乳癌根治术后并发臂丛神经损伤

乳癌根治术是治疗乳腺癌的主要手段,但并发臂丛神经损伤的报道却很少,总结从1989年10月～1991年2月华山医院诊治的9例,3例门诊治疗,6例住院治疗。其中5例行神经松解后,皮瓣或肌皮瓣转移覆盖神经瘢痕区。随访到8例,疼痛改善3例,感觉和运动改善2例,疗效不理想,认为寻找预防措施是减少乳癌根治术后臂丛损伤的根本办法。     

辐照油菜花粉自由基测定

本文采用电子顺磁共振技术测定经Ｃｏ~（６０）γ射线８ＫＧｙ辐照后的油菜花粉中自由基的含量水平。测定结果表明Ｃｏ~（６０）γ射线辐照引起油菜花粉中自由基含量明显升高，但在室温下存放，很快下降至正常水平。     

流行性出血热患者血清超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛含量变化与其发病机理的关系

本文测定32例健康人和101例流行性出血热(EHF)患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果表明EHF患者血清SOD、MDA含量均高于健康对照组,以低血压少尿期升高最为明显。测定中还发现SOD、MDA含量升高与病情变化程度有一定关系。作者认为自由基参与了EHF的发病过程。研究EHF与自由基的关系有助于进一步阐明EHF的发病机理并为其临床治疗提供一定的参考价值。     

Selective vessel ligation in the pelvis: an invaluable tool in certain surgical procedures

While developing the technique of abdominal radical trachelectomy for conservative cervical cancer management, the vascular supply of the uterus was thoroughly examined. The question of how many vessels the uterus requires to ensure its viability arose. Following an abdominal radical trachelectomy for stage IB cervical carcinoma, blood supply of the body of the uterus is successfully maintained by only the two infundibulopelvic vessels (n= 34). Pregnancy has resulted following this technique (n= 2). Selective ligation of the pelvic vasculature has been utilized in the abdominal radical trachelectomy procedure. The objectives of this study were to investigate the vasculature of the infundibulopelvic and broad ligaments, to assess the contribution of the ovarian and uterine vessels to overall uterine perfusion, and to consider the clinical applications of selective pelvic vessel ligation. Ten fresh dissections of the infundibulopelvic vessels, broad ligaments of benign total abdominal hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy specimens were performed. Perfusion index (PI) and oxygen saturation (O(2)Sat) measurements using a modified probe were taken at specified intervals at the uterine cornu during ten routine benign abdominal hysterectomies to assess the contribution of the ovarian and uterine vessels to overall uterine perfusion and the concepts studied were utilized in certain gynecological procedures. The ovarian/infundibulopelvic vessels course medially through the broad ligament toward the uterine cornu and consistently give off a branch to the ovary on its lateral border. In addition, further vessels were noted to run laterally from the uterine cornu along the ovarian ligament to the medial aspect of the ovary. PI and O(2)Sat measurements imply that the uterine and ovarian vessels contribute almost equally to uterine perfusion. Clinical application by selective ligation of the pelvic vasculature has been utilized in certain gynecological procedures often prone to torrential life-threatening uterine hemorrhage. Selective temporary ligation of the uterine and ovarian vessels has proven useful in the surgical management of chemoresistant gestational trophoblastic disease, in the Strassman procedure, fertility-sparing surgery in ruptured cornual ectopic pregnancies, and unrelenting postpartum hemorrhage. Of the six supplying vessels (ovarian, uterine, and vaginal) to the uterus only two (ovarian or uterine or a combination thereof) are required for uterine viability.     

(一)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对活性氧自由基的清除作用机制

本文研究了(一)表没食子儿茶素没食子 酸酯[(—)-EGCG]清除O_(?)和·OH的半数清除率SC_(50)、清除速率常数k和清除反应的化学计量因子n,用体外模型分析了药物对活性氧自由基的清除机制和(—)-EGCG自由基的启动及结构特点,推论药物的清除反应中心为B、D和A环,每分子药物可捕捉6个O_(?)或·OH,与化学计量因子n=6相符。     

