The effect of verapamil on myocardial exchange of free fatty acids, citrate, lactate and glucose in coronary artery disease

Twelve patients with coronary artery stenosis (> 50% diameterreduction) underwent two identical periods of atrial pacingbefore and after i. v. verapamil (0.1 mg/kg). Myocardial exchangesof free fatty acids (FFA), citrate, lactate and glucose wereevaluated from measurements of arterio-coronary sinus differences(n = 12) and coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF) (n = 9). Beforeverapamil 11 patients developed angina. Verapamil abolishedpain in seven and improved pacing time to angina in four patients.After verapamil, aortic pressure decreased (P < 0.05), whilethe rate pressure product remained unchanged during rest andpacing. Verapamil decreased CSBF by 20% (P<0.05) during pacing,and increased oxygen extraction both during pacing and recovery.During pacing verapamil increased net FFA extraction (P<0.01)and uptake (1 to 8 µmol/min P<0.05), and decreasedglucose extraction (P<0.05) and uptake (22 to 11 µmol/min P< 0.02. Verapamil increased myocardial citrate releaseduring pacing (P < 0.05), suggesting a citrate inhibitionof glycolysis as a possible mechanism of the inhibited glucoseuptake. During pacing, verapamil reduced lactate release inseven patients (P<0.05) and decreased lactate extractionin five patients (P<0.05). The results suggest that verapamilmediates its beneficial effect on pacing-induced angina, inpart by changing substrate utilization of the ischaemic myocardiumin man towards that of normal heart.     

枸地氯雷他定片联合复方甘草酸苷片治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床疗效

目的研究枸地氯雷他定片联合复方甘草酸苷片对慢性荨麻疹的影响。方法在2017年3月~2019年5月期间,选取124例于某院收治的慢性荨麻疹患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和参照组,各62例。观察组采取枸地氯雷他定片联合复方甘草酸苷片治疗,参照组采取单纯的枸地氯雷他定片治疗,对比两组患者的治疗总有效率、细胞因子和抗体Ig E水平、治疗结束后6个月和12个月时的复发率。结果经治疗,观察组的治疗总有效率明显高于参照组,数据对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外对两组患者的细胞因子和抗体Ig E水平进行对比,治疗前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗结束后再次对比,数据有差异(P<0.05)。最后分别对比治疗结束后6个月和12个月时的复发率,数据有差异(P<0.05)。结论采取枸地氯雷他定片联合复方甘草酸苷片治疗慢性荨麻疹的临床疗效极佳,各项实验室指标皆有改善,复发的概率较低,有应用价值。     

荨麻疹汤联合枸地氯雷他定片治疗慢性荨麻疹临床疗效观察

目的观察荨麻疹汤联合枸地氯雷他定片治疗慢性荨麻疹的方法以及临床疗效。方法 120例慢性荨麻疹患者,随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予枸地氯雷他定片口服治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用自制荨麻疹汤治疗。比较两组临床疗效、不良反应发生情况。结果治疗组治疗总有效率93.3%明显高于对照组的76.7%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组发生轻度嗜睡、口干6例(10.0%),对照组发生轻度嗜睡、口干4例(6.7%),比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均不影响后续治疗,停药后症状缓解。结论荨麻疹汤联合枸地氯雷他定片治疗慢性荨麻疹临床疗效好,值得推广应用。     

Citrate Buffer Alternative to Picric Acid for Masson Trichrome Stain

Abstract

An alternative to picric acid as a mordant in the staining of cytoplasm, keratin, muscle fibers, and intercellular fibers in the Masson trichrome stain is a citrate acid-sodium citrate buffer used as the microwave pretreatment of the tissue mounted on a slide. The Masson trichrome stain, a combination of Biebrich scarlet-acid fuchsin and aniline blue dye can be done within 1 hr and avoids the hazards associated with picric acid, a highly explosive compound in the dry state. (The J Histotechnol 19:341–342, 1996)     

金凤丸联合氯米芬治疗PCOS合并不孕患者的疗效及对雄激素水平的影响

目的观察金凤丸联合氯米芬治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)合并不孕患者的疗效及对雄激素水平的影响。方法选择2017年1月至2019年12月在该院诊治的PCOS合并不孕患者96例,根据随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组48例。对照组予以氯米芬治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上予以金凤丸治疗。比较两组的疗效、排卵率、妊娠率和不良反应发生率,治疗前后体质量指数(BMI)、月经周期、痤疮评分、Ferriman-Gallway(F-G)评分、卵巢体积、子宫内膜厚度、切面卵泡数、卵巢间质面积(SA)/卵巢总面积(TA),以及睾酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮(DHEAS)、雄烯二酮和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)水平。结果观察组的总有效率为89.58%,对照组的总有效率为70.83%,观察组明显优于对照组(χ²=4.200,P<0.05)。观察组的妊娠率为41.67%,明显高于对照组的16.67%(P<0.05),而两组排卵率和不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗前BMI、月经周期、痤疮评分、F-G评分、卵巢体积、子宫内膜厚度、切面卵泡数、SA/TA,以及睾酮、DHEAS、雄烯二酮和SHBG水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组的月经周期缩短,卵巢体积缩小,BMI、痤疮评分、F-G评分、切面卵泡数减少,SA/TA及睾酮、DHEAS和雄烯二酮水平明显降低(P<0.05),而子宫内膜厚度和SHBG水平均较治疗前明显增加(P<0.05),观察组与对照组比较,改善程度更为明显(P<0.05)。结论金凤丸联合氯米芬治疗PCOS合并不孕的疗效显著,能明显提高妊娠率,其机制可能与金凤丸能够降低雄激素水平有关。     

