双去甲氧基姜黄素抑制肝癌细胞增殖并诱导凋亡的机制

目的探讨双去甲氧基姜黄素(BDMC)对肝癌细胞的作用及其机制。方法不同BDMC(0、20、40、80μmol/L)干预肝癌细胞株HEPG2 72 h,MTT评价细胞增殖,Tunel分析细胞凋亡,ELISA检测活性氧(ROS)水平和p-STAT3水平,Western blot检测AMPK。采用ROS抑制剂N-乙酰-L半胱氨酸(NAC 2.5 mmol/L)处理30 min后BDMC再干预24 h,评价细胞凋亡能力。结果 BDMC可诱导肝癌细胞凋亡,增加ROS生成和AMPK磷酸化水平,抑制p-STAT3表达。抑制ROS生成可抑制BDMC诱导HEPG2凋亡的能力。结论 BDMC通过ROS/AMPK/STAT3信号通路诱导肝癌细胞凋亡。     

Curcuminoids enhance memory in an amyloid-infused rat model of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. There are a limited number of therapeutic options available for the treatment of AD. Curcuminoids (a mixture of bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin and curcumin) is the main chemical constituent found in turmeric, a well known curry spice, having potential in the treatment of AD. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of curcuminoid mixture and individual constituents on spatial learning and memory in an amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide-infused rat model of AD and on the expression of PSD-95, synaptophysin and camkIV. Curcuminoid mixture showed a memory-enhancing effect in rats displaying AD-like neuronal loss only at 30 mg/kg, whereas individual components were effective at 3–30 mg/kg. A shorter duration treatment with test compounds showed that the curcuminoid mixture and bisdemethoxycurcumin increased PSD-95 expression in the hippocampus at 3–30 mg/kg, with maximum effect at a lower dose (3 mg/kg) with respective values of 470.5 and 587.9%. However, after a longer duration treatment, two other compounds (demethoxycurcumin and curcumin) also increased PSD-95 to 331.7 and 226.2% respectively at 30 mg/kg. When studied for their effect on synaptophysin in the hippocampus after the longer duration treatment, the curcuminoid mixture and all three individual constituents increased synaptophysin expression. Of these, demethoxycurcumin was the most effective showing a 350.1% increase (P<0.01) at 30 mg/kg compared to the neurotoxin group. When studied for their effect on camkIV expression after longer treatment in the hippocampus, only demethoxycurcumin at 30 mg/kg increased levels to 421.2%. These compounds salvaged PSD-95, synaptophysin and camkIV expression levels in the hippocampus in the rat AD model, which suggests multiple target sites with the potential of curcuminoids in spatial memory enhancing and disease modifying in AD.     

HPLC法测定中药莪术中3种姜黄素的含量

目的：用高效液相色谱法测定中药莪术中3种姜黄素成分即姜黄素(curcumin, I)、脱甲氧基姜黄素(demethoxycurcumin, II)和双脱甲氧基姜黄素(bisdemethoxycurcumin, III)。方法：采用Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱,流动相为甲醇—异丙醇—水—冰乙酸(20∶27∶48∶5),流速为0.5 ml.min^-1,检测波长为420 nm。结果：3种姜黄素在0.1～1.9 μg呈良好线性关系,方法回收率为98.2%～101.1%,曾用本法测定了8种莪术样品。结论：本法准确,快速,重现性好,可用于考察研究中药莪术的不同品种以及同属其它中药的质量。     

