乳腺癌99mTc-MIBI影像与P-糖蛋白表达的相关性

为了探讨活体乳腺恶性肿瘤对99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异腈(99mTc-MIBI)的摄取和肿瘤细胞P-糖蛋白(P-glyco-protein,P-gp)表达间的关系。2003年10月~2005年12月对40例未经治疗的乳腺癌患者进行99mTc-MIBI早期(10min)与延迟(120min)平面显像,计算其外排率(WOR)。显像后1周内进行手术治疗或化疗,术后应用免疫组化方法检测肿瘤标本P-gp表达,结果进行统计学计算。结果:WOR在P-gp阳性者为(12.8±8.2)%,高于P-gp阴性者(1.2±6.2)%,差异有统计学意义,t=3.42,P=0.01;WOR与肿瘤大小成正相关。初步研究结果显示,乳腺恶性肿瘤对99mTc-MIBI的摄取与P-gp表达呈明显负相关,即肿瘤细胞高度表达P-gp时,99mTc-MIBI摄取较低,99mTc-MIBI显像和肿瘤细胞P-gp表达相关性好,可成为体内无创检测肿瘤组织P-gp表达及耐药性的重要手段。     

In vivo detection of single cells by MRI.

The use of high-relaxivity, intracellular contrast agents has enabled MRI monitoring of cell migration through and homing to various tissues, such as brain, spinal cord, heart, and muscle. Here it is shown that MRI can detect single cells in vivo, homing to tissue, following cell labeling and transplantation. Primary mouse hepatocytes were double-labeled with green fluorescent 1.63-microm iron oxide particles and red fluorescent endosomal labeling dye, and injected into the spleens of recipient mice. This is a common hepatocyte transplantation paradigm in rodents whereby hepatocytes migrate from the spleen to the liver as single cells. One month later the animals underwent in vivo MRI and punctuated, dark contrast regions were detected scattered through the livers. MRI of perfused, fixed samples and labeled hepatocyte phantoms in combination with histological evaluation confirmed the presence of dispersed single hepatocytes grafted into the livers. Appropriate controls were used to determine whether the observed contrast could have been due to dead cells or free particles, and the results confirmed that the contrast was due to disperse, single cells. Detecting single cells in vivo opens the door to a number of experiments, such as monitoring rare cellular events, assessing the kinetics of stem cell homing, and achieving early detection of metastases.     

原位杂交与免疫组化技术在HPV检测中的应用

目的：对两种HPV检测技术DNA原位杂交和免疫组化染色方法进行对比观察。方法：选取本院外阴尖锐湿疣病例95例，组织经固定、脱水、石蜡包埋、切片，分别采用原位杂交和免疫组化技术进行检测。结果：HPV—DNA阳性率为94．7％(90／95)，阳性反应由鳞状上皮表层的空泡细胞核内延伸至棘层中下部近基底层的细胞核内；HPV—Ag阳性率为63．1％(60／95)，阳性反应主要位于鳞状上皮表层的空泡细胞核内及角质层内。个别阳性细胞可在棘层出现。结论：原位杂交技术在敏感度、阳性率及阳性强度、背景染色等方面均优于免疫组化方法，为尖锐湿疣的确诊及临床治疗提供更准确、可靠的依据。     

球后溃疡的X线诊断体会

目的 :探讨球后溃疡的 X线诊断。方法 :对 34例球后溃疡的 X线表现作出分析。结果 :经过 34例比较典型的球后溃疡的 X线诊断 ,体会到在进行气钡双重造影时 ,适当的体位能较好地显示病灶部位。而龛影和局部肠管狭窄为球后溃疡的主要X线表现 ,另外还表现为黏膜改变和局部激惹     

结肠CT扫描技术初探

目的 :通过分析比较结肠扫描不同充填剂与不同体位的方法 ,探讨出最佳充填剂与最佳体位以提高结肠 CT扫描质量。方法 :分别对 4 0例结肠 CT扫描病人采用不同的充填剂 ,与不同的体位 ,评价不同的充填剂与不同体位的优缺点。结果 :水作为充填剂组病灶显示情况明显优于泛影萄胺组且伪影少 ,选择不同体位组图像质量也明显优于常规体位组。结论 :结肠 CT扫描时应首选水作为充填剂 ,根据病变不同选择不同的体位 ,有利于图像质量的提高     

