Possible role of serum testosterone,gonadotropins and prolactin in patients with premature ejaculation

Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common male sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the role of serum testosterone, gonadotropins and prolactin in patients with PE. In a prospective a case‐controlled study, it was conducted on 90 male patients with PE and 90 male healthy participants as controls. Patients were evaluated by Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) and intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT). Patients with mean IELT values ≤60 s and PEDT total scores ≥11 were considered to have PE. Serum levels of total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) and prolactin (PL) were investigated in patients with PE and controls. There was no statistically significant difference between patients with PE and controls regarding the serum levels of TT, FT, FSH, LH and PL (p value ?.05). There was no significant correlation between the sex hormones levels (TT, FT, FSH, LH and PL) and (age, body mass index (BMI), IELTS and total PEDT scores of the patients; p value ?.05). This study concluded that there was no disturbance in serum levels of testosterone, gonadotropins and prolactin in patients with PE and controls. These hormones could not relate to pathogenesis of PE.     

Biological rhythm development in preterm infants: Does health status influence body temperature circadian rhythm?

Twenty-six preterm infants, postconceptional age from 28 to 35 weeks and postnatal age approximately 14 days, were included in a study of the development of temperature circadian rhythm. Insulated abdominal skin temperature and incubator air temperature were recorded continuously at 1-min intervals for 24 hr. Using cosinor analysis, cycle mesor, amplitude, and acrophase were determined. Initial results from regression analysis did not confirm a predicted linear relationship between postconceptional age and amplitude; however, dividing the sample according to health status into sick (N = 15) and not sick (N = 11) groups revealed differing regression models. For not sick infants, amplitude increased with postconceptional age (R(2) =.405), whereas no relationship was found between postconceptional age and cycle amplitude in sick infants (R(2) =.069). These results indicate that healthy preterm infants demonstrate emergence of circadian temperature rhythm. Implications include potential time-based periods of vulnerability, overheating and hyperthermia, and management of incubator operation.     

产妇态度与母婴接触时机对早期新生儿体温的影响

目的:探讨产妇态度与母婴接触时机对出生后新生儿体温的影响,确保母婴早接触及新生儿保暖及复温。方法:产妇知情同意原则下随机选择507例健康产妇和新生儿分为三组,A组包扎脐带后立即与产妇皮肤接触30min;B组待产妇缝合完毕后进行;C组按爱婴医院常规方法进行;比较三组新生儿出生后5min内、30min、1h、2h体温及产妇感受。结果:三组各时段体温具显著性差异P(0.05,A组体温最高、B组次之、C组较低;出生时三组比较无显著差异P>0.05。结论:尽早母婴皮肤接触利于早期新生儿保暖复温;此方法安全有效,尤其适宜不具备保暖条件的基层医院推广使用。但助产人员应关注产妇缝合时痛苦,提高其舒适性。     

小于胎龄儿流行病学及病因学研究进展

近年来小于胎龄儿(SGA)在活产婴儿中所占的比例不断增加,作为新生儿中的特殊群体,SGA对儿童生长发育的近期及远期健康影响均较大。通过对新生儿出生队列的统计学分析,得出了较为完善的SGA的流行病学资料。同时,关于SGA的病因学研究也日渐深入,主要涉及母体、胎盘、胎儿三方面。因此,本文主要从SGA的流行病学特点及病因学机制等方面进行综述。     

