慢性肺原性心脏病病人血浆内皮素及降钙素基因相关肽水平的检测

目的：对不同临床分期慢性肺原性心及病病人血浆内皮素－1（ET－1）及降钙基因相关肽（CGRP）进行检测,方法：采用放射免疫法对标本进行测定,以呼吸系统急性感染病人的作为对照。结果：代偿期肺原性心脏病病人血浆ET－1水平显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,而CGRP水平无差异,失代偿期病人ET－1水平显著高于代偿期病人（P＜0．05）,CGRP水平无差异,失代偿期病人ET－1水平显著高于代谢期病人（P＜0．05）,CGRP水平则显著低于代偿期病人（P＜0．01）,结论：ET－1及CGRP在慢性阻塞性疾病的发生和发展过程中起一定作用。且与疾病的严重程度相关。     

Hematogenous metastases of the human brain – Characteristics of peritumoral brain changes: A review

The brain is an important site of hematogenous metastases from malignanttumors in other organs. The effects on the brain is a combination of tissuedestruction induced by invading tumor cells and reactive alterationsoccurring around the metastases. This review focuses on neuropathologicalchanges around hematogenous metastases of the human brain. The peritumoralbrain parenchyma shows structural and functional changes of theintracerebral microvessels and edema. The endothelial cells of peritumoralmicrovessels express glucose transporter protein (GLUT 1) in the same way asthe normal brain. Reduction in immunostaining to GLUT 1 may occur in themicrovessels located within the metastases. This would indicateabnormalities of the blood-brain barrier in tumor vessels but normal barrierfunction in the peritumoral region. Reactive astrocytes and activatedmicroglial cells are both involved in the process of peritumoral gliosis.Activated glial cells produce numerous biological active compounds includingendothelin-1 which after release from such cells can influence the structureand function of the peritumoral brain tissue. Lesions of oligodendrocytesand edema may be implicated in myelin degeneration. Finally, metastases willinduce axonal and neuronal injuries as indicated by a recent study onexpression of -amyloid precursor protein (APP) in reactive axonalswellings.     

Influence of ETR-p1/f1 antisense peptide on endothelin-induced constriction in rat renal arcuate arteries

1. This study set out to examine the endothelin receptor subtypes mediating vasoconstriction in the rat renal arcuate artery. This was done in isolated vessels 120–200 μm in diameter, incubated with a selective agonist and the novel ‘antisense'' peptide to part of the human endothelin_A receptor.
2. Groups of vessels (n=6) were incubated with increasing concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1), from 1 to 100 nM, which caused a 65% maximal contraction at the highest dose with an pEC₅₀ of 8.16±0.11 M. By contrast, in six other vessels sarafotoxin 6c over the same dose range gave a minimal contraction (around 5% of maximum).
3. Preincubation of six vessels with the antisense peptide ETR p₁/f1 at 1 μM had no effect on the ET-1 induced vasoconstriction, in terms of displacement of the concentration-response curve or the maximal tension achieved by the agonist. In the six vessels exposed to 4 μM ETR p₁/f1, there was a significant shift of the concentration-response curve and a lower pEC₅₀ at 7.78±0.09 M (P<0.05). At the highest concentrations of ETR p₁/f1, there was a marked suppression of all responses to ET-1, which at the maximal concentrations tested, 0.1 μM, only reached some 10% of the maximal achievable contraction.
4. Increasing ET-1 concentrations up to 2 μM in vessels incubated with 40 μM ETR-p₁/f1 showed that the blockade could be overcome and that the relationship was shifted to the right (P<0.001) by approximately one log unit with a pEC₅₀ of 7.13±0.11 M. A Schild plot of the data indicated the antagonist to be acting competitively at a single population of receptors.
5. At the highest concentrations tested, 40 μM, ETR-p₁/f1 had no effect on noradrenaline-induced contractions, indicating a lack of non-specific actions.
6. Together, these data suggest that at the rat renal arcuate artery the endothelin_A receptor is the predominant functional receptor mediating contraction. Furthermore, this study has shown the potential usefulness of this novel type of ‘antisense'' peptide in blocking receptor activation.

     

急性脊髓损伤后大鼠血浆和脊髓组织内皮素及电解质含量变化

测定急性脊髓损伤（ＳＣＩ）后大鼠血浆和脊髓组织中内皮素（ＥＴ）及电解质含量,了解其变化规律, 探讨其作用机制。方法：用放免法测定不同程度脊髓损伤后１ｈ,４ｈ,８ｈ,２４ｈ血浆和脊髓组织内皮素含量,并测定 相应脊髓组织钠、钾、钙离子含量和含水量。结果：损伤１ｈ,４ｈ,８ｈ血浆内皮素含量比对照组高（Ｐ＜０．００５）,２４ｈ与 对照组比较差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。脊髓组织内皮素含量实验组均较对照组高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,同一时间不同程度损 伤组比较,重度损伤组均较中度损伤组高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。脊髓组织中钠、钾、钙离子含量及含水量与组织内皮素含量 变化趋势一致。结论：急性脊髓损伤后脊髓组织内皮素含量升高,且与损伤程度有关,组织内皮素含量升高可导致组织水肿,钙、钠离子内流及钾离子外流而加重损伤。     

