方法:采用Keratograph测量包括首次泪膜破裂时间(the first tear film break-up time, BUT-f)和平均泪膜破裂时间(the average tear film break-up time, BUT-ave)在内的非侵入式泪膜破裂时间(noninvasive tear film break-up time, NI_BUT)结果。测量结果的重复性使用变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)和组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient,ICC)进行评价, NI-BUT与传统的荧光素泪膜破裂时间(fluorescein tear film break-up time, FBUT)的比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验,确定NI-BUT与FBUT,Schirmer Ⅰ试验结果的相关关系,采用Bland-Altman分析进行一致性评价。
结果:本研究纳入了48个受检者(48眼),平均年龄38.7±15.2岁。BUT-f的CV和ICC分别为12.6%和0.95,BUT-ave的为9.8%和0.96。BUT-f值低于FBUT值,差异有统计学意义(6.16±2.46s vs 7.46±1.92s, P < 0.01)。NI-BUT与FBUT,Schirmer Ⅰ试验结果之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。BUT-f与FBUT的95%一致性界限(limits of agreement, LoA)范围为4.46s,BUT-ave与FBUT的LoA范围为3.64s。
AIM: To determine the role of subjective assessment using McMonnies dry eye questionnaire in diagnosing dry eye disease and its association with clinical tests.
METHODS: There were 500 patients screened for dry eye using McMonnies dry eye questionnaire between May to October 2013 at the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a medical college hospital. All 500 patients were subjected to clinical tests. Dry eye was defined as having one or more symptoms often or all the time. Positive signs were if one or both eyes revealed tear film breakup time (TBUT) of ≤10s, a Schirmer test score of ≤10 mm, a Rose Bengal staining score of ≥1, a Lissamine green staining score of ≥1 or existence of meibomian gland disease (≥grade 1). Statistical analysis was performed to describe the distribution of symptoms and signs, to assess the correlations between McMonnies score (MS) and variable clinical signs of dry eye, and to explore the association between dry eye symptoms and variable clinical signs. Analysis was performed using software package Epi info. A Probability (P) value using Chi-square test of <0.005 was taken as significant.
RESULTS: Dry eye prevalence with symptoms (questionnaire), Schirmer test, TBUT, Rose Bengal staining and Lissamine green staining was 25.6%, 15.20%, 20.80%, 23.60%, and 22.60% respectively. Among those with severe symptoms (MS>20), 75.86% had a low TBUT (<10s), 58.62% had a low Schirmer’s I test (≤10 mm), 86.20% had Rose Bengal staining score of ≥1, 79.31% had Lissamine green staining score of ≥1. We found statistically significant associations between positive Schirmer test and arthritis (P<0.002), dryness elsewhere (P<0.001), contact lens use (P<0.002), systemic medication (P<0.0001), sleeping with eyes partly open (P<0.002), history of dry eyes treatment (P<0.0001), environmental factors (P<0.001), swimming (P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Subjective assessment plays an important role in diagnosing dry eye disease. There is strong correlation between MS and Schirmer test, TBUT, Rose Bengal staining and Lissamine green staining in normal as well as marginal and pathological dry eye. 相似文献