灵芝孢子油干预治疗6-羟多巴帕金森病大鼠模型的实验研究

[目的]研究灵芝孢子油对6-羟多巴(6-OHDA)帕金森病(PD)大鼠模型行为学及病理改变的影响,探讨该药对黑质多巴胺能神经元的保护作用.[方法]100只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组20只、6-OHDA组40只、灵芝孢子油 6-OHDA组40只.通过脑部立体定向法将6-OHDA注射到SD大鼠一侧黑质致密部建立6-OHDA大鼠PD模型,灵芝孢子油 6-OHDA组在造模前3 d开始给灵芝孢子油每天500 mg/kg,连续10 d.6-OHDA组喂食生理盐水做对照.造模后每周给予阿朴吗啡观察大鼠旋转行为的变化,4周后用高效液相色谱法检测大鼠纹状体多巴胺及其代谢物含量,免疫组织化学法检测黑质致密部酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)阳性细胞数量,western blot法对TH蛋白进行半定量测定.[结果]①灵芝孢子油 6-OHDA组出现旋转行为的大鼠比例为10%,6-OHDA组为45%,两组比较有显著性差异.②纹状体多巴胺及其代谢物含量在两组间存在差异,多巴胺手术侧含量/手术对侧含量在灵芝孢子油 6-OHDA组为(60.12±7.5)%,在6-OHDA组为(38.58±7.26)%.③在黑质致密带区灵芝孢子油 6-OHDA组的TH免疫阳性细胞及TH蛋白表达量均较6-OHDA组显著增多.[结论]灵芝孢子油能明显改善6-OHDA大鼠模型行为学,增加纹状体多巴胺及其代谢物含量并提高黑质多巴胺能神经元的残存率,提示灵芝孢子油可能具有减缓PD病变进程的神经保护作用.     

Complications of Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Rotational Ablation in Kawasaki Disease

A 13-year-old boy who suffered from Kawasaki disease at the age of 2 months underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary rotational ablation for coronary stenosis. After this procedure, coronary spasm occurred and he experienced acute myocardial infarction within 10 days. Total occlusion of the LAD was demonstrated by coronary angiography. Coronary spasm after such a procedure is one of the most dangerous complications causing acute myocardial infarction.     

银屑病分型论治浅解

银屑病又名牛皮癣,中医称之为白疕,是一种常见易复发的慢性炎症性皮肤病,以云母状鳞屑、红膜症、点状出血为临床特征.近年来,银屑病发病呈上升趋势,其初期有明显的季节性,呈冬重夏轻,无论男女老幼皆可发病,目前病因未明,尚缺乏有效的治疗方法.自2000年以来,我们根据银屑病的临床表现,将其辨证分型为:血热毒盛,寒湿侵袭、脉络瘀阻、血虚风燥、肝肾亏虚等五型,对证治疗取得了比较明显的疗效,现予介绍,以求同道斧正.     

股骨髁旋转力线在三维重建图像中的测量

目的：比较正常膝关节CT三维重建图像中股骨上髁轴（外科上髁轴和临床上髁轴）及前后轴线在性别间的差异，以探讨在全膝关节置换中的临床价值。方法：对2007年6月-2008年5月本院骨科收治的80例患者共80个正常膝关节的CT资料，进行股骨远端三维图像重建，测量后髁角（PCA）、髁扭转角（CTA）、前后轴线的垂线与后髁轴线的夹角（PAPA），比较其在性别间的差异及个体的变异程度。结果：性别间的PCA[（3．48±1．11）°vs（3．67±1．08）°]、CTA[（5．29±1．04）°vs（5．60±1.18）°]及PAPA[（3．85±1．67）°vs（4．03±2．32）°]差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05），且PAPA的变异性较大，而PCA及CTA的变异系数较小（P〈0．05）。结论：股骨上髁轴线是全膝关节置换术股骨髁截骨的最佳参照轴线，前后轴线在性别间无差异。     

熄风通络胶囊治疗缺血性中风急性期的临床研究

痰瘀是中风病发病的基础，气血逆乱是发病的关键，风夹痰瘀痹阻脉络是中风病急性期的基本病理，熄风通络法是中风病的根本治法。本文通过对熄风通络胶囊治疗缺血性中风急性期的临床研究，观察急性缺血性中风病人60例，并与维脑路通片相对比，结果发现，治疗组在改善症状、促进肢体功能恢复、降血脂、改善血流变、降低纤维蛋白原方面明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。     

