Linkage of four polymorphisms on the αIIb gene

The subunits of the platelet integrin α_IIbβ₃ are encoded by two genes located on chromosome 17. Two pathologies are associated with structural modifications of this complex: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia and alloimmune thrombocytopenia. The former is a hereditary bleeding disorder, the latter is due to an immune response linked to the presence of specific epitopes defined by single amino acid substitutions called human platelet alloantigen (HPA) systems. Analysing the α_IIb gene from 112 independent chromosomes, we have defined two new silent polymorphisms in complete linkage disequilibrium. They are reciprocally linked to HPA-3 and a previously reported 9 pb deletion in intron 21. Linkage of these four DNA markers spanning a 5 kb fragment of genomic DNA provides a new tool for analysing α_IIb gene pathology and evolution.     

Flt3-ligand induces adhesion of haematopoietic progenitor cells via a very late antigen (VLA)-4- and VLA-5-dependent mechanism

The adhesion of haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) to the bone marrow microenvironment is a process regulated by cytokines. In this study, we have shown that flt3-ligand (FL), a growth factor that controls early haematopoiesis, regulated the function and expression of the beta-1 integrins, very late antigen (VLA)-4 and VLA-5 on HPC. The modulation of the adhesiveness of HPC by FL was studied by adhesion assays on umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Stimulation by FL induced two peaks of increased adhesiveness of HPC. The first peak was at around 30 min and was mechanistically related to an activation of the beta-1 integrins, mainly VLA-4 and VLA-5. The second peak was at around 12 h and was related to increased expression of VLA-4 and VLA-5. The control of HPC adhesiveness by FL is a previously unreported property of FL that may be important for the homing and the retention of flt3-expressing HPC within the bone marrow microenvironment.     

Relative Rigidity of Cell–Substrate Effects on Hepatic and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Migration

Abstract

Polyacrylamide gels with different stiffness and glass were employed as substrates to investigate how substrate stiffness affects the cellular stiffness of adherent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCLM3) and hepatic (L02) cells. The interaction of how cell-substrate stiffness influences cell migration was also explored. An atom force microscope measured the stiffness of HCCLM3 and L02 cells on different substrates. Further, F-actin assembly was analyzed using immunofluorescence and Western blot. Finally, cell-surface expression of integrin β1 was quantified by flow cytometry. The results show that, while both HCCLM3 and L02 cells adjusted their cell stiffness to comply with the stiffness of the substrate they were adhered to, their tuning capabilities were different. HCCLM3 cell stiffness complied when substrate stiffness was between 1.1 and 33.7 kPa, whereas the analogous stiffness for L02 cells occurred at a higher substrate stiffness, 3.6 kPa up to glass. These ranges correlated with F-actin filament assembly and integrin β1 expression. In a migration assay, HCCLM3 cells migrated faster on a relatively soft substrate, while L02 cells migrated faster on substrates that were relatively rigid. These findings indicate that different tuning capabilities of HCCLM3 and L02 cells may influence cell migration velocity on substrates with different stiffness by regulating cy- toskeleton remodeling and integrin β1 expression.     

整合素αvβ3抑制剂Cyclo-RGDfK对纤连蛋白诱导乳腺上皮细胞间质转化的影响

目的本研究探讨整合素αvβ3抑制剂(Cyclo-RGDfK)对纤连蛋白(fibronectin,FN)诱导人乳腺上皮细胞MCF-10A上皮间质转化的影响。方法体外传代培养MCF-10A细胞,采用FN诱导建立上皮间质转化(EMT)模型。Western blot实验检测αv integrin、β3 integrin、上皮标志物E-cadherin和间充质标志物N-cadherin、Vimentin的蛋白表达;划痕修复实验和Transwell小室实验检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力。结果 Western blot结果显示FN作用48 h后可明显增强αv integrin、β3 integrin、N-cadherin、Vimentin的蛋白表达,下调E-cadherin蛋白表达,在给予Cyclo-RGDfK作用后,FN诱导的N-cadherin和Vimentin表达上调和E-cadherin表达下调被明显逆转;划痕修复实验和Transwell小室实验结果表明,FN能显著增强MCF-10A细胞迁移和侵袭能力,Cyclo-RGDfK能显著抑制FN的诱导作用。结论 Cyclo-RGDfK能抑制FN诱导乳腺上皮细胞MCF-10A的EMT过程,降低细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,其可能是治疗乳腺癌转移的潜在药物。     

