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41.
SA、F/TPSA及PSAD在前列腺癌诊断中的作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 :探讨血清前列腺特异抗原 (PSA) ,血清总PSA及游离PSA比值 (F/TPSA)及前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)在前列腺癌诊断中的作用。方法 :对 5 1例前列腺癌患者及 14 5例良性前列腺增生症患者PSA、F/TPSA及PSAD值的差异进行分析、比较。结果 :前列腺癌组血清PSA及PSAD高于良性前列腺增生组 ;而F/TPSA值低于良性前列腺增生组 ,差异均有显著性。结论 :PSA >4ng·ml-1作为筛选前列腺癌的临界值存在一定缺陷 ;当PSA <10ng·ml-1,F/T值有助于鉴别前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生 ;而PSAD对于筛选前列腺活检病例亦有一定价值。  相似文献   
42.
经尿道电切与气化切割和激光治疗前列腺增生症的疗效比较   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
目的 :比较经尿道电切前列腺术 (TURP) ,经尿道前列腺气化切除术 (TUVP)及经尿道接触式激光前列腺切除术 (TULP)的治疗效果。方法 :在 30 0 0例前列腺增生症患者中 ,按三种术式各随机抽取 2 0例术前条件具有可比性的患者 ,进行疗效比较。结果 :3种术式患者手术前后前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、最大尿流率 (MFR)、剩余尿 (PVR)比较均得到显著改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,3组之间相比差异无显著性意义(P >0 .0 5 )。手术时间 :TUVP及TURP组明显短于TULP组 (P <0 .0 1) ,术中失血量及术后置管时间 :TUVP及TULP组明显少于TURP组 (P <0 .0 1)。TURP组术后继发感染、出血、暂时性尿失禁发生率少于TUVP及TULP组。结论 :3种术式治疗效果相同 ;TUVP操作简单、安全 ,对初学者来说尤其适宜 ;TURP仍为治疗BPH的金标准术式  相似文献   
43.
A 52‐year‐old Japanese woman who presented with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding underwent a proximal gastrectomy for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with a foveolar hyperplasia at the apex of the tumor, 4.5 cm in size, located in the upper body of the stomach. Although GIST are often asymptomatic and are found only incidentally, clinical symptoms such as bleeding, abdominal pain, or obstruction, occasionally lead to a premorbid diagnosis. When submucosal tumors present GI bleeding, the source of the bleeding usually is an ulceration of the mucosa over the tumor. However, in the present study, it was thought that the bleeding originated from the region of foveolar hyperplasia.  相似文献   
44.
The thymus in seronegative myasthenia gravis patients   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Summary In 5–10% of all patients with typical generalised myasthenia gravis (MG), serum antibody to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is undetectable. To determine whether these represent a distinct subgroup, we have compared the thymuses of 14 seronegatives, 70 seropositives and 12 non-myasthenic controls. By quantitative immunohistology on coded sections, the 7 seronegative samples were clearly distinguishable from the controls by the pronounced lymph node-type T-cell areas in the medulla. While these closely resembled those in the seropositive cases, germinal centres were significantly sparser, and total in vitro IgG production was disproportionately low (per B cell) in the 12 cases tested. Furthermore, specific anti-AChR production was never detected in any of these cultures. The data support the view that the medullary T-cell areas are the most consistent abnormalitiy in the MG thymus (though it may not be primary), and they strongly imply that seronegative and seropositive MG are distinct entities.  相似文献   
45.
