Morpho-functional differentiation in lobular carcinoma of the breast

Lobular carcinoma of the breast has been studied using histochemical methods for mucosubstances; immunocytochemical methods for casein and actin; the ruthenium red electronycytochemical method for acid glycoproteins and an immunoelectroncytochemical method for casein. Mucosubstances and casein showed a similar cytoplasmic localization, but casein production was much more intense and also showed a more diffuse cytoplasmic localization. Occasionally casein assumed the form of target-like 'inclusions' as seen characteristically with the mucosubstances. The neoplastic cells were not stained by antisera against actin. Ultrastructurally, some cells showed an intracytoplasmic lumen with microvilli and/or an irregular outline at one extremity which was covered by microvilli. An electron-dense 'fuzz' and casein coated the microvilli of cells exposed respectively to ruthenium red and an anticasein serum followed by peroxidase--anti-peroxidase complexes. It is concluded that lobular carcinoma shows evidence of epithelial rather than myoepithelial differentiation with the emphasis on epithelial secretory cells engaged in intensive milk protein production. All 10 tumours tested for oestrogen receptors were positive in contradistinction to ductal carcinoma with a lower incidence of positivity. It appears that, in addition to distinctive histological and histochemical features, lobular carcinoma has an almost constant endocrine pattern in respect of its oestrogen receptor content.     

Understanding infant formula

The World Health organisation recommends breast feeding infants for the first six months of life. When this breast feeding does not occur either through parental choice or medical need, infant formulas will be required. There is a bewildering array of formulas on the UK market for many different requirements. When faced with an unsettled infant many parents (and healthcare professionals) will experiment with the infant formula available and then attend the paediatric clinic looking for help and advice. It is therefore essential that paediatricians understand what milks are available and what the key differences between different products are. This review attempts to provide a simple guide through many of the formulations currently available in the UK; and offers advice for the dietary management of the child with extra calorie requirements, infants with cow's milk protein allergy, gastro oesophageal reflux disease, apparent unresolved hunger and infantile colic. Whatever the underlying condition, there is likely to be an infant formula that is suitable in this generation of ever expanding formulations.     

南方红豆杉愈伤组织培养的研究

对南方红豆杉叶愈伤组织诱导条件及最适培养基级成成分进行了探讨。结果表明,２,４－Ｄ比ＮＡＡ更有利于愈伤组织的形成。培养基中添加适度浓度的ＣＡ、Ｐｈｅ和乙酸钠能促进南方红用愈伤组织的生长和紫杉醇的积累。     

大孔吸附树脂法对固公果根中鞣质的吸附解吸研究

目的探讨大孔吸附树脂富集、纯化固公果中总鞣质的工艺条件参数。方法比较了8种大孔吸附树脂的静态吸附量、静态解吸率,筛选出最佳的吸附树脂。以静态、动态吸附实验相结合,确定了最佳的吸附分离工艺。采用干酪素法进行鞣质的测定。结果在考察的8种树脂中,HP20型树脂具有最佳的吸附参数,并确定了工艺条件。结论本实验筛选出HP20型树脂对固公果根中总鞣质类成分吸附解吸性能较好。     

酪蛋白磷酸肽-无定形磷酸钙促进牙再矿化的机制

牙体在正常生理状态下处于脱矿和再矿化的动力平衡之中,当环境改变后,平衡被打破,脱矿和再矿化会向某一方向持续进行.脱矿不仅导致牙体形态学发生改变,也是龋病的开端,所以应该采取有力措施阻断这一过程,使其平衡向再矿化方向发展.以往以氟化物防龋并取得了较好的效果,却因不良反应使其应用受到了一定的限制.研究显示,牛奶和奶酪等奶制...     

Effects of dietary magnesium on the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

The effect of varying the amount of dietary magnesium on the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats was investigated with three diets containing 1.05% (H1Mg diet), 0.52% (H2Mg diet), and 0.008% (LMg diet). The control group was given a diet containing a normal amount of magnesium (0.2%). When the diet was sufficiently supplemented with magnesium (H1Mg diet), the development of hypertension was significantly slowed and the heart rate slightly lowered. With dietary magnesium depletion (LMg diet), the heart rate was accelerated and hypertension developed more rapidly. Excretion of urinary electrolytes (calcium, magnesium, and sodium) was increased by rats fed the H1Mg diet and decreased by rats on the LMg diet. Urinary cAMP was decreased both on the HMg diets and on the LMg diet. With the H1Mg diet, total and ionized calcium and sodium levels in plasma fell, and magnesium plasma levels rose. Rats fed the LMg diet had increased total and ionized calcium and decreased magnesium plasma levels. These results show that dietary magnesium modifies the metabolism of calcium, sodium, magnesium, which can modulate the development of genetic hypertension.     

酪蛋白抗凝血肽的制备及其体外抗凝血、溶栓作用研究

目的研究抗凝血肽的制备、分离方法及其体外抗凝血、溶栓效果。方法用木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶对酪蛋白进行4酶混合水解制备抗凝血肽,以固定化凝血酶对抗凝血肽进行萃取,用新西兰兔进行体外抗凝血、溶栓实验。结果实验确定的抗凝血肽制备条件为酪蛋白质量浓度15%,水解每克酪蛋白的木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶用量分别为1 500、2 400、1 000、1 250 U,水解温度50℃,pH 7.0,水解时间4 h。固定化凝血酶萃取抗凝血肽的初始浓度6 ATU/mL,萃取温度30℃,pH 5.0,萃取时间30 min。反萃取温度30℃,pH 7.6,反萃取时间40 min。抗凝血肽经高效体积排阻色谱分析,主要成分分子大小与马尿酰-组氨酰-亮氨酸相当。体外抗凝血时间超72 h,溶栓时间24 h。结论酪蛋白抗凝血肽主要成分为3肽,体外抗凝血及溶栓实验效果良好。