Safety and Efficacy of Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate Compared to Morphine Sulphate Immediate Release Tablet in Management of Breakthrough Cancer Pain

Aim:

To compare the efficacy and safety of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) and oral morphine in Indian patients with breakthrough episodes of cancer pain.

Materials and Methods:

In this randomized, open label, active controlled, clinical study, total 186 patients who regularly experienced 1-4 episodes of breakthrough cancer pain (BTCP) daily, over the persistent pain controlled by taking oral morphine 60 mg/day or its equivalent were randomized to receive either OTFC 200 mcg or oral morphine 10 mg for the treatment of BTCP for 3 days. Improvement in pain as determined by numerical rating scale (NRS) at 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes of drug administration and percentage of BTCP episodes showing reduction in pain intensity by >33% at 15 minutes were primary efficacy endpoints. Secondary efficacy endpoints were requirement for rescue analgesia and global assessment by physician and patient. Data of both treatment groups were analysed by appropriate statistical test using software, STATISTICA, version 11.

Results:

Patients treated with OTFC experienced significantly greater improvement in pain intensity of breakthrough episodes compared to those treated with oral morphine at all assessment time points (P < 0.0001). 56% of breakthrough pain episodes treated with OTFC showed a greater than 33% reduction in pain intensity from baseline at 15 minutes compared to 39% episodes treated with oral morphine (P < 0.0001). Patient''s and physician''s global assessment favoured OTFC than oral morphine (P < 0.0001). Requirement of rescue analgesia in both the study groups was similar (P > 0.05). Both study drugs were well tolerated.

Conclusions:

OTFC was found to provide faster onset of analgesic effect than immediate release oral morphine in management of breakthrough cancer pain.     

Differential roles of hypothalamic serotonin receptor subtypes in the regulation of prolactin secretion in the turkey hen

In the turkey, exogenous serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) increases prolactin (PRL) secretion by acting through the dopaminergic (DAergic) system. In the present study, infusion of the 5-HT_2C receptor agonist, (R)(−)-DOI hydrochloride (DOI), into the third ventricle stimulates PRL secretion, whereas the 5-HT_1A receptor agonist, (+/−)-8-OH-DPAT hydrobromide (DPAT), inhibits PRL secretion. Using the immediate-early gene, c-fos, as an indicator of neuronal activity, in situ hybridization histochemistry showed preferential c-fos co-localization within tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons (the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) in the areas of the nucleus preopticus medialis (POM) and the nucleus premammillaris (PMM), in response to DPAT and DOI, respectively. To clarify the involvement of 5-HT_1A and 5-HT_2C receptors in PRL regulation, their mRNA expression was determined on hypothalamic tissue sections from birds in different reproductive stages. A significant difference in 5-HT_1A receptor was observed, with the POM of hypoprolactinemic short day and photorefractory birds showing the highest expression. 5-HT_2C receptors mRNA did not change during the reproductive cycle. The data presented support the notion that DA neurons in the PMM and POM mediate the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of 5-HT, respectively, on PRL secretion and the 5-HTergic system can both stimulate and inhibit PRL secretion.     

枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效及对神经发育的影响

探讨不同枸橼酸咖啡因治疗方案对早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效和神经发育的影响,分析本院收治的80例呼吸窘迫综合征早产儿临床资料,在采用枸橼酸咖啡因负荷量(每天,20 mg/kg)24 h后,分别使用维持量为每天10 mg/kg枸橼酸咖啡因(为观察组)或使用每天5mg/kg维持量 (为对照组)。结果显示,与治疗前相比,两组治疗后β-内啡肽(β-EP)显著降低,智力发展指数(MDI)、精神运动指数(PDI)显著提高。与对照组比较,且观察组β-EP降低幅度较大。结果说明,枸橼酸咖啡因每天10 mg/kg维持量比5mg/kg更有利于提高早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的临床疗效,同时可改善神经发育。     

沙棘糖浆联合枸橼酸莫沙必利片治疗儿童功能性消化不良的临床研究

目的 探讨沙棘糖浆联合枸橼酸莫沙必利片治疗儿童功能性消化不良的临床疗效。方法 选取功能性消化不良患儿为研究对象。对照组给予枸橼酸莫沙必利片,观察组给予口服沙棘糖浆,比较两组患儿治疗效果。结果 经治疗4周后,观察组的总有效率显著高于对照组。结论 沙棘糖浆联合莫沙必利可改善临床症状,其机制可能与提高血清NPY和LEP水平有关。