BACKGROUND: We have seen several patients with itchy lichenified plaques located bilaterally on the elbows and/or knees and have named this condition 'psoriatic neurodermatitis' (PN). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and histopathological characteristics of these patients to those of patients with typical lichen simplex chronicus (LSC). METHODS: Nineteen patients with PN and 34 patients with typical LSC were included. Besides clinical dermatological evaluation, the prick test was carried out on 49 patients; the Phadiatop test on 40 patients; the patch test with European standard series on 47 patients; histopathological evaluation on 39 patients; and clinical psychiatric examination on 38 patients. RESULTS: Almost exclusively, PN was seen in females and was located on the extremities. It caused more plaques than typical LSC did. In PN, the plaques were smaller, sharper, more keratotic and less excoriated, and had fewer lichenoid papules around them. Itching was usually more severe in the evening, while resting and in a hot environment in typical LSC, but not in PN. In plaques of PN, microabscesses in the horny layer, hypogranulosis, regular acanthosis and thinning of the suprapapillary plates were more frequent, and hyperpigmentation in the basal layer was less. In patients with PN, depressive disorder was found more frequently; and generalized anxiety disorder or psychosomatic characteristics, less. There were no significant differences in the results of prick, Phadiatop and patch tests between patients with PN and those with typical LSC. CONCLUSION: In our opinion, it is most likely that the so-called PN is itchy psoriasis superimposed by LSC.  相似文献   
46.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L. Moench) on the prostate gland of rats using an experimental model of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The animals were administered 50 mg/kg of extract preparation for 4 and 8 weeks and the prostate mass and structural degenerative changes were evaluated in the course of the experiment. The administration of E. purpurea extract to rats with hyperplasia for 4 and 8 weeks gradually and significantly reduced the prostate mass and reversed the degenerative changes in the structure of the prostate gland. The present investigation suggests extract of purple coneflower prevents the development of BPH. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
47.
目的:探讨BPH切除术后前列腺癌的临床特点。方法:报告9例BPH切除术后前列腺癌患者的临床资料。前列腺癌发病距BPH手术时间为0.5~8年,平均4.6年。患者BPH术后主要因尿频、排尿困难、肉眼血尿或骨痛而再次就诊。血清PSA异常8例,前列腺结节5例,同位素扫描(ECT)骨转移1例。9例均行最大限度雄激素阻断治疗,1例骨痛者行辅助放疗。结果:7例获随访0.5~8年,其中死亡2例,病变稳定4例,病变进展1例。结论:BPH切除术后的病例仍有发生前列腺癌可能,术后应定期随访,及早发现术后前列腺癌。血清PSA、直肠指检及前列腺穿刺活检是BPH术后前列腺癌诊断的主要方法;早期可行前列腺癌根治术,晚期或转移者则以内分泌治疗为主。  相似文献   
48.
目的探讨垂体细胞增生的诊断与治疗。方法男性2例,女性42例,平均年龄28.7岁,平均病程2.4年。临床表现和内分泌检查符合闭经泌乳综合征13例,库欣综合征11例,巨人症1例,无内分泌功能紊乱19例。蝶鞍MRI正常3例,垂体上缘膨隆30例,蝶鞍内信号不均匀26例,垂体柄偏斜17例。44例均行经口鼻蝶窦显微外科垂体探查术。结果44例术后病理均为垂体前叶细胞增生,随访3个月至5年。闭经泌乳患者术后改善12例,复发1例。库欣综合征患者术后改善8例,稳定1例,复发2例。巨人症患者术后无改善。无内分泌功能紊乱症状患者术后改善14例。结论垂体细胞增生在术前很难明确诊断,手术疗效较垂体腺瘤差,易复发。  相似文献   
49.
目的 总结32例前列腺癌患者新辅助治疗(NHT)的作用。方法 32例前列腺癌患者中药物去势17例,手术去势15例,并联合抗雄激素治疗3个月,统计NHT前后前列腺癌体积、肿瘤大小、PSA、FSH、LH和睾酮水平变化。结果 2组NHT后前列腺体积明显变小、肿瘤变小、变软,甚至消失,PSA和睾酮明显下降,药物去势组睾酮水平在耻骨后前列腺癌根治术(RRP)术后2~3个月可恢复正常,而手术去势组RRP术后睾酮呈持续低水平。结论 NHT可明显缩小前列腺体积,降低PSA,有利于手术操作。药物去势对内分泌影响是可逆的,而手术去势内分泌改变不可逆。  相似文献   
50.
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