影响原发性肝癌根治术后近期和远期复发的临床病理因素

目的 :探讨根治性肝癌术后近期和远期复发因素 ,以期对高复发倾向人群抗复发提出针对性对策。方法 :回顾分析 1994年 5月～ 1998年 1月 16 2例根治性肝癌切除病例的临床资料 ,以影像学发现肿瘤复发及患者死亡或末次随访日期为截点确定无瘤生存时间 ,将术后复发病人分为近期复发 (≤ 2年 )、远期复发 (>2年 )及未复发 3组 ,确定复发危险因素。结果 :本组术后 1、 3、 5年无瘤生存率分别为 6 7. 1、 4 4 . 7及 2 5 . 5 %。与肿瘤近期复发相关因素为发现方式、肿瘤大小、血管癌栓、INM分期 ;与后期复发相关因素为有无肝硬化及其类型、肝功Child -Pugh分级和有无子瘤。结论 :根治性肝癌切除术后近期和远期复发的临床病理因素不同 ,及早发现小肝癌是预防近期复发的关键 ,兼顾术前肝功能可以对远期复发有预测作用     

有机锗对大鼠实验性矽肺形成及脂质过氧化水平的影响

采用硫代巴比妥酸比色法和亚硝酸盐形成法，分别测定了实验性矽肺大鼠血清过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）同工酶活力，同时观察了β羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ｇｅ－１３２）对实验性大鼠矽肺形成的阻断作用及对自由基代谢的影响。结果显示矽肺大鼠血清ＬＰＯ含量显著高于对照组，而血清总ＳＯＤ和ＣｕＺｎＳＯＤ活力显著下降。提示矽肺的发生可能与机体自由基代谢的失衡有关。使用Ｇｅ－１３２可显著提高大鼠机体的抗氧化能力，降低脂质过氧化作用，并可明显干预矽肺病变的形成。     

缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的测定

应用电子自旋共振波谱仪（ＥＳＲ）直接检测了缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的变化，以探讨肌质网系统与氧自由基的关系。实验中将２０只兔随机分为再灌注对照组、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）组、ＡＴＰ－氯化镁组和人参皂甙Ｒｅ组。实验结果，ｇ值２．００４６处为半醌自由基波谱，其相对浓度各组依次为７８．９４±２．１２６，１４．４６±２．８６，２０．６５±７．６５，１４．６６±３．６７（ｘ±ＳＤ），对照组与用药组均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网产生大量的自由基，用ＥＳＲ可以直接检测到半醌自由基，外源性高能磷酸盐制剂ＡＴＰ－氯化镁及人参皂甙Ｒｅ与超氧化物歧化酶一样，发挥清除兔心肌肌浆网自由基的作用。     

The 21-aminosteroid antioxidant, U74389F, prevents estradiol-induced depletion of hypothalamic β-endorphin in adult female rats

A single intramuscular injection of 2 mg estradiol valerate (EV) results in neuronal degeneration and β-endorphin depletion in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of adult female rats. We have hypothesized that peroxidase-positive astrocytes in this brain region oxidize estrogens and catecholestrogens to semiquinone radicals which mediate oxidative neuronal injury. In the present study, dietary administration of the potent antioxidant 21-aminosteroid, U-74389F, completely blocked EV-induced β-endorphin depletion in the hypothalami of adult female rats. Neither EV nor 21-aminosteroid treatment had any effect on hypothalamic concentrations of neuropeptide Y and Met-enkephalin, confirming that the estradiol lesion is fairly selective for the β-endorphin cell population. The present findings support the hypothesis that the toxic effect of estradiol on hypothalamic β-endorphin neurons is mediated by free radicals.     

腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术的可行性及手术方法。方法行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术15例,D1清扫3例,D2/D2 12例。全部病例均行毕Ⅱ式胃空肠吻合。结果15例成功进行腹腔镜手术。手术时间平均(218.6±31.6)min,术中出血量平均(132.4±21.3)ml,清扫淋巴结平均(33.4±13.6)个。肿瘤近端切缘(6.6±0.9)cm,远端切缘(5.4±0.6)cm,术后肛门排气时间平均(3.5±0.6)d,无手术死亡,无吻合口漏,术后并发肺部感染1例,经治疗后痊愈。术后随访1~10个月,无肿瘤复发或转移。结论腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术能达到与开腹胃癌标准根治术(D2)的淋巴结清扫范围及肿瘤切缘,且具有创伤小、出血少、术后恢复快等优点。