陕西贫困地区某县6～24月龄婴幼儿辅食及营养素添加现状分析

目的 分析陕西贫困地区某县6～24月龄婴幼儿辅食及营养素添加状况,为制定合理的膳食方案提供科学依据,为促进本地区婴幼儿营养健康水平提供参考依据。方法 2017年7-8月采用整群分层随机抽样方法对陕西贫困地区某县920名6～24月龄婴幼儿辅食及营养素添加现状进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 陕西贫困地区某县6～24月龄婴幼儿辅食添加种类较少,主要是米面类(82.0%)和蛋类(54.0%),营养素以维生素A(8.8%)、维生素D(10.0%)摄入少,搭配不合理,在辅食添加时间上存在过早和过晚两种极端。断乳后婴幼儿平均每人每日三大营养素比不符合中国营养学会制定膳食参考摄入量(DRIS)标准,随月龄增加,三大营养素摄入量逐渐增加,占膳食营养素推荐摄入量(RNI)百分比呈上升趋势。断乳后12～18月龄婴幼儿钙、铁、锌、钠摄入分别为274.5、3.3、2.4、198.6 mg,18月龄以上分别为298.3、3.8、2.4、175.5 mg,两组婴幼儿维生素A、D、B₁、B₂、C、E实际摄入量均低于DRIS标准。结论 陕西贫困地区某县6～24月龄婴幼儿辅食及营养素添加不均衡,添加过早和过晚均存在;三大营养素摄入量比不符合中国营养学会制定DRIS标准;矿物质及维生素实际摄入量均低于DRIS标准;普及贫困地区婴幼儿辅食及营养素添加的相关知识很有必要。     

多维度新生儿营养风险筛查量表在新生儿病房住院患儿中的应用

目的 通过不同营养量表的对比,讨论最新的多维度营养风险筛查量表在新生儿病房住院患儿的应用价值。方法 选取2017年7月-2018年5月于西安交通大学第二附属医院新生儿病房治疗的患儿86例,分为早产儿和足月儿两组;所有入组患儿再次分为内科组与外科组。应用多维度新生儿营养风险筛查量表、Strongkids自出生开始每周分别对患儿进行评估至28 d。结果 通过多维度新生儿风险筛查量表得出发生营养不良风险患儿占70.9%,早产儿与足月儿相比存在更高的营养不良风险(χ²=6.542,P=0.010);多维度新生儿风险筛查量表提示外科疾病患儿与内科疾病患儿相比存在更高的营养不良风险(χ²=15.816,P<0.001);对于外科疾病新生儿,新生儿营养风险筛查量表敏感度较Strongkids高(χ²＝10.400,P＝0.001)。结论 多维度新生儿营养不良风险筛查量表对于新生儿营养不良风险筛查效果较好,特别针对于患有外科疾病的新生儿中较传统的筛查方式有着更高的敏感性,可用于临床推广。     

发育性髋关节发育不良6 009例超声筛查结果分析

目的 了解苏州地区婴幼儿发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH)发生率,探讨超声筛查在幼儿DDH诊断中的临床价值。方法 2018年1-12月在苏州市立医院儿童保健科经临床检查高度怀疑DDH的6 009例,共12 018个髋关节,采用Graf高频超声技术观察婴幼儿髋关节形态,测量 α、β 角并进行分型,对结果进行统计分析。结果 本次调查正常髋关节5 479例,DDH发病率为5.999%/(721/12 018),女性DDH的检出率高于男性(χ²=133.74,P<0.001)、左侧DDH的检出率高于右侧(χ²=12.22,P=0.002)。结论 超声检查能有效地评估幼儿髋关节的发育,是婴幼儿DDH早期筛查和随访的主要手段,为早期诊断、早期治疗起到了重要作用。     

安庆市2014～2018年出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的通过分析安庆市2014～2018年出生缺陷监测资料,了解出生缺陷发生水平和影响因素。方法按照《中国妇幼卫生监测方案》的方法要求,收集安庆市5家国家级监测医院的出生缺陷监测资料,采用SPSS18.0软件对围生儿出生缺陷发生水平和主要出生缺陷顺位进行分析。结果 5年间,监测围产儿48 764人,发现出生缺陷儿791例,5年出生缺陷的平均发生率为162.21/万。男性出生缺陷发生率(180.76/万)高于女性(140.64/万),差异有统计学意义(х~2=12.286,P<0.05);低年龄组的孕母出生缺陷儿发生率高于其它年龄组,差异有统计学意义(х~2=16.218,P<0.05);乡村出生缺陷儿发生率(169.75/万)与城镇(152.35/万)相比,差异无统计学意义(х~2=2.271,P>0.05)。前5位出生缺陷发生率依次是先天性心脏病、小耳及外耳其他畸形、多并指(趾)、唇腭裂和马蹄内翻足。结论近5年安庆市出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势,应进一步加强三级预防工作,尤其要加强孕前及围孕保健的咨询和宣传,以期降低出生缺陷发生率。