PIAS3敲低对前列腺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的研究PIAS3敲低对人前列腺癌细胞系DU145细胞增殖、细胞周期和凋亡的影响。方法构建PIAS3shRNA表达质粒pSilencer4.1/PIAS3,转染DU145细胞。MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期和凋亡。结果测序证实PIAS3shRNA表达质粒构建成功。转染后DU145细胞PIAS3蛋白表达明显下调。MTT分析显示PIAS3敲低促进细胞增殖,并存在剂量-效应关系。流式细胞术分析显示:PIAS3敲低后S期细胞比例增加,G0/G1期细胞比例减少,凋亡细胞比例减少。结论PIAS3敲低促进体外前列腺癌细胞增殖,抑制其凋亡。     

Choleretic activity of 2-demethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-11-deoxymisoprostol on the model of CCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>-induced hepatitis

Therapeutic administration of 11-deoxymisoprostol had a hepatoprotective effect, which manifested in a decrease in the content of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in blood plasma, and produced a choleretic effect in rats with CCl₄-induced toxic hepatitis. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 183–184, February, 2008     

离子交换树脂法与活性炭吸附法提取左旋多巴结果比较

以水和盐酸为溶剂从猫豆中提取左旋多巴,并对提取液分别用离子交换树脂法和活性炭吸附法富集左旋多巴,再分别用氨水和醇洗脱,经浓缩、精制得左旋多巴。实验结果表明,前法提取周期较长,平均提取率为2．50％,后法提取周期较短,平均提取率为2．66％,提示后法优于前法。     

Elevated serum PAR-1 levels as an emerging biomarker of inflammation to predict the dengue infection severity

The present study was designed to check the serum levels of protease-activated receptor (PAR-1) in patients during different phases of dengue severity. Moreover, a correlation between serum PAR-1 levels and hematological parameters, inflammatory cytokine levels, and liver functional changes was also determined. Based on the World Health Organization criteria, the study population was divided into: nonsevere dengue fever (DF; n = 30), severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF; n = 19), and severe dengue shock syndrome (DSS; n = 11). The platelet count (PLT) and hematocrit (HCT) were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer and liver function enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphate (ALP), bilirubin were checked by auto-analyzer using diagnostic kits. Moreover, the levels of inflammatory mediators C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and PAR-1 were determined using respective ELISA kits. The HCT levels were elevated and platelet count decreased significantly during dengue complications (DHF and DSS) compared to the DF patients, while the levels of liver functional biomarkers AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin remained elevated in DHF and DSS groups than in the corresponding DF group. Similarly, the inflammatory cytokine levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 in DHF and DSS subjects were markedly increased when observed against DF subjects. Notably, the PAR-1 levels were significantly elevated in DHF and DSS groups than in the DF group and positively correlated with changes in HCT levels, inflammatory biomarkers, and liver enzymes. Our findings conclude that PAR-1 levels persistently increased with the severity of the dengue infection and are strongly associated with various clinical manifestations. Thus, PAR-1 levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for assessing dengue severity.     

脑电图结合CT预测一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病

探讨预测一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的检查方法,以及高压氧治疗时间与脑病的关系。方法用脑电地形图和头颅ＣＴ分析２９３例一氧化碳中毒不同程度、不同高压氧治疗时间与一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病发生的关系。结果中重度中毒脑电地形图与轻度中毒异常率比较差异显。     

Monitoring during paediatric cardiac anaesthesia

Monitoring of paediatric anaesthesia has become increasingly more complex in recent years and this is particulary true of cardiac anaesthesia. The purpose of this review is to give a comprehensive update of published material related to both routine and specialized cardiac monitoring. Routine monitoring can be particularly affected by the alterations of cardiac rhythm, blood flow, cardiac output and oxygenation which result from the congenital heart abnormalities themselves, the type of surgery undertaken and the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. The use of specialized monitoring is becoming more widespread, particularly in the areas of cerebral function, mixed venous oxygenation, cardiac output measurement and coagulation. In the last five years, with the development of smaller probes, a great deal has been published on transoesophageal echocardiography. The use of the current monitors of cerebral function still remains controversial despite the need for a monitor of adequate brain perfusion, reflecting the need for a great deal of further research in this area. This review will concentrate on particular areas which have seen the most profound changes and on monitoring that may form the standards of tomorrow. Finally, amongst all the technology, it should not be forgotten that the most important clinical monitor is the bedside clinical monitoring of the physicians themselves. Depuis quelques années, le monitorage de l’anesthésie pédiatrique devient déplus en plus complexe et tout particulièrement en anesthésie cardiaque. L’objectif de ce travail consiste à passer en revue la littérature actuelle qui traite du monitorage usuel et spécialisé. Le monitorage usuel peut être influencé par les modifications de la fréquence cardiaque, du courant sanguin, du débit cardiaque et de l’oxygénation provoqués par les anomalies cardiaques congénitales, du type de chirurgie et des retentissements de la circulation extracorporelle. L’utilisation du monitorage spécialisé est de plus en plus répandu et concerne particulièrement la circulation cérébrale, l’oxygénation du sang veineux mêlé, la mesure du débit cardiaque et la coagulation. Au cours des cinq dernières années, le développement de sondes plus petites a généré de nombreuses publications sur l’échocardiographie transoesophagienne. L’utilisation des moniteurs actuels de la fonction cérébrale demeure sujet à controverse bien qu ’un moniteur de perfusion cérébrale adéquat demeure toujours aussi essentiel, confirmant ainsi le besoin de recherches supplémentaires sur ce sujet. Ce survol se portera spécialement sur les champs d’activités qui ont connu les changements les plus profonds et sur le monitorage qui établira les standards du futur. Finalement, au milieu de cette technologie, il ne faut jamais oublier que le moniteur clinique le plus important se trouve au chevet du malade en la personne du médecin.     