采用形态学实验研究双脱甲氧基姜黄素对人血管内皮细胞的诱导凋亡作用

目的：探讨双脱甲氧基姜黄素（又称姜黄素－3）对人肺微血管内皮细胞的诱导凋亡作用。方法：（1）采用Giemsa染色法观察浓度分别为4μg/ml、8μg/ml和12μg/ml的双脱甲氧基姜黄素诱导内皮细胞凋亡的效果；（2）采用透射电镜观察浓度分别为4μg/ml、8μg/ml的双脱甲氧基黄素诱导内皮细胞凋亡的效果；（3）采用丫啶橙荧光染色观察内皮细胞在8μg/ml双脱甲氧基姜黄素诱发凋亡后发生的形态结构改变。结果：（1）Giemsa染色实验表明，双脱甲氧基姜黄素作用24h后，4μg/ml组细胞凋亡率为15．8％，与阴性对照组（13．2％）比较无明显差异（P＞0．05），8μg/ml组和12μg/ml组细胞凋亡率分别为20．6％和38％，与阴性组比较差异显著（P＜0．01和P＜0．001），凋亡细胞多表现为胞体缩小、变圆，核浓缩，呈紫黑色；（2）透射电镜分析表明，4μg/ml组的内皮细胞形态结构与阴性对照组基本相同，无明显异常改变，8μg/ml组有大量凋亡小体形成，并观察到较多的典型凋亡细胞；（3）丫啶橙荧光染色可较细致地显示细胞凋亡时的多种结构、形态改变，能够发现较早期的凋亡细胞，因而其敏感度可能更高。结论：（1）双脱甲氧基姜黄素诱导内皮细胞凋亡作用的有效剂量为8μg/ml；（2）丫啶橙荧光染色是研究细胞凋亡的一种较好的形态学实验方法，同时也适于定量分析。     

3种姜黄色素干预ox-LDL促平滑肌细胞增殖与影响LDL-R表达的研究

目的:研究3种不同结构的姜黄色素单体对牛主动脉平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖及牛VSMC低密度脂蛋白受体(LDL-R)表达的影响,解析构效关系。方法:用MTT比色法和流式细胞仪观察3种不同结构的姜黄色素单体对ox-LDL促牛VSMC增殖及对VSMC LDL-R表达的影响。结果:ox-LDL在2.5,5,10 mg.L^-1时,对VSMC有明显的促增殖作用,P<0.05。姜黄素16.5,33,66μmol.L^-1,一脱甲氧基姜黄素(简称一脱)33,66μmol.L^-1和二脱甲氧基姜黄素(简称二脱)66μmol.L^-1对10 mg.L^-1ox-LDL培养的VSMC有明显的抑制作用,P<0.05。3种姜黄色素的抑制率为姜黄素>一脱>二脱。3种姜黄色素在66,33,16.5μmol.L^-1时对VSMC LDL-R的表达均有明显的上调作用,其中姜黄素16.5μmol.L^-1组与正常组比较,P<0.05,其他组与正常组比较P<0.01,上调作用二脱>一脱>姜黄素,经组间方差分析,P<0.01,与姜黄色素抑制牛VSMC增殖作用相反。结论:3种不同结构姜黄色素单体能明显抑制ox-LDL促牛VSMC增殖作用,上调牛VSMC LDL-R表达,从而有可能延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生发展过程。     

不同溶剂对姜黄中姜黄素类化合物提取率的比较

目的分别比较姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素在9种常用提取溶剂中的提取率,为3种姜黄素提取的适宜溶剂提供参考。方法通过改变提取溶剂种类,对等量的各份姜黄进行提取,提取液定容处理后,高效液相色谱法检测,计算提取率,比较3种姜黄素各自在不同溶剂中的提取率,分析得到3者适宜的提取溶剂。结果姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素均在甲醇中的提取率最高。结论 3者在各自溶剂中的提取率高低不呈现完全正相关。     

Curcuminoids combined with gefitinib mediated apoptosis and autophagy of human oral cancer SAS cells in vitro and reduced tumor of SAS cell xenograft mice in vivo

