大学生心理健康状况及其影响因素的研究

目的：调查大学生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法：采用问卷调查,进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析,筛选影响心理健康的因素。结果：有心理问题者占１０．４％,有严重心理问题者占３．７％。影响大学生心理健康的因素有研究对象年级、母亲文化程度、父母关系、家族居住地区。结论：大学生中存在心理问题应引起家长、学校和社会的关注。     

产后出血量的影响因素分析

目的 阐明影响产后出血量的相关因素,提高围产期的保健质量。方法 对２４１例孕妇在孕期产后进行问卷式调查,分娩时测量产后出血量。用相关、方差等统计方法分析。结果 影响产后出血量的因素涉及生理病理、心理、社会环境等诸多方面。其中生理病理因素为：①剖宫产术,②胎位异常,③腹围过大,④会阴裂伤,⑤胎盘晚出不全;心理因素为：珍贵胎儿,孕期、产时、产后情绪波动;社会环境因素为：孕期使用吸尘器、电话,上班路途径     

石化催化作业工人神经行为功能的调查

（１）目的 探讨石化催化作业对工人神经行为功能的影响。（２）方法 采用ＷＨＯ推荐的神经行为功能测试方法对４０名作业工人（接触组）进行了测定,并与４０名非职业性有害因素作业的工人（对照组）进行了比较。（３）结果 接触组工人情感状态问卷的疲惫－惰性及困惑－迷茫的分数高于对照组,差异有显著性（Ｆ＝４．７８,６．９７,Ｐ〈０．０５）,接触组数字跨度测试的倒序,手提转捷度,数字译码,目标追踪的正确打点数和总     

关于社区卫生服务人力资源开发的思考与探讨

基于北京市朝阳区大力发展社区卫生服务３年多的实践,就发展社区卫生服务的关键所在－人力资源开发,在配置卫生资源,实施全科医学培训工程,制定相应政策保障,充分展示社区卫生服务功能等方面的现状及其对策进行了充分的论述和有益的探讨。     

胃粘膜内pH值测定在危重病人中的预警价值

目的 :观察在危重病患者中反映组织水平氧代谢的胃粘膜内 p Hi,与反映全身氧代谢的指标间的关系以及胃粘膜内p Hi的预警价值。方法 :用胃张力计测定危重病患者入科即刻及治疗 2 4h后胃粘膜内 p Hi,并测定 p Ha ,Pa O2 / Fi O2 ,行 APACHE 评分。结果 :死亡组入科即刻 p Hi( 7.13 3± 0 .3 74)较存活组 ( 7.3 89± 0 .0 62 )显著降低 ( P<0 .0 1) ,治疗 2 4小时后胃粘膜内 p Hi死亡组( 6.911± 0 .496)较存活组 ( 7.43 4± 0 .0 5 1)降低更显著 ( P<0 .0 0 1) ;入科即刻 p Hi≤ 7.3 2的患者病死率为 75 .0 %,治疗 2 4h后胃粘膜内 p Hi≤ 7.3 2的患者病死率为 88.9%。结论 :作为局部组织氧合指标的 p Hi在常规的全身氧代谢指标未改变之前就发生了明显的变化 ;p Hi的降低与病死率有明显的相关性。     

对我国卫生资源配置和使用几个深层次问题的思索

我国卫生资源既贫稼又浪费已成为内人士的共识,但又是一个我国卫生事业发展的实际而又紧迫的问题,这个问题不好,就会人为地降低我国卫生事业的公益性和福利性的“含金量”。作者认为,要使我国有限的卫生资源能充分而合理地使用好,就要立足于我国的基本国情,在确保市场的微观调节的前提下,必须运用政府的宏观调控行为和政策指导手段,尽可能为管理体制的改革扫除障碍和给予法制上的保障。     

医学模式的转变促进健康观念的更新

健康是人类追求的永恒目标。随着社会的发展,生物医学模式向生物心理社会医学模式转变,“没有疾病就是健康”的观念已过于陈腐,人们对健康的理解已从“没有疾病”发展到包括生理、心理、社会的完满状态,健康的涵义更为深化,健康观念得到更新。     

银川市育智学校47例弱智儿童病因调查及智能测试结果分析

目的 对４７例弱智儿童病因调查及智能测试。方法 采用韦氏智力测验、绘人试验及婴儿一初中生社会生活能力量表三项测试。并对家长进行病史询问。结果 围产期保健工作质量不高是造成儿童智残的重要因素,韦氏智测与绘人试验结果一致;调查儿童中有７８．７％社会适应能力低下。结论 加强围产期保健工作对提高人口质量至关重要;特殊教育是精神发育迟滞儿童最重要的治疗措施。     

COVID-19 in people with neurofibromatosis 1, neurofibromatosis 2, or schwannomatosis

PurposePeople with pre-existing conditions may be more susceptible to severe COVID-19 when infected by SARS-CoV-2. The relative risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with rare diseases such as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), or schwannomatosis (SWN) is unknown.MethodsWe investigated the proportions of people with NF1, NF2, or SWN in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) electronic health record data set who had a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19.ResultsThe cohort sizes in N3C were 2501 (NF1), 665 (NF2), and 762 (SWN). We compared these with N3C cohorts of patients with other rare diseases (98-9844 individuals) and the general non-NF population of 5.6 million. The site- and age-adjusted proportion of people with NF1, NF2, or SWN who had a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 (collectively termed positive cases) was not significantly higher than in individuals without NF or other selected rare diseases. There were no severe outcomes reported in the NF2 or SWN cohorts. The proportion of patients experiencing severe outcomes was no greater for people with NF1 than in cohorts with other rare diseases or the general population.ConclusionHaving NF1, NF2, or SWN does not appear to increase the risk of being SARS-CoV-2 positive or of being a patient with COVID-19 or of developing severe complications from SARS-CoV-2.     

Committing to genomic answers for all kids: Evaluating inequity in genomic research enrollment

PurposePersistent inequities in genomic medicine and research contribute to health disparities. This analysis uses a context-specific and equity-focused strategy to evaluate enrollment patterns for Genomic Answers for Kids (GA4K), a large, metropolitan-wide genomic study on children.MethodsElectronic health records for 2247 GA4K study participants were used to evaluate the distribution of individuals by demographics (race, ethnicity, and payor type) and location (residential address). Addresses were geocoded to produce point density and 3-digit zip code maps showing local and regional enrollment patterns. Health system reports and census data were used to compare participant characteristics with reference populations at different spatial scales.ResultsRacial and ethnic minoritized and populations with low-income were underrepresented in the GA4K study cohort. Geographic variation demonstrates inequity in enrollment and participation among children from historically segregated and socially disadvantaged communities.ConclusionOur findings illustrate inequity in enrollment related to both GA4K study design and structural inequalities, which we suspect may exist for similar US-based studies. Our methods provide a scalable framework for continually evaluating and improving study design to ensure equitable participation in and benefits from genomic research and medicine. The use of high-resolution, place-based data represents a novel and practical means of identifying and characterizing inequities and targeting community engagement.