The popularization and application of cold storage red blood cells or whole blood at −80 °C of the Rh(D) negative patients in surgical operation

Summary The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at −80 °C used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at −80 °C for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K⁺, Na⁺, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K⁺ and blood Na⁺ was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at −80 °C could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation. YU Zhongqing, male, born in 1957, Technician in Charge     

选择性括约肌切断术治疗脊髓损伤性膀胱尿道功能障碍

行经尿道选择性括约肌切断术２０例，采用膀胱尿道造影尿流动力学同步检查，定位诊断和选择切断。术前间歇导尿控制尿路感染，术后辅以正确手法排尿。２０例术后随访１２～２５个月。剩余尿量降至３０ｍｌ以下，尿路感染控制，中段尿培养阳性率降至１７．６％；ＢＵＮ正常；１１例肾盂输尿管扩张，积水改善；７例有膀胱输尿管返流者中，４例基本恢复，３例明显减轻；最大尿道闭合压平均下降６．３１ｋＰａ；功能性尿道长度平均缩短１．８９ｃｍ；１１例尿失禁得到控制，６例无明显变化，３例加重。     

原子荧光法测定氯化氨基汞软膏中汞含量

目的建立氯化氨基汞软膏中汞的含量测定方法。方法利用HCIO4-HNO，湿法消解，对氯化氨基汞软膏中汞进行原子荧光测定。结果汞线性范围是1．0000～8．0000μg／L，r=0．9995，平均加样回收率为98．17％，RSD=0．2％（n=9）。结论所用方法简单、结果准确、灵敏度高，可有效控制氯化氨基汞软膏的质量。     

马来西亚寒邪致病及其证治初探

根据第一作者在马来西亚从事中医临床工作50余年的经验,以中医理论为指导,探讨了在炎热的马来西亚,寒邪致病的可能性、客观性以及寒邪致病的病因、病机、临床表现特征及其治疗方法。     

断指冷冻伤后再植的临床经验

目的 探讨断指冷冻伤后再植术前的复温方式及术后注意事项。方法 对在低温环境下丢弃或保存不当而致指体冷冻伤的9例11指，采取自然复温(22～28℃)和温盐水复温(38～42℃)。对冷冻指体复温后，行再植手术。结果 再植术后完全存活6例，部分成活3例。结论 ①温盐水复温方式值得推荐；②指体冷冻伤不应一概列为断指再植禁忌证；③术后积极处理各种并发症是提高断指再植成活率的重要保证。     

针刺大椎穴对感冒高热患者临床症状的综合评价

目的：探讨治疗感冒高热及其-临床相关症状的有效针灸疗法。方法：按照随机化和多中心-临床试验原则，将列入统计病例276例随机分为治疗组（138例）和对照组（138例），治疗组采用电针大椎穴，治疗组采用安痛定注射液，观察24小时的即时退热效果及临床疗效。结果：治疗组治疗后各时点体温均低于对照组（P〈0．01）；治疗组治疗后相关症状积分在3～24h低于对照组（19〈0．05）；治疗组起效时间（1．42±1．79）h较对照组（3．44±5．10）h短（19〈0．01）。治疗组恶寒、肢体酸痛、头痛、汗出的起效时间较对照组短（P〈0．01）；治疗组恶寒、头痛的痊愈时间较对照组短（P〈0．05）。两组患者24小时综合疗效间差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：针刺大椎穴治疗感冒高热疗效确切，能够明显改善恶寒、肢体酸痛、头痛、汗出等症状，提高治疗感冒的综合疗效。     

寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤的早期处理

目的　探讨寒冷干燥地区平时火器伤伤情特点与早期救治方法。方法　对 1991年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 12月间 40例火器伤病人的临床救治进行回顾分析。结果　 2 4例枪伤中 ,2 0例一期缝合伤口 ,均一期愈合 ,另外 4例只清创未一期缝合的伤口 ,3例愈合 ,1例感染 ;4例骨折内固定均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。 16例炸伤病人局部软组织损伤及污染比枪弹伤重 ,14例一期缝合伤口中 ,10例一期愈合 ,4例感染 ,骨折内固定 2例 ,均愈合良好 ,无骨髓炎发生。结论　寒冷干燥地区火器伤早期伤道清创时限可适当延长 ,在平时火器伤的救治中 ,对软组织条件较好的创面 ,早期清创后可一期闭合伤口和骨折内固定 ,这样可减少感染和伤残 ,促进康复     

Complete sequence of the RNA genome of human rhinovirus 16, a clinically useful common cold virus belonging to the ICAM-1 receptor group

We report here the complete nucleotide sequence and predicted polyprotein sequence of HeLa cell-adapted human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16). This virus is more suitable than human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14) for clinical studies, and its growth and physical properties are favorable for biochemical and crystallographic analysis. The complete message-sense RNA genome of HRV16 is composed of 7124 bases, not including the poly(A) tail. An open reading frame, extending from base 626 to 7084 predicts a polyprotein containing 2152 amino acid residues. Comparison with other rhinovirus sequences shows HRV16 is much more representative of human rhinoviruses than HRV14. No apparent relationship was found between receptor group and amino acid sequence in VP1, the capsid protein bearing the binding site for the intercullular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in both HRV14 and HRV16.Genbank accession number: L24917.     

Clonality of cold agglutinins in patients with hemolytic anemia: an analysis by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) was used to analyse plasma samples and partially purified cold agglutinins (CA) obtained from two selected patients. Both presented an acute hemolytic anemia with CA of high thermal amplitude, normal immunoglobulin levels, no detectable paraproteinemia, and no clinical evidence of a malignant B-cell disorder. The electrophoretograms of their plasma showed evident alternations of the "normal" protein profile, which were directly related to hemolysis (absence of the spots of haptoglobin and in one case of those of hemopexin), but no monoclonal gammopathy. The electrophoretograms of their purified CA revealed two clearly different spot patterns respectively corresponding to a monoclonal IgM and to polyclonal IgM. These results show that the clonality of CA associated with hemolytic anemia can be easily determined by 2-DGE. This technique may be very useful to discriminate chronic cold agglutinin disease in the early phase from "parainfectious" CA.     

GABA and its neural regulation in rat brown adipose tissue

Summary By using a radioreceptor assay GABA was detectable in rat interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), the levels being 1% those of CNS and 10-fold those of peripheral plasma. Injection of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor 3-mercaptopropionic acid lowered IBAT GABA levels by about half while injection of the GABA transaminase inhibitor -acetylenic GABA increased them by 230%. Rats kept at 4C for 14 days exhibited IBAT GABA levels that were about half those found at 22C. Accumulation of IBAT GABA after -acetylenic GABA increased by 2-fold in cold-exposed rats. Sympathetic denervation of IBAT prevented the effect of the cold environment on GABA content and impaired that on GABA accumulation. GAD activity was detectable in IBAT homogenates and isolated brown adipocytes. Exposure of rats to cold increased V_max of GAD without modifying its Km, regardless of intactness of innervation. In binding studies with³H-GABA as a ligand, two types of sites were uncovered of K_D=14 and 146 nM, respectively. In the presence of 2.5 mM Ca²⁺ bicuculline and baclofen were 57 and 46% as effective as GABA to displace³H-GABA from IBAT binding sites. The results indicate existence, possible synthesis and type A and B receptors of GABA in rat IBAT.