Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统生物学安全性评价研究

依据国家标准GB/T16175-1996,选择10项试验对Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统进行生物学安全性评价[1],结果表明该支架系统的血液相容性良好,无全身毒性和细胞毒性,无热源性、致敏性、刺激性,也无遗传毒性,组织相容性尚可,是一种生物相容性优良的Firebird冠脉涂膜支架系统.     

非甾体抗炎药与皮质类固醇抑制角膜上皮细胞增殖的实验研究

目的 探讨非甾体抗炎药对角膜上皮细胞体外增殖的抑制作用。方法 选用原代及传代兔角膜上皮细胞，实验组中加入含不同浓度双氯芬酸钠、安贺拉(酮咯酸氨丁三醇)、地塞米松及洁霉素的培养液，对照组加入等量空白培养液，采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测其对细胞增殖的抑制，计算出抑制率并进行比较。结果 双氯芬酸钠、安贺拉(酮咯酸氨丁三醇)、地塞米松及洁霉素对角膜上皮细胞增殖均有抑制作用。双氯芬酸钠与安贺拉3个对应浓度的比较中，24h时双氯芬酸钠抑制率分别为61．4％、42．1％及0，安贺拉组均为0；48h时双氯芬酸钠抑制率分别为81．0％、70．2％、47．6％，安贺拉抑制率分别为38．1％、31．0％和0；72h时双氯芬酸钠抑制率分别为95．0％、95．0％、54．0％，安贺拉抑制率分别为59．1％、47．2％和33．2％．在双氯芬酸钠与地塞米松及洁霉素的原液浓度比较中，24、48、72h时双氯芬酸钠抑制率分别为93．0％、94．0％、96．0％，洁霉素为24．6％、51．2％、79．1％，地塞米松为45．6％、69．0％、80．0％．在双氯芬酸钠与地塞米松及洁霉素的二分之一原液浓度比较中，24、48、72h时双氯芬酸钠抑制率分别为68．4％、91．7％、95．0％，洁霉素为12．3％、26．2％、49．0％，地塞米松为12．3％、54．6％、55．0％．结论 非甾体抗炎药双氯芬酸钠与安贺拉对角膜上皮细胞增殖均有抑制作用，以双氯芬酸钠抑制作用最强，强于传统抗增殖药地塞米松，在抑制LASIK术后上皮植入方面有广泛的应用前景。     

达那康对视网膜脱离术后视功能恢复的干预效果

目的　探讨银杏叶提取物 (达那康 )对视网膜脱离术后视网膜功能改变的干预效果。方法　采用前瞻随机对照研究的方法将 5 0例 ( 5 0眼 )视网膜脱离患者分为达那康用药组和对照组。应用视网膜电流图和光学相干断层扫描观察术后第 1、2、4和第 8周视网膜功能和形态的改变。结果　视网膜脱离术前对照组和用药组的年龄、性别和视网膜脱离病程均具有可比性。与术后第 1周的ERGb波相比较 ,用药组第 2周ERGb即有显著的改变 ,而对照组在第 8周ERGb波才有显著的改变。OCT检查黄斑部视网膜厚度的改变用药组在术后第 4周才有显著的改变 ,而对照组在术后第8周才有显著的改变。结论　达那康可能在一定程度上促进视网膜脱离术后视功能的恢复。     

哮喘药物治疗新进展

哮喘药物有吸入性糖皮质激素类、长效β2受体激动剂、复合型吸入剂、茶碱缓(控)释剂、新型抗胆碱药物、白三烯调节剂等,新型抗哮喘药物临床使用具有疗效好、不良反应少的特点.现就近年来临床使用的各类平喘新药的特点及应用进行综述.     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中甲磺酸帕珠沙星浓度

目的建立人血浆中甲磺酸帕珠沙星(PZX)浓度的测定方法。方法采用蛋白沉淀法处理血样,以高效液相色谱法测定。流动相乙腈-0.05mol·L-1KH2PO4(20∶80,v/v);检测波长245nm;流速1.0ml·min-1。结果线性范围0.1～15.0μg·ml-1(r=0.9999),平均提取回收率为98.6%,日内、日间RSD均<8.47%。结论本法测定人血浆中PZX浓度简便快捷,灵敏度高,重复性好,适用于人体药动学研究。     