特异性COX-2抑制剂保护骨关节炎软骨的临床观察

目的探讨特异性COX-2抑制剂对骨关节炎的关节软骨保护作用的临床研究。方法门诊选取膝关节骨关节炎患者80例,随机分为特异性COX-2抑制剂组和维骨力对照组,各40例,单盲给药。应用平均Womac关节炎指数评分和平均OA严重程度指数评定两组用药前后临床症状改善情况及使用血清软骨代谢标志物蛋白聚糖与型胶原和关节MRI进行检测关节软骨结构与功能的改变情况,并作统计学分析。结果经12个月治疗观察,特异性COX-2抑制剂组的平均Womac关节炎指数评分和平均OA严重程度指数在前3个月改善明显优于维骨力对照组(P<0.01),但在治疗12个月后,两组差异不显著(P>0.05);治疗12个月后特异性COX-2抑制剂组的软骨代谢指标蛋白聚糖和型胶原及关节MRI均显示组内变化显著(P<0.01),而与维骨力组对比结果无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论特异性COX-2抑制剂对骨关节炎的软骨有保护和促进修复作用,兼有抗炎与保护软骨双重疗效,它是一类既能改善关节炎症状又能改善关节软骨结构的药物,值得临床广泛应用。同时本研究为其在临床应用和进一步研究此类药物提供了更好的理论基础和依据。     

Effect of chronic oral domperidone therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms and gastric emptying in patients with parkinson's disease

This study investigated whether domperidone could improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease who were receiving levodopa therapy. A total of 11 patients were studied. Following a baseline gastric emptying test, patients were treated with a starting dose of domperidone 20 mg p.o. q.i.d. A follow-up gastric emptying test was repeated at least 4 months after starting domperidone therapy. At the beginning and at each 3-month follow-up visit, symptoms of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal bloating, heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and constipation were evaluated and scored on a scale of 0–3. The overall mean follow-up period was 3 years. Compared with their baseline evaluation, patients experienced a significant improvement in all symptoms (p < 0.05) except dysphagia and constipation. Gastric emptying of an isotope-labeled solid meal was significantly faster, with a baseline result of 60.2 ± 6.4% retention of isotope 2 h after the meal compared with 37.0 ± 2.2% retention during domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Patients' global assessment of Parkinson's disease remained stable or improved. Serum prolactin was elevated in all patients after domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Domperidone therapy significantly reduces upper gastrointestinal symptoms and accelerates gastric emptying of a solid meal, but does not interfere with response to antiparkinsonism treatment.     

Notes on the use of low magnification telescopes in low vision care

Several areas related to the use of telescopes in low vision are reviewed. These include: contrast sensitivity function; eccentric viewing through a telescope; field of view; telescope used in reverse; and IOL-spectacle lens telescopic systems. Experimental data are included to support selected clinical observations routinely made by low vision clinicians.     

Retrograde air insufflation in MRI: A technical note

Retrograde air insufflation was employed to distend the colon and the ileum in 18 patients and five volunteers for magnetic resonance examination. Good and moderate marking of the ileum was obtained in 18 cases. The colon was nearly completely distended in every case. Intraluminal tumor, mural thickening, and extraluminal lesion were outlined by intraluminal air and surrounding air-distended bowel. This study shows that retrograde air insufflation is a useful method to mark the colon and most parts of the ileum.     

可逆性胆硷酯酶抑制剂二甲氨基甲酸-5-二氢吲哚酯的合成

为了深入研究催醒宁类化合物的结构与抑酶活性的关系,设计合成了-系列1-,3-或5-位不同取代的二氢吲哚类衍生物(中间体和终产物共24个新化合物)。中间体1,3-二甲基-5-烷氧基-2-二氢吲哚酮(A)的C₃烷化。采用相转移催化方法进行;反应中还分离到三个副产物(Ⅶ～Ⅸ)。初筛结果表明:这些化合物大多有较强的抑酶活性;1,3-或5-位取代基的改变均明显影响其活性。