ICS BOOI and obstruction index being the simplest to calculate manually. Minimal differences found between these urodynamic nomograms confirm the clinical value of recommending a single method to facilitate future comparisons between studies. CONCLUSIONS: An upper limit of normality for the male outflow condition can be defined by an URA of 21 cmH(2)O, AGN of 40 cmH(2)O or OCO of 1. Results above these reference values should be considered abnormal in this age group and where identified in a different age-group should be explained by physiological or pathophysiological events.