Effect of astragalus on the endothelin in rats with acute lung injury

Ｔｈｅｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓｏｆａｃｕｔｅｌｕｎｇｉｎｊｕｒｙｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｓｔｈｅｌｕｎｇｅｄｅｍａａｎｄｌｕｎｇｍｉ－ｃｒｏａｔｅｌｅｃｔａｓｉｓｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｄａｍａｇｅｏｆａｌｖｅｏｌａｒ－ｃａｐｉｌｌａｒｙｂａｒｒｉｅｒ．Ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｓｅｖｅｒｅａ－ｃｕｔｅｌｕｎｇｉｎｊｕｒｙｃｏｕｌｄｂｅｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔｅｄｂｙｒｅｓ－ｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙｄｉｓｔｒｅｓｓａｎｄｒｅｆｒａｃｔｏｒｙｈｙｐｏｘｉａ,ｏｒｓｏ－ｃａｌｌｅｄａｃｕｔｅｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙｄｉｓ…     

脑梗死血浆内皮素含量与临床意义分析

目的：动态观测急性脑梗死患者血浆内皮素含量变化,以探讨脑梗死与内皮素含量的关系。方法：用放射免疫法对４２例脑梗死患者血浆内皮素含量进行测定及分析比较。结果：发现脑梗死患者一周内血浆内皮素浓度明显增高,３周后下降,且大面积梗死者高于一般梗死,伴有高血压或糖尿病者高于单纯梗死者。结论：内皮素含量可间接反映病情及预后,故对脑梗死及早应用钙通道阻滞剂及内皮素抗体,益于病情恢复。     

Studies on plasma endothelin changes in varicocele patients

Aim: To investigate the possible role endothelin may play in the pathogenesis of varicocele and varicocele-induced infer-tility. Methods: In varicocele patients, radioimmunoassay is used to determine the blood endothelin concentration inthe spermatic vein and the antecubital vein separately. Results: The blood endothelin concentration of the spermaticvein (66.8±23.5 pg/mL) was significantly higher (P <0.05) than that of the antecubital vein (55.3±25.3 pg/mL).The endothelin concentration in the spermatic vein in Grade Ⅱ varicocele patients was not significantly different from thatin Grade Ⅲ patients ( P = 0.87). Conclusion: The higher blood endothelin level in the spermatic vein may indicate theinvolvement of endothelin in the pathophysiology of varicocele and varicocele-induced infertility. (Asian J Androl 1999Sep ; 1: 159 - 160)     

可乐定对脑缺血大鼠单胺类神经递质和内皮素的影响

目的：探讨可乐定能否缓解脑缺血大鼠单胺类神经递质和内皮素水平的紊乱。方法：大鼠ｉｐ苯巴比妥３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ麻醉,结扎双侧锁骨下动脉及颈总动脉致全脑缺血,采用荧光法及放免法测定单胺类神经递质和内皮素水平。结果：大鼠缺血３０ｍｉｎ再灌６０ｍｉｎ,与假手术组相比,缺血组脑中去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）,５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）水平明显减少４２％及２４％,但ＤＡ水平明显上升３３％,同时,脑与血浆中内皮素水平分别升高９     

间质性肺疾病支气管肺泡灌洗液中内皮素的检测及其意义

目的　探讨内皮素 ( ET)在间质性肺疾病 ( ILD)发生发展中的作用及其诊断价值。方法　利用放射免疫直接测定法 ,检测 1 0例肺结节病和 8例特发性肺纤维化 ( IPF)患者外周血和支气管肺泡灌洗液 ( BALF)中内皮素的含量 ,并与 8例健康非吸烟者对照。结果　肺结节病和 IPF患者血浆和 BAL F中 ET的含量分别为 62 .1 4± 2 9.2 2 ng/L ,1 7.4 0± 2 .4 1 ng/L和 76.92± 71 .90 ng/L,1 0 .4 0± 3.1 3ng/L,均明显高于正常对照组 ( 2 0 .0 8± 8.37ng/L 和 4 .0 4± 0 .5 5 ng/L) ,P <0 .0 1 ;研究组 BALF中 ET与 Pa O2 呈负相关 ( r=- 0 .5 38,P<0 .0 1 ) ,与细胞总数呈正相关 ( r =0 .64 9,P <0 .0 1 )。其中结节病和 IPF的 BAL F中 ET水平分别与淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞呈明显正相关 ( r =0 .71 2 ,P <0 .0 1 ;r =0 .81 3,P <0 .0 1 )。结论　 ET在肺结节病和 IPF发生发展中起重要作用 ,并可做为判断疾病活动性的一项参考指标。     

No effect of a Taql polymorphism in DNA at the endothelin I (EDN1) locus on normal blood pressure level or variability

Endothelin is a peptide reported to be one of the most potent vasoconstrictors known. Presumably, endothelin could play a role in the physiological regulation of blood pressure in healthy or hypertensive people. We have studied a normal restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) at the endothelin-I (EDN1) locus detected with the restriction enzyme TaqI. In three different series comprising 166, 120 and 207 unrelated individuals, we found no evidence for association between genotype in this polymorphism and level of systolic or diastolic blood pressure. In two series of 156 and 117 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs, respectively, there was no difference between genotypes in within-pair variation in systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Thus neither "level gene" nor "variability gene" effects of normal genes at the EDN1 locus could be detected with the polymorphism analyzed, in healthy population samples.