前列地尔脂微球载体制剂治疗老年不稳定性心绞痛临床观察

目的 观察前列地尔脂微球载体制剂(凯时)治疗老年不稳定性心绞痛(UA)的效果。方法 103例住院患者均 为男性,分为治疗组(凯时)64例和对照组(常规药物)39例。进行临床和实验室对比研究。结果 治疗组临床显效55例 (85.9％),有效6例(9.3％),无效3例(4.7％),总有效率95.3％。对照组39例,临床显效11例(28.2％),有效15例 (38.5％),无效13例(33.3％),总有效率66.7％。两组比较,有显著差异(P<0.001)。同时,血液流变学综合指标检查,治 疗组改善率93.7％(60/64)。对照组改善率79.4％(31/39)。治疗组与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论 前列地 尔对老年UA具有明显的治疗效果。     

蛋白质芯片技术的分类、研究与应用进展

随着人类基因组测序的完成，研究不同细胞或组织表达的全部蛋白质数据库的构建与细胞在不同状态的蛋白质表达差异已成为研究热点，标志着蛋白质组学1日寸代的到来。蛋白质芯片技术的出现为我们提供了一种比传统的凝胶电泳、Westem blot和ELISA更为方便和快速的研究蛋白质的方法。本文主要从蛋白质芯片技术的分类、研究与应用进展方面做一简要综述。     

Estimating numbers of injecting drug users in metropolitan areas for structural analyses of community vulnerability and for assessing relative degrees of service provision for injecting drug users

This article estimates the population prevalence of current injection drug users (IDUs) in 96 large US metropolitan areas to facilitate structural analyses of its predictors and sequelae and assesses the extent to which drug abuse treatment and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing are made available to drug injectors in each metropolitan area. We estimated the total number of current IDUs in the United States and then allocated the large metropolitan area total among large metropolitan areas using four different multiplier methods. Mean values were used as best estimates, and their validity and limitations were assessed. Prevalence of drug injectors per 10,000 population varied from 19 to 173 (median 60; interquartile range 42–87). Proportions of drug injectors in treatment varied from 1.0% to 39.3% (median 8.6%); and the ratio of HIV counseling and testing events to the estimated number of IDUs varied from 0.013 to 0.285 (median 0.082). Despite limitations in the accuracy of these estimates, they can be used for structural analyses of the correlates and predictors of the population density of drug injectors in metropolitan areas and for assessing the extent of service delivery to drug injectors. Although service provision levels varied considerably, few if any metropolitan areas seemed to be providing adequate levels of services.     

The effect of cystectomy, and perioperative methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy on the risk and pattern of relapse in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer

PURPOSE: Trials have demonstrated decreased relapse with perioperative methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (M-VAC) chemotherapy in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. We evaluated whether the benefit of chemotherapy correlates with its effects on distant or pelvic relapse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the records of all 107 patients who underwent cystectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer at our institution between 1988 and 1994. Factors predicting relapse were identified and used to group patients at high or low risk. The outcome in each group with and without M-VAC chemotherapy was then analyzed in terms of overall, metastatic and pelvic relapse. Univariate analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log rank statistic, and multivariate analysis was done using the Cox proportional hazards model. Median survival was 29 months for patients free of disease. RESULTS: Pathological stage T3 or greater according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, tumor greater than 3 cm. and creatinine greater than 1.5-fold normal were independent poor prognostic factors in patients treated with cystectomy only. Patients with any of these factors or metastatic involvement of the pelvic lymph nodes were considered at high risk. All 35 low risk patients were treated with cystectomy only and had an excellent outcome with a 3-year relapse-free survival plus or minus standard error of 93% +/- 5%. The 3-year rates in 52 and 20 high risk patients treated without and with chemotherapy, respectively, were 42% +/- 8% versus 57% +/- 13% for relapse-free survival (p = 0.17), 38% +/- 9% versus 8% +/- 8% for pelvic failure (p = 0.02) and 39% +/- 9% versus 38% +/- 13% for distant metastases (not significant). Multivariate analysis of patients who underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy revealed that perioperative chemotherapy improved relapse-free survival and pelvic control but not metastatic control (p = 0.03, 0.02 and 0.31, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Low risk patients have excellent disease control when treated with cystectomy only. Those with high risk features are at substantial risk for pelvic failure (38% at 3 years) after cystectomy only. Perioperative M-VAC chemotherapy has a profound impact on pelvic but not on metastatic failure.