Gefitinib has been used for cancer patients and curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), or bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) also shown to induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, no report shows the combination of gefitinib with, CUR, DMC, or BDMC induce cell apoptosis and autophagy in human oral cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of gefitinib with or without CUR, DMC, or BDMC co‐treatment on the cell viability, apoptotic cell death, autophagy, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and caspase‐3 activities by flow cytometry assay and autophagy by acridine orange (AO) staining in human oral cancer SAS cells. Results indicated that gefitinib co‐treated with CUR, DMC, or BDMC decreased total viable cell number through the induction of cell apoptosis and autophagy and decreased the levels of MMP and increased caspase‐3 activities in SAS cells. Western blotting indicated that gefitinib combined with CUR, DMC, or BDMC led to decrease Bcl‐2 protein expression which is an antiapoptotic protein and to increase ATG5, Beclin 1, p62/SQSTM1, and LC3 expression that associated with cell autophagy in SAS cells. Gefitinib combined with CUR and DMC led to significantly reduce the tumor weights and volumes in SAS cell xenograft nude mice but did not affect the total body weights. Based on those observations, we suggest that the combination of gefitinib with CUR, DMC, and BDMC can be a potential anticancer agent for human oral cancer in future.     

自乳化释药系统（SEDDS）对姜黄素类组分增溶作用的研究

目的 探讨自乳化释药系统（SEDDS）对多组分同时增溶的可行性。方法 以姜黄素类组分为模型药物,采用D-最优混料设计优化SEDDS处方,以对双去甲氧基姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和姜黄素的载药量、SEDDS的粒径和乳化时间为指标对SEDDS进行优化并对其进行综合评价,探讨SEDDS对多成分同时增溶的可行性。结果 优化得SEDDS最佳处方为Obleique CC497-聚山梨酯20-Transcutol P（0.21∶0.50∶0.29）,SEDDS粒径为（248.8±3.4）nm,乳化时间为（70±1）s。37 ℃时,SEDDS对双去甲氧基姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和姜黄素的最大载药量分别为2.298、12.220、52.561 mg/g,在水中的溶解度分别为0.107、0.661、1.648 mg/mL。结论 SEDDS能实现对多组分的同时增溶。     

姜黄素类化合物体外抗凝血与抗血栓作用研究

目的 研究姜黄素类化合物体外抗凝血与抗血栓活性,为探寻姜黄活血化瘀药效物质提供参考。方法 采用家兔血浆复钙时间法、凝血酶时间法及体外血栓法、全血血块法,分别对3个天然姜黄素类化合物姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素的体外抗凝血与抗血栓活性进行测定。结果 姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素均能延长家兔血浆复钙时间（P＜0.01）及凝血酶时间（P＜0.01）,且均能加快体外血栓（P＜0.01）及全血凝块的溶解（P＜0.01）,其中去甲氧基姜黄素的作用最强。结论 姜黄素类化合物具有较好的体外抗凝血与抗血栓作用,空间不对称结构能加强姜黄素类化合物结构母核的抗凝活性。     

Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses MCF-7 cells proliferation by inducing ROS accumulation and modulating senescence-related pathways

BackgroundBisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is a natural derivative of curcumin present in the phenolic components extracted from the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa L. BDMC demonstrated potential chemotherapeutic activities but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. In the present study, the role of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in the anti-cancer effects of BDMC was investigated.MethodsMCF-7 cells were exposed to BDMC, and then the cell proliferation, colony formation ability and cell cycle profile were analyzed. Cellular ROS level was determined by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscope observation using specific fluorescent probes. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ψm) was assessed using JC-1. In addition, effects of BDMC on senescence-related molecules were analyzed by western blot assay.ResultsBDMC significantly inhibited MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation, while a rapid rise of the intracellular ROS level accompanied with a reduction of Δψm were observed. In addition, BDMC activated the pro-apoptotic protein p53 and its downstream effector p21 as well as the cell cycle regulatory proteins p16 and its downstream effector retinoblastoma protein (Rb). All of these BDMC-induced effects were counteracted with the pre-incubation of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC).ConclusionsThese results suggested that BDMC-induced ROS accumulation may contribute to its inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell viability through regulation of p53/p21 and p16/Rb pathways.