风湿之邪对寒邪犯肺证大鼠肺脏细胞因子的影响

目的：研究风湿之邪对不同温度梯度变化的寒邪犯肺证大鼠肺脏组织中肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor—α，TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（interleukin-6，IL-6）、白细胞介素4（interleukin-4，IL-4）、γ干扰素（interferon-γ，IFN-γ）等细胞因子的影响。 方法：将104只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为13组：常温对照组、寒邪6组和风寒湿邪（寒邪夹5级左右风力，相对湿度为90％～100％）6组，寒邪包括恒定低温（10℃、0℃、－10℃）和温差（20～10℃、20～0℃、20～－10℃）。第1天将大鼠置于相应环境的调温箱中饲养2h后取出，置常温下饲养4d，观察大鼠的整体状况。放射免疫法测肺组织匀浆中TNF—α、IL－6和IL－4含量，酶联免疫吸附试验检测肺组织匀浆中IFN－γ含量。 结果：与相同温度的寒邪组相比，风寒湿各组大鼠肺组织匀浆中TNF—α、IL－6和IL－4水平明显升高（P〈0．01），IFN—γ水平显著下降（P〈0．01），IFN-γ／IL－4比值显著下降（P〈0．01）。 结论：风湿之邪能够明显加重寒邪对肺脏的损害，加重寒邪犯肺所导致的机体Th1／Th2免疫应答失衡。     

Solid State NMR Investigations on Nanosized Carrier Systems

Pharmaceutical Research -     

Development of vestibular ocular reflex and gross motor function in infants with common cavity deformity as a type of inner ear malformation

Background： The function of common cavity deformity demonstrated by temporal bone CT and MRI has been unknown.

Aim/Objective: To investigate the developmental changes of vestibular ocular reflex and acquisition of postural control in infants with common cavity deformity.

Material and methods: Eight infants who were congenitally deaf complicated by common cavity deformity were studied. The damped rotational chair test was carried out to evaluate vestibular ocular reflex. Acquisition of head control and independent walking in these infants was compared with that in normal infant’s milestones of gross motor development.

Results: All of the eight infants with common cavity deformity did not show per-rotatory nystagmus in the damped rotational chair test around the first year of life. However, a normal number of beats and a longer duration of per-rotatory nystagmus for their age were recorded at around three or four years of age.

Conclusions and significance: In the eight infants with common cavity deformity, vestibular ocular reflex was not present around the first year of life, but appeared after three or four years probably because of some vestibular sensory cells. Head control and independent walking were delayed but eventually acquired by the central vestibular compensation.     

Serotonergic influence on the potentiation of D-amphetamine and apomorphine-induced rotational behavior by the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist 2-methoxy idazoxan in hemiparkinsonian rats

Summary. The α₂-adrenoceptor antagonists potentiate both ipsilateral and contralateral rotations induced by amphetamine and apomorphine respectively in hemiparkinsonian rats. The present study investigated the role of serotonergic transmission in this potentiation in unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine nigral lesioned rats. D-amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) produced ipsilateral rotations, which were decreased by the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) and the α₁-receptor antagonist prazosin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The selective α₂-antagonist 2-methoxy idazoxan (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) potentiated the amphetamine-induced ipsilateral rotations, that were attenuated by haloperidol and prazosin. The selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor citalopram (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and selective serotonin synthesis inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (150 mg/kg, i.p., 3 days) decreased and increased the observed potentiation respectively. Apomorphine (0.2 mg/kg, s.c.) produced contralateral rotations, which were decreased by haloperidol but not by prazosin. 2-methoxy idazoxan potentiated these rotations which were attenuated by haloperidol but not by prazosin. Citalopram and p-chlorophenylalanine increased and decreased the observed potentiation respectively. Citalopram and p-chlorophenylalanine had no effect by per se on D-amphetamine and apomorphine-induced rotations. 2-methoxy idazoxan alone increased both ipsilateral and contralateral spontaneous rotations. Taken together, these findings indicate that an increase in noradrenergic tone by 2-methoxy idazoxan potentiates both D-amphetamine-induced ipsilateral and apomorphine induced contralateral rotations. α₁-Antagonism attenuates D-amphetamine induced ipsilateral rotations and its potentiation by 2-methoxy idazoxan but not apomorphine rotations or its potentiation. Increasing and decreasing the serotonergic transmission decreases and increases D-amphetamine potentiation, whereas increases and decreases apomorphine potentiation respectively. The possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed.     

《金匮·中风》病因初探

仲景对中风一位之论治,既阐述了正气不足、风邪入中而为病,运用了扶正驱邪、养血祛风之法则,又重视“内风”为患因素,同时运用清热熄风、平肝潜阳之大法。其风引汤主热盛动风、肝阳上亢之内风证,开“清热熄风、平肝潜阳”法之先河,为后世治疗眩晕、中风运用是法莫定了理论基础。