Two novel gastric cancer-associated genes identified by differential display

AIM To clone novel gastric cancer-associated genes and investigate their roles in gastric cancer occurrence.METHODS A method called differential display was used which allows the identification of differentially expressed genes by using PAGE to display PCR-amplified cDNA fragments between gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosa cells. These fragments were cloned into plasmid vector pUC18. Homology analysis was made after sequencing these fragments.RESULTS Two novel genes were identified compared with sequences from GenBank. One was registered with the AD number AF 051783. In situ hybridization showed that these two novel genes expressed specifically in gastric cancer tissues.CONCLUSION The two novel genes obtained by differential display were confirmed to be gastric cancer-associated genes using in situ hybridization.     

人胎儿胃液、胆汁及胃粘膜、胆囊组织胃动素水平及其相关性

作者采用特异性胃动素(MTL)抗体,通过放射免疫法,对8例16～40周龄的人胎儿胃液、胆汁及胃粘膜、胆囊组织MTL含量进行探测。结果显示:MTL含量胃液为46.00±12.87pmol/L,胆汁为29.89±15.45Pmol/L;胃粘膜为1.34±0.45pmol/g,胆囊为0.87±0.32pmol/g.胃液、胃粘膜MTL含量分别高于胆汁及胆囊MTL水平(P<0.05)。相关分析显示:胃液与胃粘膜MTL含量,胆汁与胆囊MTL含量均呈显著正相关(N=8,r=0.8933,P<0.01;N=8,r=0.9016,P<0.01)。胃粘膜MTL含量与胎龄增长也呈显著正相关(N=8,r=0.7321,P<0.05)。     

应用Poisson分布原理分析福建省胃癌死亡人群分布特征

本文就福建省及长乐县全死因回顾调查资料,应用Poisson分布原理分析胃癌死亡人群分布特征。福建省资料x~2=34.9330,P<0.001,不符合Poisson分布,提示全省有高低发区存在。长乐县X~2=0.9312,P>0.05,符合Poisson分布,即胃癌在该县呈高度分散状态,恶性肿瘤的地区分布和致癌因素分布相一致。     

A comparison of the effects of omeprazole and ranitidine on gastric secretion in women undergoing elective Caesarean section

This study compares the efficacy of omeprazole and ranitidine at reducing gastric secretion in obstetric patients. Sixty-five women scheduled to undergo elective Caesarean section under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated to receive either omeprazole 40 mg or ranitidine 150 mg orally at 2200 hours the night before and at 0600 hours on the morning of surgery. Intragastric pH and volume were measured immediately after induction of anaesthesia and on completion of surgery. All patients had gastric aspirates less than 25 ml. None of the omeprazole group had an aspirate of pH less than 3.5. Six patients (19%) in the ranitidine group had aspirates of pH less than 3.5, a significant difference from the omeprazole group (p less than 0.05). Of these six, two (6%) had aspirates of pH less than 2.5. Hence this study showed that omeprazole was more effective and consistent than ranitidine at maintaining gastric pH greater than 3.5.     

川芎嗪和参麦注射液对老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注胃肠损伤的作用

目的 :研究川芎嗪和参麦注射液及其配伍对老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注胃肠损伤作用。方法 :选SD 2 0～ 2 2月龄大鼠分为对照组、模型组、尼莫通组、川芎嗪组、参麦组、川芎参麦组 ,测各组脑电图幅度的变化 ,胃肠组织、血清、血液和下丘脑中的生化指标及胃肠生理变化。结果 :川芎嗪和参麦注射液对老龄大鼠脑缺血再灌注胃肠组织损伤有明显保护作用。结论 :其保护作用机制与拮抗自由基损伤、调节ATP酶活性和降低肿瘤坏死因子及调节单胺类神经递质的变化有关。川芎嗪和参麦注射液及其配伍的作用机制有所不同     

半乳糖结合位点封闭式免疫毒素的制备及其特性

本文报道B链半乳糖结合位点封闭的蓖麻毒素—胃癌单克隆抗体(McAb)结合物的制备及其细胞毒特征.首先将引入碘乙酰基团的毒素与引入巯基的抗体反应,得到的结合物通过琼脂糖亲和层析柱除去仍保留半乳糖结合能力的部分.ELISA结果表明,结合物稀释至2 nmol/L水平,仍保留抗体结合活性.结合物对靶细胞在体外有较强的选择性杀伤作用,在0.1 pmol/L水平,对人胃癌细胞KATOⅢ的杀伤率为46％,优于McAb—蓖麻毒素A链结合物.结果表明,免疫毒素中B链的存在有助于增强A链的细胞杀伤作用。     

胃微小腺癌的组织发生研究

从２１０５例胃癌癌旁组织中找出微小腺癌３１例（〈０．１ｃｍ），观察其组织发生的特征，发现胃腺癌的发生有８种形式：①腺颈部干细胞癌变；②表面上皮癌变；③腺上皮癌变；④肠化生上皮癌变；⑤微腺囊癌变；⑥溃疡边缘上皮癌变；⑦扁平腺瘤癌变；⑧贲门交界处柱状上皮癌变。     

磷酸铝凝胶剂的研制

以微粒沉降速度、粒度分布、粘度大小等为指标，利用正交试验法筛选出磷酸铝凝胶剂的最佳处方。结果表明，磷酸铝凝胶剂的沉降容积比可达９３．１％，其粒度均小于１０μｍ，而且沉降速度较小。     

胃癌增殖活性的研究—Ki—67单克隆抗体标记与核分裂计数对比观察

作者用Ki—67单克隆抗体对30例胃癌标本做了免疫组化标记观察,并与核分裂计数作了对比研究.结果发现Ki—67标记阳性率在6.3%～81.3%之间(平均33.04±21.94),Ki—67标记阳性率与核分裂计数之间呈显著正相关(r=0.686,P<0.01),未发现Ki—67标记阳性率在有无淋巴结转移、胃壁侵犯深度、不同分化程度和生长方式之间存在差异( P >0.05).     

Innervation of the monotreme gastrointestinal tract: A study of peptide and catecholamine distribution

The distribution of neurons and endocrine cells containing various peptides or catecholamines was examined in the digestive tracts of the echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) and the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus). Comparisons were made with published studies in other species in order to obtain a broader view of the phylogenetic distribution and possible functions of gut peptides and catecholamines. Further comparisons between the echidna and platypus were made in light of their different dietary features and gut histology. The distribution of neurons and axons containing catecholamines or various peptides resembled that in other species (such as the frequent appearance of axons containing substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the intestinal mucosa, and axons containing substance P or enkephalins in the circular muscle). In both species, the stomach histologically resembles the esophagus, being aglandular and lined with stratified squamous epithelium. Innervation of these two organs was similar but not identical, with a greater array of peptides found in the gastric muscle. The intestinal mucosa was densely innervated in both species. The platypus small intestine is unusual in having a thick and deeply folded mucosa (but no villi), in which the superficial epithelium is absent or incomplete at many sites; many axons travel close to these luminal surfaces. Many (putative noradrenergic) axons associated with blood vessels contained neuropeptide Y, but there was no evidence for intrinsic catecholamine-containing neurons. Somatostatin and cholecystokinin were present in some endocrine cells, but unlike many mammals, absent in neuronal tissue. These studies have shown that there are many strong similarities between monotremes and other mammals in the distribution and array of peptides found within nervous and endocrine tissues of the digestive tract. However, numerous small differences of the echidna and platypus innervation may be correlated with their different digestive structures. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.