Polymeric Microspheres Prepared by Spraying into Compressed Carbon Dioxide

Purpose. The objective was to prepare polymeric microparticles by atomizing organic polymer solutions into a spray chamber containing compressed CO₂ (PCA-process) and to study the influence of various process parameters on their morphological characteristics. Methods. The swelling of various pharmaceutically acceptable polymers [ethyl cellulose, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(-caprolactone), poly(dl-lactide), poly(l-lactide) and poly(dl-lactide-glycolide) copolymers] in CO₂ was investigated in order to find polymers which did not agglomerate during the spraying process. Poly(l-lactide) (L-PLA) microparticles were prepared by spraying the organic polymer solution into CO₂ in a specially designed spraying apparatus. The effect of various process (pressure and temperature of the CO₂ phase, flow rate) and formulation (polymer concentration) variables on the morphology and particle size of L-PLA-microparticles was investigated. Results. Polymers with low glass transition temperatures agglomerated even at low temperatures. The formation of microparticles was favored at moderate temperatures, low polymer concentrations, high pressures and high flow rates of CO₂. High polymer concentrations and low flow rates resulted in the formation of polymeric fibers. Colloidal L-PLA particles could also be prepared with this technique in a surfactant-free environment. Initial studies on the microencapsulation of drugs resulted in low encapsulation efficiencies. Conclusions. The PCA method is a promising technique for the preparation of drug-containing microparticles. Potential advantages of this method include the flexibility of preparing microparticles of different size and morphology, the elimination of surfactants, the minimization of residual organic solvents, low to moderate processing temperatures and the potential for scale-up.     

Carbon dioxide analysers: accuracy,alarm limits and effects of interfering gases

Six mainstream and twelve sidestream infrared carbon dioxide (CO₂) analysers were tested for accuracy of the CO₂ display value, alarm activation and the effects of nitrous oxide (N₂O), oxygen (O₂) and water vapour according to the ISO Draft International Standard (DIS) #9918. Mainstream analysers (M-type): Novametrix Capnogard 1265; Hewlett Packard HP M1166A (CO₂module HP M1016A); Datascope Passport; Marquette Tramscope 12; Nellcor Ultra Cap N-6000; Heilige Vicom-sm SMU 611/612 ETC. Sidestream analysers: Brüel &; Kjaer Type 1304; Datex Capnomac II; Marquette MGA-AS; Datascope Multinex; Ohmeda 4700 OxiCap (all type S1: respiratory cycles not demanded); Biochem BCI 9000; Bruker BCI 9100; Dräger Capnodig and PM 8020; Criticare Poet II; Heilige Vicom-sm SMU 611/612 A-GAS (all type S2: respiratory cycles demanded). The investigations were performed with premixed test gases (2.5, 5, 10 vol%, error ?1% rel.). Humidification (37° C) of gases were generated by a Dräger Aquapor. Respiratory cycles were simulated by manually activated valves. All monitors complied with the tolerated accuracy bias in CO₂ reading (≤ 12% or 4 mmHg of actual test gas value) for wet and dry test gases at all concentrations, except that the Marquette MGA-AS exceeded this accuracy limit with wet gases at 5 and 10 vol% CO₂. Water condensed in the metal airway adapter of the HP M1166A at 37° C gas temperature but not at 3(P C. The Servomex 2500 (nonclinical reference monitor), Passport (M-type), Multinex (S1-type) and Poet II (S2-type) showed the least bias for dry and wet gases. Nitrous oxide and O₂ had practically no effect on the Capnodig and the errors in the others were max. 3.4 mmHg, still within the tolerated bias in the DIS (same as above). The difference between the display reading at alarm activation and the set point was in all monitors (except in the Capnodig: bias 1.75 mmHg at 5 vol% CO₂) below the tolerated limit of the DIS (difference ≤ 0.2 vol%). The authors conclude that the tested monitors are safe for clinical use (except those failing the DIS limits). The accuracy of the CO₂-reading (average of mean absolute bias) is better in the M-type than in the S1- or S2- type analysers although no statistical (nor clinical) significant differences could be detected. Most manufacturers work with stricter limits than those proposed by the DIS.     

潜艇常见气体对离体细胞化学发光的影响

目的 :用化学发光法检测O2 、CO2 、CO和正庚烷 (CxHy)四种气体对离体家兔肺泡巨噬细胞 (AM )的直接效应。 方法 :将AM悬液暴露于上述气体 ,不同时间检测用PMA激发的细胞发光及其存活率。结果 :培养在 99.5 %N2 (0 .5 %O2 )中的AM受激发光仅能维持 10h ;高浓度O2 、CO2 、CO和CxHy具有刺激或增强AM发光之效应 ;含 16 %O2 、1.9%CO2 、46mg/m3 CO和 176mg/m3 CxHy的模拟潜艇混合气体未见对AM激发光功能和存活率产生不利影响。结论 :空气氧含量对细胞十分重要 ,提高氧浓度有利于细胞存活 ,但氧浓度 >16 %和 <2 0 %的低氧还原性气体环境更有利细胞长时间生存。