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目的 通过免疫组化法检测正常和实验性根尖周炎进展过程中根尖周组织整合素β1表达的分布情况及规律,探讨其在根尖周组织炎症进展中的作用。方法 取磨牙牙髓暴露不同时间(0、7、14、21、28 d)的大鼠上颌骨行整合素β1免疫组化染色,观察根尖周组织中整合素β1表达部位与表达程度。结果 整合素β1广泛表达于正常大鼠根尖周组织;牙髓暴露7~21 d,根尖周结缔组织中整合素β1呈阳性至强阳性表达,炎细胞密集区可见深棕色颗粒集聚;牙髓暴露28 d,根尖周结缔组织中整合素β1表达较弱。牙槽骨内的骨细胞、陷窝内血管、成骨细胞、破骨细胞及牙骨质细胞中整合素β1在牙髓暴露0~14 d呈强阳性表达,21 d后表达减弱。结论 整合素β1参与根尖周炎症的进展与根尖周肉芽组织形成炎症早期的骨吸收。     

Quantitative analysis of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on β4 integrin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

α6β4 integrin plays pivotal roles in cancer progression in several types of cancers. Our previous study using N-glycan-manipulated cell lines demonstrated that defects in N-glycans or decreased β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on β4 integrin suppress β4 integrin-mediated cancer cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis has shown that colocalization of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans with β4 integrin was observed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissue. However, until now there has been no direct evidence that β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans are upregulated on β4 integrin in cutaneous SCC. In the present study, we performed an ELISA analysis of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on β4 integrins as well as β4 integrins in cell lysates from human normal skin and cutaneous SCC tissues. The SCC samples showed a 4.9- to 7.4-fold increase in the ratio of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans to β4 integrin compared with normal skin samples. These findings suggest that the addition of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans onto β4 integrin was markedly elevated in cutaneous SCC tissue compared to normal skin tissue. The value of β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on β4 integrin may be useful as a diagnostic marker associated with cutaneous SCC tumor progression.     

原发性高血压患者单核细胞趋化蛋白-1基因多态性对尼索地平疗效的影响

目的探究并分析原发性高血压(高血压)患者单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)基因多态性与尼索地平疗效及血清整合素β3、血清细胞间黏附分子(serum intercellular adhesion molecule,sICAM)-1浓度的相关性。方法选取2017年3月至2018年3月成都市温江区人民医院收治的高血压患者100例(基因型为-2076A/T或者-2518G/A),根据患者基因检测结果分为观察组(基因型-2076A/T)及对照组(基因型-2518G/A)。两组患者均给予尼索地平治疗,观察并记录两组患者治疗前,治疗后1个月,治疗后3个月血压控制情况以及血清整合素β3、sICAM-1浓度。结果两组患者性别、年龄、体质量、病程、用药等比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患者血压、整合素β3浓度、sICAM-1浓度均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但观察组患者血压、整合素β3浓度、sICAM-1浓度降低程度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用尼索地平治疗后,MCP-1基因型为-2076A/T的高血压患者的疗效及血清整合素β3、sICAM-1浓度降低程度显著高于MCP-1基因型为-2518G/A的高血压患者。     

Lateral mobility of individual integrin nanoclusters orchestrates the onset for leukocyte adhesion

Integrins are cell membrane adhesion receptors involved in morphogenesis, immunity, tissue healing, and metastasis. A central, yet unresolved question regarding the function of integrins is how these receptors regulate both their conformation and dynamic nanoscale organization on the membrane to generate adhesion-competent microclusters upon ligand binding. Here we exploit the high spatial (nanometer) accuracy and temporal resolution of single-dye tracking to dissect the relationship between conformational state, lateral mobility, and microclustering of the integrin receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) expressed on immune cells. We recently showed that in quiescent monocytes, LFA-1 preorganizes in nanoclusters proximal to nanoscale raft components. We now show that these nanoclusters are primarily mobile on the cell surface with a small (ca. 5%) subset of conformational-active LFA-1 nanoclusters preanchored to the cytoskeleton. Lateral mobility resulted crucial for the formation of microclusters upon ligand binding and for stable adhesion under shear flow. Activation of high-affinity LFA-1 by extracellular Ca(2+) resulted in an eightfold increase on the percentage of immobile nanoclusters and cytoskeleton anchorage. Although having the ability to bind to their ligands, these active nanoclusters failed to support firm adhesion in static and low shear-flow conditions because mobility and clustering capacity were highly compromised. Altogether, our work demonstrates an intricate coupling between conformation and lateral diffusion of LFA-1 and further underscores the crucial role of mobility for the onset of LFA-1 mediated leukocyte adhesion.